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{{redirect|MS Pearl|other ships named Pearl|
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
| Ship image = [[
| Ship caption = ''Finlandia'' in original appearance and livery
}}
{{Infobox
| Hide header =
| Ship name = *1967–1978: ''Finlandia''
*1978–1981: ''Finnstar''
*1981–1982: ''Innstar''
*1982–1988: ''Pearl of Scandinavia''
*1988–1994: ''Ocean Pearl''
|Ship route=▼
*1994–1995: ''Pearl''
|Ship ordered=8 April 1965<ref name=Asklander />▼
*1995–1998: ''Costa Playa''<ref name=Pietikainen>{{cite book |title=The Finnlines Fleet 1947-1997 |last=Pietikäinen |first=Matti |year=1998 |publisher=Finnlines |location=Helsinki |isbn=952-90-9115-X |pages=158–160 }}</ref>
|Ship builder=[[Wärtsilä]] [[Hietalahti shipyard]], [[Helsinki]], Finland<ref name=Pietikainen />▼
*1998–1999: ''Oriental Pearl''
|Ship original cost=▼
*1999–2000: ''Joy Wave''
|Ship yard number=383<ref name=Asklander />▼
*2000-2009: ''Golden Princess''<ref name=Asklander>{{cite web |url=http://www.faktaomfartyg.se/finlandia_1967.htm |title=M/S ''Finlandia'' (1967) |access-date=23 November 2012 |last=Asklander |first=Micke |work=Fakta om Fartyg |language=sv}}</ref><ref name=Boyle>{{cite web |url=http://www.simplonpc.co.uk/Finlandia.html |title=''Finlandia'' |access-date=21 November 2008 |last=Boyle |first=Ian |work=Simplon Postcards }}</ref>
|Ship way number=▼
| Ship owner = *1967–1975: [[Finland Steamship Company]]
|Ship laid down=▼
*1975–1980: [[Enso-Gutzeit]]
|Ship launched=25 August 1966<ref name=Pietikainen />▼
*1981–1990: [[Loke Shipping]]
|Ship completed=10 May 1967<ref name=Pietikainen />▼
*1990–1992: [[Sendumar]]
|Ship christened=25 August 1966 <small>by Louise Ehrnrooth</small><ref name=Pietikainen />▼
*1995–1998: [[Costa Cruises]]
|Ship maiden voyage=▼
*1998–1999: [[Mega Wave International]]
|Ship in service=25 May 1967<ref name=Pietikainen />▼
*1999–2000: Costa Cruises
|Ship out of service=2009▼
| Ship operator = *1967–1975: Finland Steamship Company
|Ship fate=Scrapped in 2009<ref name=Asklander />▼
*1975–1977: [[Finnlines]]
|Ship status=▼
*1977: [[TT-Saga Line]]
*1977–1981: Finnlines<ref name=Pietikainen />
*1979–1980 (spring and autumn seasons): [[Hapag-Lloyd Cruises]]<ref name=Asklander />
*1982–1994: [[Pearl Cruises]]
*1994–1995: [[Croisières Paquet]]
*1995–1998: Costa Cruises
*1998–1999: Mega Wave International
*1999–2000: Costa Cruises
*2000-2009: Eurasia International<ref name=Asklander /><ref name=Boyle />
| Ship registry = *1967–1981: [[Helsinki]] {{flag|Finland|civil}}
*1981–1994: [[Nassau, Bahamas|Nassau]], {{flag|Bahamas|civil}}
*1994–1995: [[Toulon]], {{flag|France|civil}}
*1995-2009: Nassau, {{flag|Bahamas|civil}}<ref name=Asklander />
▲| Ship route =
▲| Ship ordered = 8 April 1965<ref name=Asklander />
▲| Ship builder = [[Wärtsilä]] [[Hietalahti shipyard]], [[Helsinki]], Finland<ref name=Pietikainen />
▲| Ship original cost =
▲| Ship yard number = 383<ref name=Asklander />
▲| Ship way number =
▲| Ship laid down =
▲| Ship launched = 25 August 1966<ref name=Pietikainen />
▲| Ship completed = 10 May 1967<ref name=Pietikainen />
▲| Ship christened = 25 August 1966 <small>by Louise Ehrnrooth</small><ref name=Pietikainen />
| Ship acquired = 10 May 1967<ref name=Pietikainen />
▲| Ship maiden voyage =
▲| Ship in service = 25 May 1967<ref name=Pietikainen />
▲| Ship out of service = 2009
| Ship identification = {{IMO Number|6622458}}<ref name=Asklander />
▲| Ship fate = Scrapped in 2009<ref name=Asklander />
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
| Hide header =
| Header caption = (as built)<ref name=Asklander />
| Ship type = [[Ro-ro]] car and passenger [[ferry]]
| Ship tonnage = *{{GRT|8,583}}
*{{DWT|1,715}} | Ship displacement =
| Ship length = {{convert|153.00|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}
| Ship beam = {{convert|20.00|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| Ship height =
| Ship draught = {{convert|5.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| Ship depth =
| Ship decks = 9<ref name=Haavikko>{{cite book |title=Vuosisadan merikirja: Effoan sata ensimmäistä vuotta |last=Haavikko |first=Paavo
