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{{Infobox rockunit
| name = Ilek Formation
| image =
| caption = Shestakovo
| type = [[Geological formation]]
| age = [[Lower Cretaceous]],<br>[[Barremian]]–[[Aptian]]
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==Age==
[[File:Шестаково-3.jpg|left|thumb|Shestakovo 3 locality|228x228px]]
The Ilek Formation conformably overlies the [[Upper Jurassic]] [[Tyazhin Formation]].<ref name="Golovneva2010"/> Gastropods and bivalves of [[Valanginian]] age have been recovered from the lower part of the formation, and gastropods and bivalves of [[Hauterivian]] to [[Barremian]] age have been found in the upper part, as well as Barremian [[ostracods]]. The age of the Shestakovo 1 locality is poorly constrained.<ref name="Averianov2018"/>
[[Palynological]] samples from the Shestakovo 3 locality are characteristic of the [[Aptian]]. No [[angiosperm]] pollen has been found at this locality, indicating that it is older than the [[Albian]].<ref name="Bugdaeva2017"/> The upper layers of the formation do contain angiosperm pollen, indicating that part of the formation may extend into the Albian. The overlying Kiya Formation is upper Albian based on plant biostratigraphy.<ref name="Golovneva2010"/>
== Fauna ==
Line 52 ⟶ 53:
|+[[Amphibians]] reported from the Ilek Formation
|-
!
! Species
! Locality
! Material
Line 58 ⟶ 60:
! Images
|-
|''[[Kiyatriton
|''K. leshchinskiyi''<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Skutschas |first=P. P. |date=2014 |title=''Kiyatriton leshchinskiyi'' Averianov et Voronkevich, 2001, a crown-group salamander from the Lower Cretaceous of Western Siberia, Russia |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195667114001062 |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=51 |pages=88–94 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2014.05.014 |bibcode=2014CrRes..51...88S |issn=0195-6671}}</ref>
|
* {{nobr|Shestakovo 1}}
|[[Atlas (anatomy)|Atlas]], trunk vertebrae, fragmentary dentaries, femora, humerus, and nearly complete ilium
|A [[Crown group|crown-group]] [[salamander]]
|
|-
|''[[Kuzbassia]]''
|''K. sola''<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Skutschas |first1=P. |last2=Kolchanov |first2=V. |last3=Anpilogova |first3=E. |last4=Parakhin |first4=I. |last5=Averianov |first5=A. |last6=Jones |first6=M. |year=2023 |title=The last of them? A new relic karaurid stem salamander from the Lower Cretaceous of Western Siberia, Russia |journal=Biological Communications |volume=68 |issue=4 |pages=219–226 |doi=10.21638/spbu03.2023.402 }}</ref>
|
* Shestakovo 1
|Two atlantal centra and a trunk vertebral centrum
|A [[Karauridae|karaurid]]
|
|}
Line 69 ⟶ 81:
|+[[Mammaliamorph]]s reported from the Ilek Formation
|-
!
! Species
! Locality
! Material
Line 75 ⟶ 88:
! Images
|-
|''[[Acinacodus]]''
|''A. tagaricus''<ref>A. V. Lopatin; E. N. Maschenko & A. O. Averianov (2010). "A new genus of triconodont mammals from the Early Cretaceous of Western Siberia". Doklady Biological Sciences. 433 (1): 282–285. [[doi:10.1134/S0012496610040137]].</ref>
|
|Right dentary fragment
Line 81 ⟶ 95:
|
|-
|''[[Baidabatyr]]''
|''B. clivosus''<ref>Alexander Averianov; Alexey Lopatin; Pavel Skutschas; Stepan Ivantsov; Elizaveta Boitsova; Ivan Kuzmin (2017). "An enigmatic multituberculate mammal from the Early Cretaceous of Siberia, Russia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 37 (2): e1293070. [[doi:10.1080/02724634.2017.1293070]].</ref>
|
* Bol'shoi Kemchug 3
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|
|-
|rowspan = "2"|''[[Gobiconodon
|''G. borissiaki''<ref>Trofimov, B. A. (1978). "The first triconodonts (Mammalia, Triconodonta) from Mongolia". Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR. 243 (1): 213–216.</ref> |
|21 upper and lower jaws.
|rowspan = "2"|A [[gobiconodont]]
|rowspan = "2"|
|-
|''
|
|A fragmentary lower jaw.
