Hat-trick (cricket): Difference between revisions

{{short description|SportsTerminology terminologyin cricket for the dismissal of three batsmen from three consecutive balls}}

[[File:Taunton, a hat-trick averted - geograph.org.uk - 3585652.jpg|thumb|285px|[[Somerset County Cricket Club|Somerset]] batsman [[Craig Meschede]] faces a hat-trick ball from [[Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club|Nottinghamshire]]'s [[Luke Fletcher]] during the [[2013 County Championship]].]]

In [[cricket]], a '''hat-trick''' occurs when a bowler takes three [[Dismissal (cricket)|takeswickets]] from three wicketsconsecutive [[Delivery (cricket)|deliveries]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/records/hat-tricks-136977 |work=espncricinfo |title=Records / Test matches / Bowling records / Hat-tricks |access-date=10 June 2024 |quote=A hat-trick is when a bowler takes wickets with three consecutive deliveries}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zv8mvk7 |work=BBC BITESIZE |title=The origins of football jargon |access-date=10 June 2024 |quote=A player gets a hat-trick when they score three goals in one game, but the use of the term actually didn't start on the football pitch. The phrase came from cricket, and was used when a bowler took three wickets from three consecutive balls.}}</ref> The deliveries may be interrupted by an [[over (cricket)|over]] bowled by another bowler from the other end of the [[Cricket pitch|pitch]] or the other team's [[innings]], but must be three consecutive deliveries by the individual bowler in the same match. Only [[wickets#Dismissing a batsman|wickets]] attributed to the bowler count towards a hat-trick; run outs do not count, although they can contribute towards a so-called '''team hat-trick''', which is ostensibly a normal hat-trick except that the three successive deliveries can be wickets from any bowler in the team and with any mode of dismissal.

As of 8November October 20232024, there have been 5464 hat-tricks in [[Twenty20 International|T20Is]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/283738.html|title=Records {{!}} Twenty20 Internationals {{!}} Bowling records {{!}} Hat-tricks |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]]|access-date=814 OctoberApril 20232024}}</ref>

The first Twenty20 hat-trick was taken by [[Brett Lee]] of [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]], playing against Bangladesh in [[Cape Town]] in September 2007.<ref name=":0"/><ref name="BL1st">{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/twenty20wc/engine/match/287866.html |title= 14th Match, Group F, ICC World Twenty20 at Cape Town, Sep 16 2007|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=27 October 2017}}</ref> [[Lasith Malinga]] is the only bowler with multiple T20I hat-tricks. His first hat-trick was achieved against [[Bangladesh national cricket team|Bangladesh]] in 2017<ref name="LM1">{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1083450.html |title= 2nd T20I (N), Bangladesh tour of Sri Lanka at Colombo, Apr 6 2017|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=27 October 2017}}</ref> and his second hat-trick occurred in September 2019 against [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]].<ref name="LM2">{{cite web|url=https://espncricinfo.com/series/19386/commentary/1192877/sri-lanka-vs-new-zealand-3rd-t20i-new-zealand-in-sri-lanka-2019 |title= 3rd T20I (N), New Zealand tour of Sri Lanka at Pallekele, Sep 6 2019|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=6 September 2019}}</ref>

[[Rashid Khan]], [[Lasith Malinga]], [[Curtis Campher]] and [[Jason Holder]] are the only bowlers to take four wickets in four balls in T20Is,. Khan achievingachieved this feat against [[Ireland national cricket team|Ireland]] in February 2019,.<ref name="RK4">{{cite web|title=Full Scorecard of Afghanistan vs Ireland 3rd T20I 2018/19 - Score Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/afghanistan-v-ireland-2018-19-1168107/afghanistan-vs-ireland-3rd-t20i-1168114/full-scorecard|access-date=2021-07-04|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en}}</ref> and Malinga repeatingrepeated the achievement against [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]] in September 2019.<ref>{{cite nameweb|url="LM2"https://espncricinfo.com/series/19386/commentary/1192877/sri-lanka-vs-new-zealand-3rd-t20i-new-zealand-in-sri-lanka-2019 |title= 3rd T20I (N), New Zealand tour of Sri Lanka at Pallekele, Sep 6 2019|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=6 September 2019}}</ref> On 18 October 2021 at the [[2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup]], Campher achieved thethis feat against the Netherlands.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/sports/cricket/ireland-pacer-curtis-campher-becomes-third-bowler-to-take-four-wickets-in-four-balls-in-t20is20211018164521/ |title=Ireland pacer Curtis Campher becomes third bowler to take four wickets in four balls in T20Is |work=ANI News |access-date=18 October 2021}}</ref> On 30 January 2022, Holder achieved this feat [[English cricket team in the West Indies in 2021-22|against England]].<ref name="JH">{{cite web|title=5th T20I (D/N), Bridgetown, Jan 30 2022, England tour of West Indies|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/england-tour-of-west-indies-2021-22-1256716/west-indies-vs-england-5th-t20i-1256724/full-scorecard|access-date=2022-01-30|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.windiescricket.com/news/holder-hero-west-indies-get-amazing-series-win/ |title=Holder the hero as West Indies get amazing series win |work=Cricket West Indies |access-date=31 January 2022}}</ref>