| Ship deck clearance =
| Ship ramps =
| Ship ice class = 1 A<ref name=Pietikainen />
| Ship power = *4{{nbsp}}
*12,060 kW (combined) | Ship propulsion = *Two propellers<ref name=Pietikainen />
*Two bow thrusters<ref name=Haavikko /> | Ship speed = {{convert|22|kn}}
| Ship capacity = *1,000 passengers
*254 first class berths *393 tourist class berths<ref name=Pietikainen /> *321 cars | Ship crew =
| Ship notes =
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
| Hide header =
| Header caption = (1979)<ref name=Pietikainen />
| Ship type = [[Cruiseferry]]
| Ship tonnage = {{GRT|10,311}}
| Ship displacement =
| Ship length =
| Ship beam =
| Ship height =
| Ship draught = {{convert|5.80|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}
| Ship depth =
| Ship decks =
| Ship deck clearance =
| Ship ramps =
| Ship ice class =
| Ship power =
| Ship propulsion =
| Ship speed =
| Ship capacity = *576 passengers
*576 berths | Ship crew =
| Ship notes = Otherwise same as built
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
| Hide header =
| Header caption = (1982)<ref name=Pietikainen />
| Ship type = [[Cruise ship]]
| Ship tonnage = *{{GRT|12,456}}
*{{DWT|1,830}} | Ship displacement =
| Ship length =
| Ship beam =
| Ship height =
| Ship draught =
| Ship depth =
| Ship decks =
| Ship deck clearance =
| Ship ramps =
| Ship ice class =
| Ship power =
| Ship propulsion =
| Ship speed =
| Ship capacity = *515 passengers
*515 berths | Ship crew = 173<ref name=Malmberg>{{cite book |title=Laivoja ja ihmisiä |last=Malmberg |first=Thure
| Ship notes = Otherwise same as rebuilt, 1979
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
| Hide header =
| Header caption = (1988)<ref name=Pietikainen />
| Ship type =
| Ship tonnage = {{GT|12,704
| Ship displacement =
| Ship length = {{convert|156.67|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}
| Ship beam =
| Ship height =
| Ship draught =
| Ship depth =
| Ship decks =
| Ship deck clearance =
| Ship ramps =
| Ship ice class =
| Ship power =
| Ship propulsion =
| Ship speed =
| Ship capacity =
| Ship crew =
| Ship notes = Otherwise same as rebuilt, 1982
}}
|}
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==Concept and construction==
{{other ships|MS Finlandia}}
During the early 1960s Finland Steamship Company's service between Finland, Denmark and West Germany was operated by ageing [[steamboat|steamers]] with no car decks, the newest of which had been built in 1927.<ref name=Malmberg /> [[Finnlines]] had started competing with Finland SS Co on the service to West Germany in 1962 with the car/passenger ferry [[MS Hansa Express|''Hansa Express'']]. Two notably larger ferries—[[MS Finnhansa (1966)|''Finnhansa'']] and [[MS Finnpartner (1966)|''Finnpartner'']]—were under construction, due to enter service on the service with Finnlines in 1966.<ref name=Karonen>{{cite book |title=Enso-Gutzeit Oy laivanvarustajana: Oy Finnlines Ltd ja Merivienti Oy vuosina 1947-1982 |last=Karonen |first=Petri |coauthors= |year=1992 |publisher=Enso-Gutzeit |location=Imatra |isbn=952-9690-00-2 |pages=71–75 |language=Finnish }}</ref> In order to compete with Finnlines' state-of-the-art ferries, Finland SS Co placed an order for an even larger car/passenger ferry with [[Wärtsilä]] [[Hietalahti shipyard]] in [[Helsinki]], Finland on 8 April 1965. The new ship could accommodate 1000 passengers, with berths for 647 of them.<ref name=Asklander /> In keeping with the liner tradition the berths wede divided between first and tourist class.<ref name=Malmberg /> The same shipyard was in fact building the new Finnlines vessels at the time Finland SS Co placed their order.<ref name=Karonen />▼
▲During the early 1960s Finland Steamship Company's service between Finland, Denmark and West Germany was operated by ageing [[steamboat|steamers]] with no car decks, the newest of which had been built in 1927.<ref name=Malmberg /> [[Finnlines]] had started competing with Finland SS Co on the service to West Germany in 1962 with the car/passenger ferry [[MS Hansa Express|''Hansa Express'']]. Two notably larger ferries—[[MS Finnhansa (1966)|''Finnhansa'']] and [[MS Finnpartner (1966)|''Finnpartner'']]—were under construction, due to enter service on the service with Finnlines in 1966.<ref name=Karonen>{{cite book |title=Enso-Gutzeit Oy laivanvarustajana: Oy Finnlines Ltd ja Merivienti Oy vuosina 1947-1982 |last=Karonen |first=Petri
