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{{Sangam literature}}
{{italic}}
'''''Ciṟupāṇāṟṟuppaṭai''''' ({{
▲'''''Ciṟupāṇāṟṟuppaṭai''''' ({{lang-ta|சிறுபாணாற்றுப்படை}}, ''lit.'' "guide for bards with the small lute") is an ancient [[Tamil language|Tamil]] poem, likely the last composed in the ''Pattuppattu'' anthology of the [[Sangam literature]].{{sfn|Kamil Zvelebil|1973|pp=29, 61–64}} It contains 296 lines in the ''akaval'' meter.{{sfn|Kamil Zvelebil|1973|pp=61–64}}{{refn|group=note|According to other scholars such as Chelliah, the poem has 352 lines.{{sfn|JV Chelliah|1946|pp=161}}}} It is one of five ''arruppatai'' genre poems and was a guide to other bards seeking a patron for their art. The main hero honored in the poem is Nalliyakkotan, but the poem reverentially mentions an additional seven minor chieftains and three kings. The poem is dated to sometime between the late 3rd century CE and 5th century CE by Kamil Zvelebil – a Tamil literature scholar.{{sfn|Kamil Zvelebil|1974|p=20}}{{sfn|Kamil Zvelebil|1973|p=42–43 Chart 4}}
The ''Ciṟupāṇāṟṟuppaṭai'' poem, also referred to as '''''Sirupanattrupadai''''',{{sfn|JV Chelliah|1946|p=141}} is named after ''sirupanar'' – a class of minstrels who sang their bards while playing a small ''yal'' (''[[yazh]]'', lute).{{sfn|Kamil Zvelebil|1973|pp=61-64}} The poem's subject is a band of bards and their womenfolk who meet the author, and he guides them in the form of this poem.{{sfn|JV Chelliah|1946|pp=141–142}} The guidance mentions a series of cities and villages the troupe must pass through on their journey to the Nalliyakkotan's palace. In this list are included Maturai – the capital of Pandyas, Uranthai – the capital of Cholas, and Vanci – the capital of Cheras.{{sfn|JV Chelliah|1946|pp=141–142}} Other coastal and inland towns are also mentioned, including Eyilpattinam and [[Vellore|Velur]].{{sfn|JV Chelliah|1946|p=142}}
==Content==
The relatively short poem is a condensed guide and source of information about society and culture of several ancient kingdoms and different rulers.{{sfn|
{{Quote|
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Similarly striking is the poet's detailed painting of a woman's body with words in lines 14–40, with ''antati'' phrases some of which are also found in earlier Sangam poems.{{sfn|Kamil Zvelebil|1973|p=64}}{{sfn|JV Chelliah|1946|pp=141–142}}
This poem uses "the sun being orbited by planets" as an analogy in the lines below displaying the [[heliocentric]] understanding of the planetary system by [[Tamil people]] circa. 3rd century CE.
The poem mentions a treatise on food named after Bhima, one of the Pandava brothers in the epic ''[[Mahabharata]]''.{{sfn|JV Chelliah|1946|pp=142–143}} The description that follows includes both vegetarian and non-vegetarian food.{{sfn|JV Chelliah|1946|pp=142–143}} Brahmin villages are mentioned, as is the worship of Murugan.{{sfn|JV Chelliah|1946|pp=142–144}} The ''Sirupanattrupadai'' deploys a garland of similes, a Tamil poetic technique called ''malaiyuvamai''.{{sfn|JV Chelliah|1946|pp=143–144}} The poem is an important guide to ancient music traditions among Tamil people, states Venkata Subramanyam.<ref>{{cite journal| title= Rational and Social Foundations of Music and Dance of Early Tamils First to Fourth C.| author = T.K. Venkata Subramanyam| journal= Proceedings of the Indian History Congress| volume=59 | year= 1998| jstor= 44146990}}</ref>▼
{{Quote|
<poem>
Figuring what you like, he will
serve you unlimited quantities
of desired foods with hospitality,
in golden bowls that shine in a
way that disrespects the blazing,
tender-rayed sun surrounded by
planets, in the shining, bright sky.
</poem>
|''Cirupanarruppatai 242–245'', Translator: Vaidehi Herbert<ref name="helio">{{cite web |last1=Herbert |first1=Vaidehi |title=Sirupaanatrupadai |url=https://learnsangamtamil.com/sirupaanatrupadai/ |website=Learn Sangam Tamil|date=2 December 2010 }}</ref>}}
▲The poem mentions a treatise on food named after Bhima, one of the Pandava brothers in the epic ''[[Mahabharata]]''.{{sfn|JV Chelliah|1946|pp=142–143}} The description that follows includes both vegetarian and non-vegetarian food.{{sfn|JV Chelliah|1946|pp=142–143}} Brahmin villages are mentioned, as is the worship of Murugan.{{sfn|JV Chelliah|1946|pp=142–144}} The ''Sirupanattrupadai'' deploys a garland of similes, a Tamil poetic technique called ''malaiyuvamai''.{{sfn|JV Chelliah|1946|pp=143–144}} The poem is an important guide to ancient music traditions among Tamil people, states Venkata Subramanyam.<ref>{{cite journal| title= Rational and Social Foundations of Music and Dance of Early Tamils First to Fourth C.| author = T.K. Venkata Subramanyam| journal= Proceedings of the Indian History Congress| volume=59 | year= 1998| pages = 186–199| jstor= 44146990}}</ref>
==See also==
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===Bibliography===
{{ref begin|30em}}
*{{cite book|author= JV Chelliah|title= Pattupattu - Ten Tamil Idylls (Tamil Verses with Englilsh Translation)| year= 1946|url = https://archive.org/details/
* {{cite book| title= Pattuppattu with a commentary by Naccinarkkiniyar
* {{cite book|author=Shu HikoSaka|title=Tamil poetry through the ages, 2. Pattuppattu: Ten idylls|oclc= 633702288|year= 2000|publisher= Institute of Asian Studies}}
* {{cite book |author=Edward Jewitt Robinson |title=Tamil Wisdom: Traditions Concerning Hindu Sages and Selections from Their Writings |year=2001 |publisher=Asian Educational Services |location = New Delhi}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Perumpanattrupadai}}
{{Tamil language}}
[[Category:Sangam literature]]
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