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{{Short description|City in Punjab, Pakistan}}
{{Use Pakistani English|date=April 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Hasan Abdal
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| timezone1 = [[Pakistan Standard Time|PST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Hasan Abdal''' ([[Punjabi language|Punjabi]],; {{lang-langx|ur|{{Nastaliq|حسَن ابدال}}}}), is a city in the [[Attock District]] of [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab Province]] in [[Pakistan]],. locatedLocated 40 km northwest of the country's capital city, [[Islamabad]]., Hassan Abdal is the headquarterheadquarters of Hasan Abdal [[Tehsil]] (sub-district).
 
As home of the [[Gurdwara Panja Sahib]],<ref name=Panja>{{cite web|url=http://allaboutsikhs.com/gurudwaras/gop-012.htm|archive-date=26 April 2006|title=Gurudwara Panja Sahib|website=All About Sikhs website|access-date=23 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060426190308/http://allaboutsikhs.com/gurudwaras/gop-012.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> one of the most sacred sites in [[Sikhism]], Hasan Abdal is an important pilgrimage destination for Sikhs. The city is also notable for its association with the 16th century [[Mughal Emperor]] [[Akbar]] - several monuments in the town date to the Akbar period, including the [[Mughal Garden Wah|Mughal Gardens of Wah]], [[Hakimon ka Maqbara]], and the [[Tomb of Lala Rukh]]. Hasan Abdal is also near the city of [[Taxila]] – a [[UNESCO World Heritage Site]] famous for its Ancient Indian university eraancient [[Hindu]] and [[Buddhist]] ruins.
 
==Location==
Hasan Abdal is located innear anorthern strategic[[Punjab]]'s partboundary of northernwith [[PunjabKhyber Pakhtunkhwa]], and was the location from which Mughal war expeditions were sent to the northwestern frontier.<ref name="The Moghul Saint of Insanity">{{cite book|last1=Moon|first1=Farzana|title=The Moghul Saint of Insanity|date=2015|publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing|isbn=9781443883429|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_o_WCgAAQBAJ&q=%22hasan+abdal%22&pg=PA66|access-date=2 June 2017}}</ref> In modern times, Hasan Abdal lies at the intersection of the [[Karakoram Highway]], and the [[M1 motorway (Pakistan)|M1 Motorway]]. As part of the multibillion-dollar [[China-Pakistan Economic Corridor]] (CPEC), the Hasan Abdal area will serve as the terminus for CPEC's [[Western Alignment]],<ref name="dailytimes.com.pk">{{cite news|title=China to finance 90% of Sukkur-Multan Motorway|url=httphttps://dailytimes.com.pk/pakistan/12-May-16/china-to-finance-90-of-sukkur-multan-motorway|access-date=1323 MayApril 20162023|agencynewspaper=Daily Times (newspaper)|date=12 May 2016|agency=Associated Press of Pakistan}}</ref> while the [[Hakla–Dera Ismail Khan Motorway]] will commence at Hasan Abdal.
 
==History==
[[File:Hakimon ka Maqbara 03.JPG|thumb|upright|Hasan Abdal's [[Hakimon ka Maqbara]] was built in 1589.]]
[[File:Lalarukh Tomb 01.JPG|thumb|The [[Tomb of Lala Rukh]] was built in the 17th century, and is traditionally believed to be the tomb of a daughter of the Emperor [[Akbar]].]]
The famous Chinese traveler [[Xuanzang]] who visited the place in the 7th century A.D. mentions the sacred spring of Elapatra about 70 [[Li (unit)|li]] to the northwest of [[Taxila (modern)|Taxila]] which has been identified as the spring at of [[Gurdwara Panja Sahib]].<ref name="earlyEnglishTraveller">{{cite book|last1=Prasad|first1=Ram Chandra|title=Early English Travellers in India: A Study in the Travel Literature of the Elizabethan and Jacobean Periods with Particular Reference to India (pages 224 and 377)|date=1980|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=9788120824652|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4nUx8ZzIHBsC&q=%22hasan+abdal%22&pg=PA224|access-date=2 June 2017}}</ref>
The town is mentioned in [[Ain-i-Akbari]] in the context that Shams al-Din built himself a [[Vault (architecture)|vault]] there in which lies Hakim Abu’l Fath lies buried. [[Akbar]]’s visit to the town on his way back from [[Kashmir]] is also mentioned.
 