The concept of the new Finland SS Co vessel, eventually to be named ''Finlandia'', was essentially the same as that of [[MS Ilmatar|''Ilmatar'']], built by the Wärtsilä shipyard for Finland SS Co in 1964. A notable exception was that the new ''Finlandia'' would be built with a full-length car-deck that could be accessed from gates both in the stern and bow, whereas the ''Ilmatar'' had a smaller, side-loadable car deck.<ref name=Malmberg /> The ''Finlandia''{{'}}s large size meant she could replace all three steamers operated by Finland SS Co on the service to West Germany.<ref name=Haavikko />
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Between 5 September 1978 and 3 January 1979 the ''Finlandia'' was heavily rebuilt at the Wärtsilä [[Crichton-Vulcan|Turku shipyard]]. To facilitate dual use as a ferry on the Baltic during the summer high season and cruising during the remainder of the year, her interiors and accommodations were upgraded to cruise ship standards, with new cabins were installed on the upper level of the car deck, while the lower level of the car deck was retained so that she could continue transporting passenger cars. At the same time the bow gate was sealed, so that cars could only be loaded and unloaded from the stern. Following the reconstruction she could accommodate 576 all-berth passengers. Externally the midship dummy funnel was removed and the exhaust pipes in the rear redesigned. Coinciding with the reconstruction she was renamed ''Finnstar''.<ref name=Pietikainen /><ref name="Karonen 106">Karonen, pp. 106-109.</ref>
Following sale to [[
Between 5 January and 14 February 1988 the ship was again rebuilt, this time at the [[Sembawang Shipyard]] in [[Singapore]]. During the refit a new sharply raked bow was fitted, increasing the ship's length by {{convert|3.67|m|ftin|0}} and the exhaust pipes replaced by a new aluminium funnel. After this rebuilding the ship was renamed ''Ocean Pearl'' by HRH Princess [[Galyani Vadhana]] of Thailand.<ref name=Pietikainen />
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The new ''Finlandia'' entered service on Finland Steamship Company's service connecting Helsinki, Finland to [[Travemünde]], West Germany via [[Copenhagen]], Denmark on 25 May 1967.<ref name=Pietikainen /> She was the largest car/passenger ferry in the world at the time<ref name=Haavikko /> and the fastest ferry on the [[Baltic Sea]],<ref name=Malmberg /> capable crossing the Baltic in just 44 hours.<ref name=Haavikko /> Her facilities were notably superior to the old Finland SS Co ships she had replaced, and she gained immediate popularity.<ref name=Malmberg /> On 23 January 1968 the ''Finlandia'' collided with the West German [[cargo ship|freighter]] ''Brook'' in the [[Kustaanmiekka]] strait outside Helsinki. ''Finlandia'' survived the encounter without notable damage. On 27 June of the same year the ''Finlandia'' evacuated two Danish citizens from a burning [[motor boat]] outside [[Stevns Municipality|Stevns]], Denmark. In December 1968 she also became the first ship to be docked at [[Valmet]]'s new 12,000 ton [[drydock]] at [[Katajanokka]], Helsinki.<ref name=Asklander />
Faced with competition in the form of the ''Finlandia'', it became clear Finnlines could not operate both their ''Finnhansa'' and ''Finnpartner'' in the service to West Germany. As a result, the ''Finnpartner'' was sold to [[Rederi AB Svea]] in 1969. Following the sale Finnlines and Finland SS Co entered a joint service agreement in February 1969. Although the joint service was marketed as Itämeren-laivat ({{