Some hat-tricks are particularly extraordinary. On 2 December 20231988, [[Merv Hughes]], playing for Australia, dismissed [[Curtly Ambrose]] with the last ball of his penultimate over and [[Patrick Patterson (cricketer)|Patrick Patterson]] with the first ball of his next over, wrapping up the West Indies first innings. When Hughes returned to bowl in the West Indies second innings, he trapped [[Gordon Greenidge]] [[leg before wicket|lbw]] with his first ball, completing a hat-trick over two different innings and becoming the only player in [[Test cricket]] history to achieve the three wickets of a hat-trick in three different overs.

[[Albert Trott]] and [[Joginder Rao]] are the only known bowlers credited with ''two'' hat-tricks in the same innings in first-class cricket (double hat-tricks notwithstanding). One of Trott's two hat-tricks, for Middlesex against Somerset at Lords in 1907, was a four in four (i.e. a double hat-trick). Similarly, there are at least two known instances of first-class hat-tricks from two innings in the same match. Amin Lakhani achieved this feat for the Combined XI side against India in Multan in 1979,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-11-07 |title=Mitchell Starc creates history, takes two hat-tricks in same game ahead of Ashes |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/mitchell-starc-creates-history-takes-two-hat-tricks-in-same-game-ahead-of-ashes/story-u6LGDaBgmXveF6HveYKj1J.html |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> while [[Mitchell Starc]]'s hat-tricks occurred in [[2017–18 Sheffield Shield season|2017]] in a [[Sheffield Shield]] clash between [[New South Wales cricket team|New South Wales]] and [[Western Australia cricket team|Western Australia]].<ref>{{Citation |title=Mitchell Starc takes double hat-trick, creates history |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S9NacidK0QI |language=en |access-date=2022-08-27}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Watch Starc's two hat-tricks back-to-back |url=https://www.cricket.com.au/video/mitchell-starc-sheffield-shield-two-hat-tricks-nsw-western-australia-watch-highlights/2017-11-08 |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=cricket.com.au |language=en}}</ref>

This feat was also achieved by Matt Rowe, aged 17, playing for [[Palmerston North Boys' High School]] 1st XI on 22 March 2023 in a match against [[Rotorua Boys' High School]] in [[Tauranga]], New Zealand. Rowe's first delivery of the 'perfect over' netted a catch in the slips, followed by 4 clean-bowled and the 6th [[Leg before wicket|LBW]]. Rowe finished with bowling figures of 9 for 12 and [[PNBHS]] subsequently chased the total of 26 in 2.1 overs.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-23 |title=Schoolboy completes perfect over |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/sport/486525/schoolboy-completes-perfect-over |access-date=2023-03-22 |website=[[RNZ]] |language=en-nz}}</ref>

There are very few cases of a fielder or wicket keeper taking a hat-trick of dismissals off consecutive deliveries in first-class cricket, and none in international cricket. The first such instance is the only known hat-trick of stumpings by a wicket-keeper: W. H. Brain for Gloucestershire against Somerset in 1893, all off the bowling of C. L. Townsend. There has never been a first-class wicket-keeping hat-trick that mixes catches and stumpings, but four other wicket-keepers have taken a hat-trick of catches: KR Meherhomji for Railways vs Freelooters at Secunderabad (the only instance outside England) in 1931, GO Dawkes for Derbyshire vs Worcestershire at Kidderminster in 1958, RC[[Jack Russell (cricketer, born 1963)|Jack Russell]] for Gloucestershire against Surrey at The Oval in 1986, and T Frost for Warwickshire against Surrey at Edgbaston in 2003. (In Russell and Frost's cases, no bowler took a hat-trick, since their catches were taken off different bowlers in successive overs: Meherhomji's and Dawkes's feats were hat-tricks for the bowlers as well, L Ramji and HL Jackson.) There are only two recorded cases of a hat-trick of catches being recorded by a non-wicket-keeper, both of which were also hat-tricks for the bowler as well: GJ Thompson, for Northants against Warwickshire at Edgbaston in 2014 (all off SG Smith), and [[Marcus Trescothick]] for Somerset against Notts in 2018 at Trent Bridge (all off [[Craig Overton]]). Trescothick – though more famous as a batsman and only an occasional bowler – has also taken a hat-trick as a bowler, in 1995 against the Young Australians.