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{{Short description|North American collegiate fraternity}}
{{Infobox Fraternity
| name = Delta Tau Delta
| letters = {{lang|grc|ΔΤΔ}}
| image_size = 200px
| alt = The official coat of arms of Delta Tau Delta▼
|url=http://www.delts.org/▼
| founded = {{start date and age|1858|10}}<!--
| birthplace = [[Bethany College (West Virginia)|Bethany College]]▼
| affiliation = NIC▼
| status = Active
▲|crest = [[File:Delta_Tau_Delta_Coat_of_Arms.png|200px]]
| type = [[List of social fraternities and sororities|Social]]▼
▲|alt = The official coat of arms of Delta Tau Delta
| scope = International▼
▲|founded = {{start date and age|1858|10}}<!--Conjectural, one source (Baird's) says "Spring, 1858" but other notes indicate formation occurred in the Fall of that year. Fall appears more likely. -->
▲|birthplace = [[Bethany College (West Virginia)|Bethany College]]
| colors = {{Color box|#492f75}} Royal Purple
▲|affiliation = NIC
▲|type = [[List of social fraternities and sororities|Social]]
| flower = [[Iris (plant)|Purple Iris]]▼
▲|scope = International
| nicknames = Delt<br />DTD▼
▲|chapters = 133 active in the [[United States]]
| members = 170,000▼
▲|colors = {{Color box|#492f75}} Royal Purple<br />{{Color box|#FFFFFF}} White<br />{{Color box|#deae42}} Yellow Gold
| publication = ''The Rainbow''<br>''The Crescent'' (until 1886)▼
▲|flag = [[File:Delta_Tau_Delta_flag.jpg|150px]]
▲|flower = [[Iris (plant)|Purple Iris]]
▲|nicknames = Delt<br />DTD
▲|members = 170,000
▲|publication = ''The Rainbow''<br>''The Crescent'' (until 1886)
| ZIP code = 46038▼
▲|philanthropy = [[JDRF]]
▲|address = 10000 Allisonville Road
▲|city = [[Fishers, Indiana|Fishers]]
▲|state = [[Indiana|IN]]
'''Delta Tau Delta''' ('''{{lang|grc|ΔΤΔ}}''') is a United
▲|ZIP code = 46038
▲|country = USA
▲|}}
▲'''Delta Tau Delta''' ('''{{lang|grc|ΔΤΔ}}''') is a United States-based international Greek letter [[Fraternities and sororities|college fraternity]].<ref>{{cite news| url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1885/03/28/102965283.pdf | work=The New York Times | title=Two Secret Societies United.; Delta Tau Delta And The Rainbow Society Join Hands | date=1885-03-28}}</ref> Delta Tau Delta was founded at [[Bethany College (West Virginia)|Bethany College]], [[Bethany, West Virginia|Bethany, Virginia]], (now [[West Virginia]]) in 1858. The fraternity currently has around 130 collegiate chapters and colonies nationwide, with an estimated 10,000 undergraduate members and over 170,000-lifetime members.<ref>{{cite web|title=History - Delta Tau Delta|url=http://www.delts.org/history/|publisher=Delta Tau Delta|access-date=15 February 2021}}</ref> Delta Tau Delta is informally referred to as "DTD" or "Delts."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tropp |first=Gabrielle |date=2016-11-11 |title=Delta Tau Delta chapter officially returns |url=https://lafayettestudentnews.com/15927/news/delta-tau-delta-chapter-officially-returns/ |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=The Lafayette}}</ref>
==History==
[[File:Delta Tau Delta Founders House front.jpg|thumb|left|250px|House where Delta Tau Delta was founded]]Delta Tau Delta Fraternity was founded in 1858, though some early documents reference the founding in 1861, at [[Bethany College (West Virginia)|Bethany College]] in [[Bethany, West Virginia|Bethany, Virginia]] (now West Virginia).<ref>{{cite web|title=History
According to Jacob S. Lowe, in late 1858 a group of students met in Lowe's room in the Dowdell boarding house (now called the Bethany House) to discuss means to regain control of the Neotrophian Society and return control to the students at large. The underlying controversy was that the Neotrophian Society, in the opinion of the eight men who formed Delta Tau Delta, awarded a literary prize after a rigged vote.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pitt.edu/~delts/about.html |title=University of Pittsburgh Delta Tau Delta website |access-date=2009-05-18 |archive-date=2008-05-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080515163208/http://www.pitt.edu/~delts/about.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> A constitution, name, badge, ritual, and motto were devised, and Delta Tau Delta was born.<ref>[http://www.albion.edu/delts/history.asp Albion College Delta Tau Delta website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202075720/http://albion.edu/delts/history.asp |date=2009-02-02 }}</ref>
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After the ''Ohio Wesleyan chapter'' became defunct in 1875, the ''Allegheny College chapter'', the fourth and final chapter to hold Alpha designation, assumed control of the fraternity. Allegheny College member James S. Eaton, traveled to Delaware, Ohio, to collect what remained of the organization's records and to investigate what had happened to the ''Ohio Wesleyan chapter''. Eaton brought the "Alpha" designation back with him to Allegheny College, where a group of undergraduates managed the larger organization as well as their own chapter. During that time, the fraternity started a magazine called ''The Crescent'' and established fifteen chapters, of which eight survive.