|-
|''[[Kemchugia
|''K. magna''<ref name="Averianov2005"/> |
|A tooth
Line 106 ⟶ 121:
|
|-
|''[[Kiyatherium
|''K. cardiodens''<ref>E. N. Maschenko and A. V. Lopatin. 2002. A new Early Cretaceous mammal from Western Siberia. Doklady Biological Sciences 386:475-477</ref> |
|A maxilla
Line 112 ⟶ 128:
|
|-
|''[[Sibirotherium]]''
|''S. rossicum''<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Lopatin |first1=A. V. |last2=Averianov |first2=A. O. |last3=Ivantsov |first3=S. V. |last4=Kuzmin |first4=I. T. |last5=Skutschas |first5=P. P. |date=2023-07-19 |title=An Upper Molar of a Docodontan (Docodonta, Mammaliaformes) from the Lower Cretaceous of Western Siberia |url=https://link.springer.com/10.1134/S1028334X23601128 |journal=Doklady Earth Sciences |volume=512 |issue=1 |pages=871–873 |language=en |doi=10.1134/S1028334X23601128 |bibcode=2023DokES.512..871L |issn=1028-334X}}</ref>
|
* Bol'shoi Kemchug 4
|M1 tooth;<ref name=":0" /> mandibular fragments<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Maschenko |first1=E. N. |last2=Lopatin |first2=A. V. |last3=Voronkevich |first3=A. V. |year=2002 |title=A new genus of the tegotheriid docodonts (Docodonta, Tegotheriidae) from the Early Cretaceous of West Siberia |url=http://zmmu.msu.ru/rjt/articles/article.php?volume=1&issue=2&pages=75-81 |journal=Russian Journal of Theriology |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=75–81 |doi=10.15298/rusjtheriol.01.2.01 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
|A [[Docodonta|docodontan]] mammaliaform
|
|-
|''[[Xenocretosuchus]]''
|''X. sibiricus''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=254183|title=Fossilworks: Stereognathus|access-date=2021-12-17|archive-date=2021-12-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213081447/http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=254183|url-status=live}}</ref>
|
|Dental elements
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|
|-
|''[[Yermakia]]''
|''
|
* Shestakovo
|A mandible
|A [[tinodontid]] mammal
|
|}
Line 138 ⟶ 156:
|+ [[Choristoderes]] reported from the Ilek Formation
|-
!
! Species
! Locality
! Material
Line 144 ⟶ 163:
! Images
|-
| style="white-space: nowrap;" | cf. ''[[Khurendukhosaurus]]''<ref name="Skutschas2017"/>
|''K.'' cf. sp
|
* Bol'shoi Kemchug 3
| Dorsal vertebra, sacral vertebra
| A non-neochoristodere choristodere
|
|-
| colspan="2" style="white-space: nowrap;" | "Shestakovo choristodere"<ref name="Skutschas2017"/>
|
* Shestakovo
* Bol'shoi Kemchug 3
* Bol'shaya Terekhtul' 2
| Fragmentary dentaries, several vertebrae, rib fragments
| A possible [[neochoristodere]]
|
|-
| Choristodera<ref
|Indeterminate
|
* Smolenskii Yar
| Cervical centrum
|
|}
Line 172 ⟶ 192:
|+[[Lizard]]s reported from the Ilek Formation
|-
!
! Species
! Locality
! Material
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! Images
|-
|[[Paramacellodidae]]
|Indeterminate<ref name="Ivantsov2024"/>
|
* Kemchug assemblage
* Kiya assemblage
|
|
|
|-
|[[Platynota]]
| Indeterminate<ref name="Ivantsov2024"/>
|
*
|
|
|
|-
|[[Xenosauridae]]
| Indeterminate<ref name="Ivantsov2024"/>
|
* Kemchug assemblage
* Kiya assemblage
|
|A [[knob-scaled lizard]]
Line 197 ⟶ 230:
|+[[Turtle]]s reported from the Ilek Formation
|-
!
! Species
! Locality
! Material
Line 204 ⟶ 238:
|-
|''[[Kirgizemys]]''
|
|
|
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|+[[Crocodylomorph]]s reported from the Ilek Formation
|-
!
