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{{Infobox Turkey place
| name = Kastamonu▼
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| image_skyline = A Walk in the Canyon.jpg
| image_caption = [[Küre Mountains National Park|Horma Canyon]]
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| map_caption = Location of the province within Turkey
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|leader_title=[[Governor of Kastamonu|Governor]]| elevation_m =
| population_footnotes = <ref name=tuik/>
| population_total = 378115
| population_as_of = 2022
| website = {{url|http://www.kastamonu.gov.tr/}}
}}
'''Kastamonu Province''' ({{langx|tr|{{italics correction|Kastamonu ili}}}}) is a [[Provinces of Turkey|province]] of Turkey, in the [[Black Sea Region, Turkey|Black Sea region]] in the north of the country. It is surrounded by [[Sinop Province|Sinop]] to the east, [[Bartın Province|Bartın]], [[Karabük Province|Karabük]] to the west, [[Çankırı Province|Çankırı]] to the south, [[Çorum province|Çorum]] to the southeast and the [[Black Sea]] to the north. Its area is 13,064 km<sup>2</sup>,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.harita.gov.tr/uploads/files-folder/il_ilce_alanlari.xlsx|title=İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri|publisher=General Directorate of Mapping|access-date=19 September 2023}}</ref> and its population is 378,115 (2022).<ref name=tuik>{{Cite web |title=Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports|url=https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en |access-date=19 September 2023|publisher=[[TÜİK]]|language=en|format=XLS}}</ref> The population density is 29 inhabitants per km<sup>2</sup>. The provincial capital [[Kastamonu]] has a population of 128,707 (2022).<ref name=tuik/>
==Districts==
[[File:Kastamonu location districts.png|320px|thumb|left]]
Kastamonu province is divided into 20 [[Districts of Turkey|districts]] (capital district in '''bold'''):
{{columns-list|
* [[Abana District|Abana]]
* [[
* [[Araç District|Araç]]
* [[Azdavay District|Azdavay]]
* [[Bozkurt District, Kastamonu|Bozkurt]]▼
* [[Çatalzeytin District|Çatalzeytin]]
▲*[[Bozkurt, Kastamonu|Bozkurt]]
* [[
* [[Daday District|Daday]]
* [[Devrekani District|Devrekani]]▼
* [[Doğanyurt District|Doğanyurt]]▼
▲*[[Devrekani]]
* [[Hanönü District|Hanönü]]▼
▲*[[Doğanyurt]]
* [[İhsangazi District|İhsangazi]]▼
* [[İnebolu District|İnebolu]]▼
▲*[[Hanönü]]
* '''[[Kastamonu District|Kastamonu]]'''
▲*[[İhsangazi]]
▲*[[İnebolu]]
*
* [[Şenpazar District|Şenpazar]]▼
▲*[[Küre, Kastamonu|Küre]]
* [[Seydiler District|Seydiler]]▼
▲*[[Şenpazar]]
* [[Tosya District|Tosya]]
▲*[[Seydiler]]
▲*[[Taşköprü, Kastamonu|Taşköprü]]
}}
{{clear left}}
==History==
[[File:Kastamonu_Cumhuriyet_Meydanı_Anıt.JPG|thumb|Kastamonu Republic Monument]]
It is not definitively known when Kastamonu was first founded. However, some sources{{which|date=July 2013}} dating back to the Early [[Middle Ages]] refer to the province. There are also some archeological findings that date to about 100,000{{Citation needed|date=March 2007}} years that suggest the region was inhabited at that time.
There are many ideas about the derivation of the name Kastamonu:
According to the first view, it should be considered that the name Kastamonu is Turkishized from the name [[Paphlagonia|Paphlagonía]][Greek "land of Paphlagon (people)"]. The region covering the [[West Black Sea Region (statistical)|West Black Sea]] and Central Black Sea regions was called Paphlagonia before the [[Turkic peoples|Turks]]. Today, Kastamonu, [[Sinop, Turkey|Sinop]], [[Bartın]], [[Çankırı]] and [[Karabük]] are located in this region, while parts of [[Çorum]], [[Bolu]], [[Zonguldak]] and [[Samsun]] provinces remain within the region. The Paphlagonians, who dominated this region in 1000 BC, gave their name to this geography.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Nijman |first=Jan |title=Geography: Realms, Regions, and Concepts |date=2020 |publisher=Wiley |isbn=978-1119607410 |edition=20.}}</ref>
With the weakening of the [[Macedon]] kings, the [[Paphlagonia]] and [[Bithynia]] regions were engulfed by the newly formed [[Pontus]] kingdom. After the fall of the Pontus kingdom in first century BC, the area was incorporated by the [[Roman Empire]] by joining Paphlagonia with Bithynia. The capital center of this new city-state was [[Pompeiopolis]], of which the remains still stand near [[Tasköprü]] District in Kastamonu.▼
According to a second opinion, the city of Kastamonu took its name from the name Kastama, which was used for the same region in the [[Hittites|Hittite]] period. The name Kastama turned into Kastamonu over time.<ref>Ahmet Ünal, Hititler Devrinde Anadolu Cilt 2, syf. 54</ref>
The region then fell under the hegemony of the [[Seljuq Turks|Seljuq]] dynasty (11th century [[Common Era|CE]]), followed by the [[Danishmend]]s, the [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]]s during the [[crusade]]s, Çobanoğlu and [[Jandarids|Jandarid]] [[Anatolian beyliks|beyliks]]. The [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] sultan [[Beyazid I]] conquered the province in 1392; however, following his capture and death in [[Battle of Ankara]], the area was granted back to the Çandaroğlu by the [[Mongol]] warlord [[Timur Lenk]]. Ottoman sultan [[Mehmed II]] incorporated the region back into the empire in 1461.▼
