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'''Prestwich''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|p|r|ɛ|s|t|w|ɪ|tʃ}} {{respell|PREST|witch}}) is a town in the [[Metropolitan Borough of Bury]], [[Greater Manchester]], England,<ref name="GM Gazetteer">{{cite web|url=http://www.gmcro.co.uk/Guides/Gazeteer/gazzo2r.htm |title=Greater Manchester Gazetteer |publisher=Greater Manchester County Record Office |access-date=20 June 2007 |at=Places names – O to R |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718144358/http://www.gmcro.co.uk/Guides/Gazeteer/gazzo2r.htm |archive-date=18 July 2011 }}</ref> {{convert|3|mi|km|
Within the boundaries of the [[Historic counties of England|historic county]] of [[Lancashire]], Prestwich was the seat of the ancient parish of [[Prestwich-cum-Oldham]], centred around the [[Grade I listed buildings in Greater Manchester|Grade I listed]] [[Church of St Mary the Virgin, Prestwich|Church of St Mary the Virgin]]. In recent times, it has grown in popularity as a commuter town of Manchester,
The oldest part of Prestwich, around Bury New Road, is known as Prestwich Village. There is a large Jewish community in Prestwich which, together with neighbouring [[Whitefield, Greater Manchester| Whitefield]], [[Broughton, Greater Manchester|Broughton]] and [[Crumpsall]], makes up the second largest Jewish community in the UK outside London.
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[[File:The Church Inn, Prestwich.jpg|thumb|left|The Church Inn (formerly the Ostrich Inn) next to St Mary's Church]]
[[File:Prestwich Village.jpg|thumb|left|The White Horse (left) and the Railway and Naturalist (right), Prestwich Village]]
Bury New Road roughly follows the line of a [[Roman Empire|Roman]] road connecting forts at ''[[Mamucium]]'' ([[Manchester]]) and ''[[Bremetennacum]]'' ([[Ribchester]]). It is possible that a Roman fort or encampment was built at "Castle Hill", near the [[Salford, Greater Manchester|Salford]] border, mirroring an encampment on Rainsough Hill equidistant from the Roman road.<ref>[
</ref> The camp was "just to the right of the old road to Bury, immediately beyond Singleton Brook, on the first field in the Parish of Prestwich, which was formerly known as Lowcaster". Roman coins have been found off Bury New Road, near Prestwich Golf Course and some in [[Prestwich Clough]].
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Historically, Prestwich was the [[ecclesiastical]] centre of [[Prestwich-cum-Oldham]] an [[civil parish|ancient parish]] in the [[Salford (hundred)|Salford Hundred]] of [[Lancashire]].<ref name=tde>{{Cite journal |last=Lewis |first=Samuel|title=Prestwich|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=51224#s1|journal=A Topographical Dictionary of England |publisher=British History Online |pages=175–179|year=1848 |access-date=30 November 2010}}</ref><ref>[http://www.mancuniensis.info/Maps/salfh_xs.pdf Map of the ten parishes of the Hundred of Salford] retrieved 2 November 2007</ref> A Prestwich [[Poor Law Union]] was established in 1850, and later merged with the Manchester one in 1915 before being abolished in 1930.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Workhouse in Prestwich, Lancashire |url=https://www.workhouses.org.uk/Prestwich/ |website=The Workhouse |access-date=12 January 2024}}</ref>
In 1867 the Prestwich Local Board of Health was established which, as a result of the [[Local Government Act 1894]], became Prestwich [[Urban district (Great Britain and Ireland)|Urban District]], to which parts of Great and Little Heaton townships were added. In 1903, Heaton Park was added to the City of Manchester, and in 1933, part of the urban district west of the Irwell was added to Swinton and Pendlebury Urban District. Prestwich became a [[municipal borough]] in 1939, with the council based at [[Prestwich Town Hall]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Bid to save old town hall |url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/6024446.bid-save-old-town-hall/ |access-date=6 March 2024 |work=Lancashire Telegraph |date=19 June 2001}}</ref> Under the [[Local Government Act 1972]] it became an [[unparished area]] in the [[Metropolitan Borough of Bury]] in Greater Manchester,<ref name="GM Gazetteer"/> taking effect on 1 April 1974.
==Geography==
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[[File:Prestwich Clough near M60.jpg|right|thumb|One of the trails to Mere Clough]]
In 1906 {{convert|9|acre|ha|abbr=off|spell=in}} of land were given to the Prestwich Urban District Council by William Gardner, a further {{convert|13|acre|ha|abbr=off|spell=in}} were purchased and the "sylvan and beautiful" Prestwich Clough was opened to the public as a place of recreation.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.prestwichandwhitefieldguide.co.uk/news/prestwich_history/lookingback/4762095.___Sylvan____view_of_the_Clough_in_1908/|title=Looking back:'Sylvan' view of the Clough in 1908|last=pratt|first=Ian|date=26 November 2009|work=Prestwich and Whitefield Guide|publisher=Newsquest Media Group|access-date=3 January 2010}}</ref>
Prestwich Forest Park consists of {{Convert|200|ha|
Much of the area of the park was industrialised during the 18th and 19th centuries but has been reclaimed with extensive woodlands, reservoirs and grasslands. While this area has become a haven for wildlife, there are still remnants of the area's industrial past. Philips Park has been designated as a [[Local Nature Reserve]] (LNR) and Prestwich Clough as a [[Site of Biological Importance]] (SBI) due to the important contribution they make to the wildlife heritage of [[Greater Manchester]]. The [[Irwell Sculpture Trail]], the Irwell Valley Way and a [[National Cycle Route]] all pass through the park. The "Friends of Prestwich Forest Park" and the [[BTCV]] co-ordinate volunteer activities and events such as the Prestwich Clough Centenary Celebrations.<ref>[http://upcoming.yahoo.com/event/176936/ Prestwich Clough Day 2007] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516122805/http://upcoming.yahoo.com/event/176936/ |date=16 May 2007 }} Retrieved 26 October 2007</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prestwichclough.co.uk/|title=Prestwich Clough Centenary Committee <!-- Bot generated title -->|website=prestwichclough.co.uk|access-date=5 April 2018}}</ref> The renovated Philips Park Barn which has become a major [[Environmental science|environmental]] education and countryside centre for the borough and is used by a number of local groups .<ref>[http://www.bury.gov.uk/Environment/Planning/PlanningProjects/CountrysideAndWildlife/PrestwichFP.htm Prestwich Forest Park] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020092030/http://www.bury.gov.uk/Environment/Planning/PlanningProjects/CountrysideAndWildlife/PrestwichFP.htm |date=20 October 2007 }} Retrieved 26 October 2007</ref>
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[[Category:Towns in Greater Manchester]]
[[Category:Unparished areas in Greater Manchester]]
[[Category:Former civil parishes in Greater Manchester]]
[[Category:Geography of the Metropolitan Borough of Bury]]
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