! Species
! Locality
! Material
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! Images
|-
|''[[Kyasuchus]]''
| ''K. saevi''<ref>Efimov, M. B. and Leshchinskiy, S. V. (2000). First finding of the fossil crocodile skull in Siberia [in Russian]. In: Komarov, A. V., ed., Materialy regional’noj konferencii geologov Sibiri, Dal’nego Vostoka i Severo−Vostoka Rossii. Tom II, 361–363. GalaPress, Tomsk.</ref>
|
* Shestakovo 3
|A partial skull
|A [[shartegosuchid]] [[crocodyliform]]
|
|-
|''[[Tagarosuchus]]''
| |
* Shestakovo 3
|Nearly complete skull
|A [[crocodyliform]]
Line 238 ⟶ 277:
|+ [[Pterosaur]]s reported from the Ilek Formation
|-
!
! Species
! Locality
! Material
Line 244 ⟶ 284:
! Image
|-
|?[[Ctenochasmatidae]]
| Indeterminate<ref name="Averianov2005"/>
|
* Bol'shoi Kemchug 3
|
|
|
|-
| ''[[Lonchognathosaurus]]''
|''L.'' cf. sp.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Averianov |first1=Alexander O. |last2=Ivantsov |first2=Stepan V. |last3=Leshchinskiy |first3=Sergey V. |last4=Skutschas |first4=Pavel P. |date=2022-09-01 |title=First pterosaur bone from the Lower Cretaceous of Siberia, Russia |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195667122000945 |journal=Cretaceous Research |language=en |volume=137 |pages=105230 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105230 |bibcode=2022CrRes.13705230A |s2cid=248136173 |issn=0195-6671}}</ref>
|
* Novochernorechensk
| Wing metacarpal fragment
| A [[dsungaripterid]]
|
|-
|[[Ornithocheiridae]]
|Indeterminate<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Skutschas |first=P. |date=2006 |title=Mesozoic amphibians from Siberia, Russia |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285315220 |journal=9th International Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems and Biota, Abstracts and Proceedings Volume |pages=123–126}}</ref>
|
* Shestakovo 1
|
|
|
|-
|[[Pterodactyloidea]]
|Indeterminate<ref name="Averianov2005"/>
|
* Bol'shoi Kemchug 3
|
|
|
|}
=== Dinosaurs ===
==== Sauropodomorphs ====
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|+[[Sauropodomorpha|Sauropodomorphs]] reported from the Ilek Formation
|-
!
! Species
! Locality
! Material
Line 309 ⟶ 329:
! Images
|-
| style="white-space: nowrap;" |[[Lithostrotia]]
|Indeterminate<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Alexander O. Averianov |author2=Stepan V. Ivantsov |author3=Pavel P. Skutschas |year=2020 |title=Caudal vertebrae of titanosaurian sauropod dinosaurs from the Lower Cretaceous Ilek Formation in Western Siberia, Russia |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=107 |pages=Article 104309 |bibcode=2020CrRes.10704309A |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2019.104309 |s2cid=210619334}}</ref>
|
|Caudal vertebrae
|Potentially three distinct taxa of [[titanosaur]]
|
|-
|''[[Sibirotitan
|''S. astrosacralis''<ref name="Averianov2018" />
|
* Shestakovo
* Shestakovo
|Vertebrae, sacrum, and pedal elements
|A [[somphospondylan]] sauropod
|[[File:Sibirotitan model.jpg|center|
|}
==== Ornithischians ====
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|+[[Ornithischia]]ns reported from the Ilek Formation
|-
!