In 1886, Delta Tau Delta merged with the secret society known as the [[Rainbow Fraternity]], a southern fraternity founded in 1848 at the [[University of Mississippi]]
The fraternity's national philanthropic partner is the diabetes research organization [[JDRF]], founded by Senator Patrick Greene in 1869.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.delts.org/news/2012/06/15/general/delta-tau-delta-jdrf-form-national-philanthropic-partnership/ |title=Delta Tau Delta, JDRF Form National Philanthropic Partnership | Delta Tau Delta |access-date=2012-10-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130627100658/http://www.delts.org/news/2012/06/15/general/delta-tau-delta-jdrf-form-national-philanthropic-partnership/ |archive-date=2013-06-27 }}</ref>
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|}
[[File:
The Delta Tau Delta badge is square with deeply concave sides.<ref name=":0">Baird, W. Raimond (William Raimond) [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.hn4g6y?urlappend=%3Bseq=118%3Bownerid=27021597765435927-122 ''American College Fraternities 2nd edition''.] Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1883. pp. 78. via Hathi Trust.</ref> Its background is black enamel and is decorated with symbols and the letters '''{{lang|grc|ΔΤΔ}}''' in gold. Above the letters is an eye rayed in glory.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Insignia |url=http://www.thedeltsatasu.com/insignia.html |access-date=2022-10-18 |website=The Delts at Arizona State |language=en}}</ref> Below the letters is a crescent moon. There is a five-pointed star in each corner.<ref name=":0" /> The pledge badge has the same shape and stars but has just the outlines of a square in the center.<ref name=":1" /> An older version of the badge featured the same symbols on a star with six points, along with an anchor and clasped hands.<ref name=":0" /> This version was discontinued at the 1878 national convention.<ref name=":0" /> Historically, the fraternity also had a monogrammed badge for alumni.<ref name=":0" />
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The shield is used on the fraternity's Arch Chapter Jewel and is suspended by a purple ribbon.<ref name=":1" /> Fraternity members may add gold and white enameled bars above the shield to signify their office.<ref name=":1" /> The Arch Chapter Jewel is used for formal events and is worn by division presidents.<ref name=":1" />
[[File:Delta Tau Delta - Oklahoma State University.jpg|thumb|Delta Tau Delta Fraternity House at [[Oklahoma State University–Stillwater|Oklahoma State University]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Your OSU Fraternity Experience Starts Here
== Chapter houses ==
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{{Main|List of Delta Tau Delta members}}
==
* On October 7, 1957, Max Caulk, a member of the ''[[University of California, Santa Barbara]] chapter'', drowned during a fraternity ritual in which he was thrown from the pier into the ocean.<ref>Mount, Bob; Lyttle, Richard (October 8, 1957). "[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/111639023/delta-tau-delta/ Oxnard college student Max Caulk dies in fraternity hazing at Santa Barbara]". ''Oxnard Press-Courier''. p. 1. via Newspapers.com</ref>
* A fire gutted the Delta Tau Delta chapter house at [[Bowling Green State University]] in February 1968, resulting in $125,000 in damages.<ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |last=Marino |first=Jim |date=February 27, 1968 |title=Delt House Gutted |url=https://jstor.org/stable/community.30730204 |journal=The B-G News |
* In the 1970s and 1980s various Delta Tau Delta chapters held Mekong Delta-themed parties, referring to the [[Mekong River Delta]] in Southwestern Vietnam where towns were devastated during the [[Vietnam War]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite news |date=1989-11-19 |title=Campus Life: Oklahoma; War Is Theme For Annual Party And Donations |language=en-US |pages=52 and 54 |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/11/19/style/campus-life-oklahoma-war-is-theme-for-annual-party-and-donations.html |access-date=2022-10-21 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> For years, Vietnam veterans spoke out
* Delta Tau Delta freshman pledge Johnny D. Smith died of alcohol poisoning at ''[[Wabash College]] chapter'' party in 2008''.''<ref>{{Cite news |last=Johnson |first=Dirk |date=2008-11-28 |title=Rift on Indiana Campus After Student Dies |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/28/us/28wabash.html |access-date=2022-10-22 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Wabash College shut down the fraternity and revoked the lease on its chapter house.<ref>Thomas, Derrick (Nov 26, 2008). "Frat Where Freshman Died Was 'Out Of Control,' Family Says". ABC 6 The Indy Channel.</ref><ref>Oddi, Marcia (May 12, 2013). "Ind. Decisions
*