According to another view, the city of Kastamonu took its name from the combination of the words Gas and Tumanna. Gas, or better known as Kashkas, are among the first settlers of Kastamonu. Tumanna is the name of a city/region located on Kastamonu at that time. The combination of these two words took the form of Kastamonu over time.<ref>Talat Mümtaz Yaman, Kastamonu Tarihi, syf. 175</ref>
During the Ottoman reign, the province boundaries were expanded up to reach [[Constantinople]]. The sultan's heirs were often sent to rule the province as governors to gain experience.▼
According to a third opinion, the city of Kastamonu took its name from the combination of the words Kastra and Komnen. The word Kastra means "castle" in Latin. The Komnens are a [[List of Roman dynasties|Byzantine Dynasty]] and the settlers of this region during the Byzantine period. These two words took the form of Kastamonu over time.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived Copy |url=http://www.kastamonukultur.gov.tr/TR-63806/tarihce.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180930193226/http://www.kastamonukultur.gov.tr/TR-63806/tarihce.html |archive-date=30 September 2018}}</ref>
After the [[First World War]], during the battles of the [[Turkish War of Independence]], Kastamonu played an important role in the supply of ammunition and troops to the [[İnebolu]]–[[Ankara]] front, transporting the war machines that would arrive to İnebolu by sea from [[Istanbul]] (Constantinople) and the [[Soviet Union|Soviets]]. When the [[Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922)|Greeks]] noticed this activity, the İnebolu port was bombarded from the sea on 9 June 1921.▼
▲With the weakening of the [[Macedon]] kings, the [[Paphlagonia]] and [[Bithynia]] regions were engulfed by the newly formed [[Kingdom of Pontus|Pontus]] kingdom. After the fall of the Pontus kingdom in first century BC, the area was incorporated by the [[Roman Empire]] by joining Paphlagonia with Bithynia. The capital center of this new city-state was [[Pompeiopolis]], of which the remains still stand near [[Taşköprü, Kastamonu|Tasköprü]] District in Kastamonu.
[[File:
▲The region then fell under the hegemony of the [[Seljuq Turks|Seljuq]] dynasty (11th century
▲During the Ottoman reign, the province boundaries were expanded up to reach [[Constantinople]]. The sultan's heirs were often sent to rule the province as governors to gain experience.
The province is mostly covered with forests, thanks to the mild Black Sea climate. [[Ilgaz National Park]], where a micro-climate dominates due to the mountainous terrain and numerous streams, is 63 km south of the province center of Kastamonu. There is also a ski center with accommodation facilities located near the park.▼
[[Ilgaz Mountain]] (highest peak 2587 m) dominates the south of the province where hiking and [[whitewater rafting]] is possible at the [[Ilgaz Stream]]. The [[Ilgarini cave]] at [[Cide]], the Alinca underground cave at [[Küre, Kastamonu|Küre]] and the [[International Equestrian Tourism Center]] of [[Daday]] are other notable attractions.▼
▲After the [[First World War]], during the battles of the [[Turkish War of Independence]], Kastamonu played an important role in the supply of ammunition and troops to the [[İnebolu]]–[[Ankara]] front, transporting the war machines that would arrive to İnebolu by sea from [[Istanbul]] (Constantinople) and the [[Soviet Union|Soviets]]. When the [[Greco-Turkish War (
== Geography ==
[[File:
▲The province is mostly covered with forests, thanks to the mild Black Sea climate. [[Mount Ilgaz National Park|Ilgaz National Park]], where a micro-climate dominates due to the mountainous terrain and numerous streams, is 63 km south of the province center of Kastamonu
▲[[Ilgaz Mountains|Ilgaz Mountain]] (highest peak 2587 m) dominates the south of the province where hiking and [[whitewater rafting]] is possible at the [[Ilgaz Stream]]
== Economy ==
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*In a research conducted in the province, 812 different food are identified that are specific to the region.
*The provincial soccer team Kastamonuspor competes in the Bank Asya 1st League (1st National Soccer League).
*The founder of the Turkish republic, [[Atatürk]]
==References==
{{reflist
== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* {{
* {{
* {{
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080513140009/http://karalahana.com/karalahana/karadeniz/sehir_rehberi/kastamonu_travel_guide.html Kastamonu culture & travel guide]
* [http://www.pbase.com/dosseman/kastamonu Pictures of the capital of Kastamonu province – with a link to the Kasaba village gallery]
* [http://www.realitytravelguide.com/europe/turkey/Kastamonu/index.html Kastamonu Travel & Tourism Information]
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[[Category:Kastamonu Province|
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