The ''Finlandia'' enjoyed an eventful career with Finland Steamship Company until 1975. On 24 March 1970 a passenger fell ill on board and had to be carried to a hospital in [[Visby]], [[Gotland]] by a helicopter. On 31 May 1970 she suffered an engine room fire while in the [[Bay of Finland]]. The fire was put out by the crew, but the ship was delayed by three hours. In February 1971 she had to ber docked at the [[Eriksbergs varv]] in [[Gothenburg]], Sweden due to a metal worker's strike in Finland. On 3 April 1972 the a tanker truck capsized on the car deck during a heavy storm outside the [[Hiiumaa]] lighthouse, crushing four cars.<ref name=Asklander />
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===1975–1981: Finnlines===
[[Enso-Gutzeit]], the owner of Finnlines, took over the ''Finlandia'' from Finland Steamship Company on 16 June 1975, ceding [[MS Finncarrier|''Finncarrier'']] to Finland SS Co in exchange. Apart from being painted in Finnlines' livery, the ''Finlandia'' continued without changes—she retained her old name, her old homeport and her old route, with a call at Copenhagen in addition to Helsinki and Travemünde<ref name=Pietikainen /><ref name=Boyle /> (Finnlines' ''Finnhansa'' in comparison called at [[Nynäshamn]], Sweden instead of Copenhagen).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.faktaomfartyg.
While in the port of Travemünde on 1 July 1975 a fire broke out in the ''Finlandia''{{'}}s [[galley]]. Before the fire could be controlled, it spread to the [[radio]] cabin and officer's [[mess]]. The galley, radio cabin and mess were all destroyed by the fire, and the ship had to be repaired at [[Kiel]], Germany, before she could proceed with normal service. On 13 September 1975 the ''Finlandia'' rescued seven people from the sinking German [[yacht]] ''Jan II'' south of [[Gedser]], Denmark. Two weeks later the ''Finlandia'' rescued two East German refugees sailing in an [[inflatable boat]], again south of Gedser.<ref name=Asklander />
The new ''Finnjet'' was delivered to Enso-Gutzeit in May 1977, replacing the ''Finlandia'' in the Finland-Germany service.<ref name="Karonen 106" /> As a result, the ''Finlandia'' was chartered to [[TT-Saga Line]] between May and August 1977 for service on the [[Helsingborg]]—[[Malmö]]—Travemünde route. In November 1977 the ''Finlandia'' returned to service with Finnlines as a freighter on the Helsinki—Copenhagen—[[Lübeck]] service for duration of eight weeks.<ref name=Asklander /> After this she remained laid up until the summer season of 1978, when she returned to service on the Finland—Germany run.<ref name="Karonen 106" />
Finnlines projected that they would need to retain the ''Finlandia'' as a second ship on the Finland—Germany run during the high season, but needed an alternate use for her during the rest of the year. The company had operated [[MS Finnpartner (1973)|''Finnpartner'']] and [[MS Bore Star|''Bore Star'']] as [[cruise ship]]s with limited success during the winters between 1973 and 1977. Now the decision was made to convert the ''Finlandia''{{'}}s interiors into cruise ship standards, while partially retaining her car deck.<ref name=Pietikainen /><ref name="Karonen 106" /> Following rebuilding at Wärtsilä's Turku shipyard the ship was renamed ''Finnstar'' and re-entered service on 8 January 1979 with a cruise on the west coast of Africa.<ref name=Asklander /><ref name="Karonen 106" /> During the winter season she made cruises on the African coast for Finnlines, during the spring and autumn she cruised on the [[Mediterranean]] and [[Norwegian fjords]] under [[Chartering (shipping)|charter]] to [[Hapag-Lloyd Cruises]], and during the summer she was used by Finnlines as a ferry on the Helsinki—[[Slite]]—Copenhagen run, as well as on cruises from Helsinki to [[Leningrad]], Slite and [[Tallinn]]. On 19 November 1979 she became the first Finnish-flagged cruise ship to cross the Equator.<ref name=Asklander />