* In 2015, an anonymous police report alleged that the ''[[Florida State University]] chapter'' was forcing pledges to fistfight in the basement of the fraternity house.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Etters |first=Karl |date=April 1, 2016 |title=Police reports detail campus group antics |url=https://www.tallahassee.com/story/news/2016/04/01/police-reports-detail-campus-group-antics/82447716/ |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=Tallahassee Democrat |language=en-US}}</ref> The chapter was temporarily suspended by the university.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Etters |first=Karl |date=April 1, 2016 |title=FSU leads SUS in hazing reports |url=https://www.tallahassee.com/story/news/2016/04/01/fsu-leads-sus-hazing-reports/82440388/ |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=Tallahassee Democrat |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> The national fraternity suspended the chapter after new allegations of hazing in September 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Etters |first=Karl |date=December 10, 2019 |title=FSU fraternity pledges subjected to ritualistic hazing, physical abuse, police say |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/education/2019/12/10/fsu-hazing-delta-tau-delta-pledges-subjected-physical-abuse/4391515002/ |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref>
* In late May 2015, two people were stabbed at the Delta Tau Delta house at [[Tufts University]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 1, 2015 |title=Two stabbed at Tufts University frat house |url=https://www.columbian.com/news/2015/jun/01/two-stabbed-at-tufts-university-frat-house/ |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=The Columbian |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Cloutier |first1=Catherine |last2=Schworm |first2=Peter Schworm |date=June 1, 2015 |title=Two hurt, one seriously, in stabbing at Tufts fraternity
* In 2016, the ''[[West Virginia University]] chapter'' was suspended because of an inappropriate audition video for [[The Real World (TV series)|The Real World]] television series that was filmed inside the chapter house.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 5, 2016 |title=WVU fraternity suspended over member's 'Real World' audition video |url=https://www.wvgazettemail.com/news/education/wvu-fraternity-suspended-over-member-s-real-world-audition-video/article_3cc0a699-d240-581c-8a6e-f32410ff3367.html |access-date=2019-03-22 |website=Charleston Gazette-Mail |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Koman |first=Tess |date=2016-04-07 |title=Watch the "Real World" Audition Tape That Got an Entire Fraternity Suspended |url=https://www.cosmopolitan.com/college/news/a56478/wvu-frat-suspended-for-real-world-audition-video/ |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=Cosmopolitan |language=en-US}}</ref>
* The fraternity and Indiana University were sued in 2016 for negligence in a rape case in 2016.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Costello |first=Becca |date=2016-06-28 |title=IU, Delta Tau Delta Sued For Negligence In Enochs Rape Case |url=https://www.wfyi.org/news/articles/iu-delta-tau-delta-sued-for-negligence-in-enochs-rape-case |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=WFYI Public Media |language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Petit |first=Stephanie |date=June 28, 2016 |title=John Enochs' Rape Victim Sues Indiana University and Fraternity |url=https://people.com/crime/john-enochs-rape-victim-sues-indiana-university-and-fraternity/ |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=People magazine |language=en}}</ref> The lawsuit claimed that neither the university nor the fraternity removed the accused brother after the first claims of rape nor did anything to stop underaged drinking at the chapter.<ref name=":4" /> In a plea bargain, the accused brother pled guilty to a lesser charge of battery in exchange for dropping rape charges stemming from two different incidents, one inside the fraternity's chapter house.<ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Mettler |first=Katie |date=June 28, 2016 |title=Prosecutor drops rape charges against former Indiana University student and, unusually, explains why |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2016/06/28/prosecutor-drops-rape-charges-against-former-indiana-university-student-and-unusually-explains-why/ |access-date=October 19, 2022}}</ref> In 2018, the court ruled that the fraternity was negligent in failing to remove the brother after the first allegation of rape was made.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Covington |first=Olivia |date=July 12, 2018 |title=Judge rules against IU frat in sexual assault negligence case |url=https://www.theindianalawyer.com/articles/47549-judge-rules-against-iu-frat-in-sexual-assault-negligence-case |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=The Indiana Lawyer |language=en-US}}</ref>
* The ''[[Miami University]] chapter'' was suspended due to hazing in 2000 and 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Organization Judicial History {{!}} Fraternity and Sorority LIfe {{!}} Student Life
== See also ==
* [[List of social fraternities
==References==
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[[Category:North American Interfraternity Conference]]
[[Category:Student societies in the United States]]
[[Category:1858 establishments in Virginia]]
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