William Finch who travelled through India between 1608 and 1611 describesdescribed Hasan Abdal to be a "pleasant town with a small river and many fair tanks in which are many fishes with golden rings in their noses ...; the water so clear that you may see a penny in the bottom".<ref name="earlyEnglishTraveller">[https://books.google.com/books?id=4nUx8ZzIHBsC&pg=PA224&dq=%22hasan+abdal%22&as_brr=3&hl=de&sig=Z5_20CBS92CyBclJnBAb6JKoT_w#PPA224,M1 Early English Travellers in India by Ram Chandra Prasad]</ref>
 
The town was the seat for Mughal warring expeditions to the empire's northwest frontier.<ref name="The Moghul Saint of Insanity"/> The Mughal emperor [[Jehangir]] mentions the town in his [[Tuzk-e-Jahangiri]] this town by the name of Baba Hasan Abdal where he stayed for three days. He also praisespraised the city in these words: "The celebrated place at this station is a spring which flows from the foot of a little hill, exceedingly clear, sweet and nice...".<ref name="earlyEnglishTraveller" /> Hasan Abdal was visited by various Mughal kings on their way to [[Kashmir region|Kashmir]].<ref name="Hist">[http://www.tourism.gov.pk/archaeoilogical_historical_sites_isb_destinations.htm Archaeological & Historical Sites -Pakistan government]</ref>
 
The origin of the name Hasan Abdal is attributed to two men, a Gujjar named Hasan and a Faqir named Abdal, according to folk history. Abdal requested some milk from the Gujjar, who had many buffaloes. As Hasan did so freely, Abdal expressed his gratitude and asked what he could do for him, on which Hasan replied that they were much strained for water. Abdal then struck the neighbouring hills in two places from which sprang the two streams of Hasan Abdal.<ref>{{cite book |url= https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.443/page/n183/mode/2up?q=gujratia| page=159 |author= Ali Shahamat |date=1883 |title= The Sikhs and Afghans (1883) }}</ref>
[[Raja Man Singh]] built the nearby [[Mughal Garden Wah|Wah Gardens]] during the reign of [[Akbar]]. The terraced gardens were divided into four parts.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Asher|first1=Catherine Blansha|title=Architecture of Mughal India, Part 1, Volume 4|date=1992|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521267281|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ctLNvx68hIC&q=%22hasan+abdal%22+mughal&pg=PA81|access-date=2 June 2017}}</ref> [[Shah Jahan]] rested at Hasan Abdal's Wah Gardens on his four expeditions to [[Kabul]]. Emperor [[Aurangzeb]] stayed at the for over a year beginning in 1674,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gandhi|first1=Surjit Singh|title=History of Sikh Gurus Retold: 1606-1708 C.E|date=2007|publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist|isbn=9788126908585|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vZFBp89UInUC&q=%22hasan+abdal%22&pg=PA683|access-date=2 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Roads Beyond Lahore: The Wah Garden at Hasan Abdal|url=http://www.mughalgardens.org/html/roads-wah.html|website=Mughal Gardens|access-date=2 June 2017}}</ref> in order to quell the "[[Afridi]] Revolt".<ref name="The Moghul Saint of Insanity"/> The presence of Emperor Aurangzeb at the gardens convinced many local [[Pashtun tribes]] to abandon the rebellion, and join forces with the Mughals.<ref name="The Moghul Saint of Insanity"/>▼
 