! Species
! Locality
! Material
Line 333 ⟶ 357:
! Images
|-
|[[Ornithischia]]
|Indeterminate<ref name="Ivantsov2024"/> |
* Shestakovo
* Bol'shoi Kemchug 3
|Isolated teeth
Line 341 ⟶ 366:
|
|-
|''[[Psittacosaurus]]''
|''P. sibiricus''<ref>Averianov, Alexander O.; Voronkevich, Alexei V.; Leshchinskiy, Sergei V.; Fayngertz, Alexei V. (2006). "A ceratopsian dinosaur ''Psittacosaurus sibiricus'' from the Early Cretaceous of West Siberia, Russia and its phylogenetic relationships". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 4 (4): 359–395. [[doi:10.1017/s1477201906001933]].</ref>
|
* Shestakovo
|Several skeletons
|A [[ceratopsia]]n
|[[File:Psittacosaurus sibiricus.png|center|
|-
|[[Stegosauria]]
|Indeterminate<ref name="Averianov2005" /> |
* Bol'shoi Kemchug 3
Line 354 ⟶ 381:
|
|
|}
==== Theropods ====
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|+[[Theropoda|Theropods]] reported from the Ilek Formation
|-
! Genus
! Species
! Locality
! Material
! Notes
! Images
|-
|''[[Evgenavis]]''
|''E. nobilis''<ref>O'Connor, JL; Averianov, AO; Zelenkov, NV (2014). "A confuciusornithiform (Aves, Pygostylia)-like tarsometatarsus from the Early Cretaceous of Siberia and a discussion of the evolution of avian hind". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34 (3): 647–656. [[doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.828734]].</ref>
|
|A set of limb elements
|A [[confuciusornithiform]]
|[[File:Evgenavis tarsometatarsus.png|center|115px]]
|-
|''[[Kiyacursor]]''
|''K. longipes''<ref name="Kiyacursor">{{cite journal |last1=Averianov |first1=A. O. |last2=Skutschas |first2=P. P. |last3=Atuchin |first3=A. A. |last4=Slobodin |first4=D. A. |last5=Feofanova |first5=O. A. |last6=Vladimirova |first6=O. N. |year=2024 |title=The last ceratosaur of Asia: a new noasaurid from the Early Cretaceous Great Siberian Refugium |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |volume=291 |issue=2023 |at=20240537 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2024.0537 }}</ref>
|
* {{nobr|Shestakovo 1}}
|Partial skeleton including [[Cervical vertebrae|cervical]] and [[caudal vertebrae]], cervical and dorsal [[rib]]s, a left [[scapulocoracoid]], [[humeri]], and much of both hind limbs<ref name="Kiyacursor" />
|A [[noasaurid]] [[theropod]]
|[[File:Kiyacursor PM (white bg).png|center|160px]]
|-
|[[Paraves]]
|Indeterminate<ref name="Averianov2019" />
|
|Teeth
| May belong to either [[Microraptorinae]] or [[Troodontidae]]
|
|-
|''[[Mystiornis]]''
|''M. cyrili''<ref>Evgeny N. Kurochkin; Nikita V. Zelenkov; Alexandr O. Averianov; Sergei V. Leshchinskiy (2011). "A new taxon of birds (Aves) from the Early Cretaceous of Western Siberia, Russia". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 9 (1): 109–117. [[doi:10.1080/14772019.2010.522202]].</ref>
|
* {{nobr|Shestakovo 1}}
|Isolated metatarsus
|An [[avisaurid]] [[enantiornithean]]
|[[File:Mystiornis.png|center|115px]]
|-
|[[Paraves]]
|Indeterminate<ref name="Averianov2019" />
|
|Teeth
| May belong to either [[Microraptorinae]] or [[Troodontidae]]
|
|-
|[[Tyrannosauroidea]]
|Indeterminate<ref name="Averianov2019"/>
|
|Teeth
|
|
|-
| ''[[Urbacodon]]''
|''U.'' cf. sp.<ref name="Averianov2019"/>
|
| Teeth
| A troodontid with unserrated teeth
|}
Line 369 ⟶ 457:
|pages = 271
|chapter = Илекская свита
|publisher = Рипол Классик
|isbn = 9785458366533
|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ad_9AgAAQBAJ&q=свита&pg=PA271
}}</ref>
<ref name="Averianov2004">{{cite journal |last1=Averianov |first1=A. O. |last2=Leshchinskiy |first2=S. V. |last3=Skutschas |first3=P. P. |last4=Fayngertz |first4=A. V. |last5=Rezvyi |first5=A. S. |date=2004 |title=Dinosaurs from the Early Cretaceous Ilek Formation in West Siberia, Russia |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
<ref name="Averianov2005">{{cite journal |last1=Averianov |first1=A. O. |last2=Skutschas |first2=P. P. |last3=Lopatin |first3=A. V. |last4=Leshchinskiy |first4=S. V. |last5=Rezvyi |first5=A. S. |last6=Fayngerts |first6=A. V. |title=Early Cretaceous mammals from Bol'shoi Kemchug 3 locality in West Siberia, Russia |journal=Russian Journal of Theriology |date=2005 |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=1–12 |doi=10.15298/rusjtheriol.04.1.01 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235806746|doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name="Averianov2018">{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1016/j.geobios.2017.12.004| issn = 0016-6995| volume = 51| issue = 1| pages = 1–14| last1 = Averianov| first1 = Alexander| last2 = Ivantsov| first2 = Stepan| last3 = Skutschas| first3 = Pavel| last4 = Faingertz| first4 = Alexey| last5 = Leshchinskiy| first5 = Sergey| title = A new sauropod dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Ilek Formation, Western Siberia, Russia| journal = Geobios| date = 2018| bibcode = 2018Geobi..51....1A}}</ref>
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