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Importing Wikidata short description: "An instance of macromolecular complex in Homo sapiens with Reactome ID (R-HSA-2454198)" |
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{{Short description|An instance of macromolecular complex in Homo sapiens with Reactome ID (R-HSA-2454198)}}
[[File:FcεRI Receptor.jpg|thumb|300px|The structure of the FcεRI receptor]]
[[File:IgE FcεRI Receptor Signal Cascade.jpg|thumb|
{{Infobox protein
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{{Infobox protein
|Name= [[MS4A2|
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{{Infobox protein
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The '''high-affinity IgE receptor''', also known as '''FcεRI''', or '''Fc epsilon RI''', is the high-[[Affinity (pharmacology)|affinity]] [[receptor (biochemistry)|receptor]] for the [[Fc region]] of [[immunoglobulin E]] (IgE), an [[antibody]] [[Isotype (immunology)|isotype]] involved in
== Tissue distribution ==
FcεRI is found on epidermal [[Langerhans cell]]s, eosinophils, mast cells, and basophils.<ref>{{cite journal |
FcεRI was demonstrated in bronchial/tracheal airway [[smooth muscle cells]] in normal and asthmatic patients. FcεRI cross-linking by IgE and anti-IgE antibodies led to Th2 (IL-4, -5, and -13) cytokines and CCL11/eotaxin-1 chemokine release; and ([Ca2+]i) mobilization, suggesting a likely IgE-FcεRI-ASM (airway [[Muscle_cell#Smooth_muscle_cells|smooth muscle cell]])-mediated link to airway inflammation and [[airway hyperresponsiveness]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Gounni|first1=A.S.|last2=Wellemans|first2=V.|last3=Yang|first3=J.|last4=Bellesort|first4=F.|last5=Kassiri|first5=K.|last6=Gangloff|first6=S.|last7=Guenounou|first7=M.|last8=Halayko|first8=A.J.|last9=Hamid|first9=Q.|last10=Lamkhioued|first10=B.|authorlink8=Andrew Halayko|title=Human airway smooth muscle cells express the high affinity receptor for IgE (Fc epsilon RI): a critical role of Fc epsilon RI in human airway smooth muscle cell function|url=https://www.jimmunol.org/content/175/4/2613|journal=Journal of Immunology|volume=175|issue=4|pages=2613–2621|date=August 15, 2005|pmid=16081836|doi=10.4049/jimmunol.175.4.2613|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Gounni|first=A.S.|title=The high-affinity IgE receptor (FcepsilonRI): a critical regulator of airway smooth muscle cells?|url=https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/ajplung.00005.2006|journal=American Journal of Physiology| date=September 2006|volume=291|issue=3|pages=L312-321|pmid=16581830|doi=10.1152/ajplung.00005.2006}}</ref>
▲FcεRI is found on epidermal [[Langerhans cell]]s, eosinophils, mast cells, and basophils.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Ochiai K, Wang B, Rieger A, Kilgus O, Maurer D, Födinger D, Kinet J, Stingl G, Tomioka H |title=A review on Fc epsilon RI on human epidermal Langerhans cells |series=104 |journal=Int Arch Allergy Immunol |volume=Suppl 1 |issue=1 |pages=63–4 |year=1994 |pmid=8156009}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Prussin C, Metcalfe D |title=5. IgE, mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils |journal=J Allergy Clin Immunol |volume=117 |issue=2 Suppl Mini-Primer |pages=S450–6 |year=2006 |pmid=16455345 |doi=10.1016/j.jaci.2005.11.016}}</ref> As a result of its cellular distribution, this receptor plays a major role in controlling [[allergy|allergic responses]]. FcεRI is also expressed on [[antigen-presenting cell]]s, and controls the production of important immune mediators ([[cytokine]]s, [[interleukin]]s, [[leukotriene]]s, and [[prostaglandin]]s) that promote [[inflammation]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=von Bubnoff D, Novak N, Kraft S, Bieber T |title=The central role of FcepsilonRI in allergy |journal=Clin Exp Dermatol |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=184–7 |year=2003 |pmid=12653710 |doi=10.1046/j.1365-2230.2003.01209.x}}</ref> The most famous mediator is [[histamine]], which results in the five symptoms of inflammation: heat, swelling, pain, redness and itchiness.
== Mechanism of action ==
Crosslinking of the FcεRI via IgE-[[antigen]] complexes leads to degranulation of mast cells or basophils and release of [[inflammation|inflammatory]] mediators.<ref name="pmid14630197">{{cite journal | author = Siraganian RP | title = Mast cell signal transduction from the high-affinity IgE receptor | journal =
== See also ==
▲Crosslinking of the FcεRI via IgE-[[antigen]] complexes leads to degranulation of mast cells or basophils and release of [[inflammation|inflammatory]] mediators.<ref name="pmid14630197">{{cite journal | author = Siraganian RP | title = Mast cell signal transduction from the high-affinity IgE receptor | journal = Curr. Opin. Immunol. | volume = 15 | issue = 6 | pages = 639–46 | year = 2003 | month = December | pmid = 14630197 | doi = 10.1016/j.coi.2003.09.010 | url = | issn = }}</ref> Under laboratory conditions, [[degranulation]] of isolated basophils can also be induced with [[antibodies]] to the FcεRIα, which crosslink the receptor. Such crosslinking and potentially pathogenic [[autoantibodies]] to the FcεRIα have been isolated from human [[cord blood]], which suggest that they occur naturally and are present already at birth. However, their [[epitope]] on FcεRIα was masked by IgE, and the affinity of the corresponding autoantibodies found in healthy adults appeared lowered.<ref name="pmid16272313">{{cite journal | author = Bobrzynski T, Fux M, Vogel M, Stadler MB, Stadler BM, Miescher SM | title = A high-affinity natural autoantibody from human cord blood defines a physiologically relevant epitope on the FcepsilonRIalpha | journal = J. Immunol. | volume = 175 | issue = 10 | pages = 6589–96 | year = 2005 | month = November | pmid = 16272313 | doi = | url = http://www.jimmunol.org/cgi/content/abstract/175/10/6589 | issn = }}</ref>
* [[Omalizumab]]
== References ==
{{
==External links==
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[[Category:
[[Category:Proteins]]
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