▲[[Raja Man Singh]] built the nearby [[Mughal Garden Wah|Wah Gardens]] during the reign of [[Akbar]]. The terraced gardens were divided into four parts.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Asher|first1=Catherine Blansha|title=Architecture of Mughal India, Part 1, Volume 4|date=1992|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521267281|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ctLNvx68hIC&q=%22hasan+abdal%22+mughal&pg=PA81|access-date=2 June 2017}}</ref> [[Shah Jahan]] rested at Hasan Abdal's Wah Gardens on his four expeditions to [[Kabul]]. Emperor [[Aurangzeb]] stayed at the town for over a year beginning in 1674,<ref name=GoogleBooks>{{cite book|last1=Gandhi|first1=Surjit Singh|title=History of Sikh Gurus Retold: 1606-1708 C.E|date=2007|publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist|isbn=9788126908585|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vZFBp89UInUC&q=%22hasan+abdal%22&pg=PA683|access-date=2 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Roads Beyond Lahore: The Wah Garden at Hasan Abdal|url=httphttps://www.mughalgardens.org/html/roads-wah.html|website=Mughal Gardens|access-date=223 JuneApril 20172023}}</ref> in order to quell the "[[Afridi]] Revolt".<ref name="The Moghul Saint of Insanity"/> The presence of Emperor Aurangzeb at the gardens convinced many local [[Pashtun tribes]] to abandon the rebellion, and join forces with the Mughals.<ref name="The Moghul Saint of Insanity"/>
===Muslim Tradition===
{{unreferenced section|date=December 2020}}
"The Muslim version of the story is that one Hasan, a [[Gujjar]], had many buffaloes; that a Faqir named Abdal came and asked him for a draught of milk. Hasan said, I would gladly give you some, but my buffaloes are at present dry. Abdal laid his hand on one of them and said, "Now milk it." He did so, and soon gave him a copious draught. Abdal expressed his gratitude to Hasan, and asked what he could do for him. Hasan replied that they were much straitened for want of water, on which Abdal struck the neighbouring hills in two places, from which the two streams of Hasan Abdal have come forth. On the departure of the Faqir, Hasan said the spot should hereafter be called after them jointly".
 
==Gurdwara==
In 1521 the founder of the Sikh faith, [[Guru Nanak]], arrived in Hasan Abdal,. aA [[Gurdwara Panja Sahib|Gurudwara called Panja Sahib]] was built on the spot that he stayed containing a sacred rock that is believed to contain the hand print of Guru Nanak.<ref name="Hist"/> Punja or panja ({{lang-langx|pa|{{Nastaliq|پنجہ}}}} <small>([[Shahmukhi]])</small>; ਪੰਜਾ <small>([[Gurmukhi]])</small>) :hand or paw. There are different traditions about the origin of the Hand print.<ref name=Panja/>
 
==Infrastructure==
Hasan Abdal is located near the intersection of the [[Karakoram Highway]] heading northwest, and the [[M1 motorway (Pakistan)|M1 Motorway]] that connects Hassan Abdal to points northwest and southeast. As part of the multibillion-dollar [[China–Pakistan Economic Corridor]] (CPEC), the Karakoram Highway will be rebuilt, while the Hasan Abdal area will serve as the terminus for CPEC's [[Western Alignment]].<ref name="dailytimes.com.pk"/> From the nearby village of Hakla, the [[Hakla–Dera Ismail Khan Motorway]] will run southwest out of the city and link Hassan Abdal to [[Dera Ismail Khan]] in [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]] province.
 
==Health and medical care==
There is a Tehsil Headquarters Hospital and numerous privately owned clinics in and around the city. Despite the exponential growth in population, the health care facilities are extremely insufficient. Many hospitals are located nearby [[Wah Cantonment]] or in [[Rawalpindi]].
 
==Education==
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===Cadet College, Hasan Abdal===
[[Cadet College Hasan Abdal]] is the first [[Cadet Colleges in Pakistan|Cadet College]] in [[Pakistan]] and was established by the government of [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]] at the initiative of General [[Ayub Khan|Muhammad Ayub Khan]], the then [[Commander-in-Chief]] of the [[Pakistan Army]], originally to serve as a feeder institution to the Services Academies. For this purpose, Military Wings were started in 1952 in [[Government Post Graduate College Sahiwal|Government College]], [[Sahiwal]], and [[Islamia College (Peshawar)|Islamia College]], [[Peshawar]]. On the completion of buildings at the present location, the Military Wings were shifted to Hasan Abdal and the Cadet College started functioning as Punjab Cadet College in April 1954. In 1960, the government constituted a Board of Governors to exercise administrative control over the college.
[[Hugh Catchpole]] (1907-1997) was the founder Principal of the College. According to his will he was buried at Cadet College Hasan Abdal. He served at Cadet College Hasan Abdal for 4 years then he joined [[PAF Public School Sargodha]] as founder principal.
 
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasan_Abdal"