Like Finnlines' previous attempts to enter the cruise business, the ''Finnstar'' proved to be largely unsuccessful. She was relatively small vessel, unable to cater to the expectations of the international market. Her operational costs were also notably higher than those of her main competitors.<ref name="Karonen 106" /> Her West African cruises were too high-class to be sold at a reasonable price on the small Finnish cruise market. An additional factor was the competition from ''Finnstar''{{'}}s former fleetmate ''Ilmatar'' that was used on similar cruises aimed at the Finnish market by [[Silja Line]].<ref name=Malmberg /> The ''Finnstar''{{'}}s prospect were further worsened in 1980, when crewing costs increased following the [[Finnish Maritime Strike of 1980]]. As a result of the increasing losses generated by the ship, Finnlines decided to give up their cruise traffic in 1980. The ''Finnstar''{{'}}s last cruise terminated in [[Barcelona]] on 12 September 1980. Subsequently, she sailed to [[Toulon]], France, where she was laid up on 14 September 1980 and placed for sale.<ref name=Pietikainen /><ref name=Asklander />
===1981–1994: Pearl Cruises===
The ''Finnstar'' remained laid up at Toulon until 27 May 1981, when she was sold to [[Loke Shipping]], a joint venture between the Norway-based [[I.M. Skaugen]] and [[J. Lauritzen A/S]] shipping companies, who planned to use the ship for cruising out of [[Hong Kong]] and [[Singapore]]. Temporarily renamed ''Innstar'', the ship sailed for Toulon to [[Ålborg]] where she was rebuilt into a cruise ship by [[Aalborg Vaerft]]. The ship was delivered following the reconstruction in April 1982, renamed ''Pearl of Scandinavia'' and reregistered in the Bahamas. She sailed to Hong Kong, embarking on 14-, 28- and 42
On 1 September 1983 I.M. Skaugen withdrew from the Pearl Cruises of Scandinavia venture, leaving J. Lauritzen as the sole owner of the ''Pearl of Scandinavia''. This change of ownership had no effect on her service. In April 1987 Pearl Cruises of Scandinavia were sold to [[2000 Corporation]].<ref name=Pietikainen /> Despite the fact the 2000 Corporation already owned another cruise line, [[Ocean Cruise Lines]], the Pearl Cruises of Scandinavia brand was retained for the ''Pearl of Scandinavia'', although the company name was simplified to simply [[Pearl Cruises]].<ref name=Boyle />
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In February 1994 the ''Ocean Pearl''{{'}}s marketing was taken over by Croisières Paquet. She was renamed ''Pearl'' and reregistered in France, but continued cruising in the Asian market until 14 September 1995.<ref name=Asklander /><ref name=Boyle />
[[Image:Costa Playa.jpg|thumb|left|''Costa Playa'' at sea.]]▼
===1995–1998: Costa Cruises===
▲[[Image:Costa Playa.jpg|thumb|left|300px|''Costa Playa'' at sea.]]
The Italy-based [[Costa Cruises]] had absorbed Croisières Paquet in 1994. As a result of this the ''Pearl'' was withdrawn from Croisières Paquet service
===1998–2000: Mega Wave International and Costa Cruises===
The ''Costa Playa'' was withdrawn from service with Costa Cruises in January 1998. She was sold to the Hong
===2000-2009: Eurasia International===
{{other ships|Golden Princess (ship)}}
In November 2000 the ''Joy Wave'' was sold to [[Eurasia International]], another Hong Kong-based company, who refitted her as the [[casino]] cruise ship ''Golden Princess''. The ''Golden Princess'' entered service on casino cruises out of Hong Kong in November 2000.<ref name=Asklander /><ref name=Boyle /> In July 2009, her owners sold her to China for scrapping.<ref name=Asklander />▼
▲In November 2000 the ''Joy Wave'' was sold to [[Eurasia International]], another Hong
==Design==
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===Interior design===
The ''Finlandia''{{'}}s original interiors were designed by famous artists and architects such as [[Jonas
=== Decks and facilities ===
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==== As ''Finlandia'', 1967 ====
▲* [[Movie theater|Cinema]]/[[auditorium]], [[sauna]], [[swimming pool]], engine room
== References ==
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{{Costa Cruises}}
{{Hapag-Lloyd Cruises}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Golden Princess (2000)}}
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[[Category:Cruise ships]]
[[Category:Ferries of Finland]]
[[Category:Ships built in
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