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== Production ==
=== Development ===
[[File:Blade Runner - Ridleyville Map - Version in English and JPEG format.jpg|thumb|alt=Map of Ridleyville|Map of Ridleyville, exterior sets for ''Blade Runner'' located on the New York Street of the [[Warner_Bros._Studios_Burbank|Warner Bros. Studios lot]] ([[Burbank, California]])]]
{{Anchor|Writing|Development}}
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[[Casting (performing arts)|Casting]] the film proved troublesome, particularly for the lead role of Deckard. Screenwriter Hampton Fancher envisioned [[Robert Mitchum]] as Deckard and wrote the character's dialogue with Mitchum in mind.<ref name="DangerousDays">{{citation |title=Dangerous Days: Making ''Blade Runner'' [documentary] |work=Blade Runner: The Final Cut |type=DVD |publisher=[[Warner Bros.]] |year=2007 |orig-year=1982}}</ref> Director Ridley Scott and the film's producers spent months meeting and discussing the role with [[Dustin Hoffman]], who eventually departed over differences in vision.<ref name="DangerousDays" /> Harrison Ford was ultimately chosen for several reasons, including his performance in the ''[[Star Wars]]'' films, Ford's interest in the ''Blade Runner'' story, and discussions with [[Steven Spielberg]] who was finishing ''[[Raiders of the Lost Ark]]'' at the time and strongly praised Ford's work in the film.<ref name="DangerousDays" /> Following his success in those two films, Ford was looking for a role with dramatic depth.<ref name="BladeRunnerNightmare" /> According to production documents, several actors were considered for the role, including [[Gene Hackman]], [[Sean Connery]], [[Jack Nicholson]], [[Paul Newman]], [[Clint Eastwood]], [[Tommy Lee Jones]], [[Arnold Schwarzenegger]], [[Peter Falk]], [[Nick Nolte]], [[Al Pacino]] and [[Burt Reynolds]].<ref name="DangerousDays" /><ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://time.com/3834604/blade-runner-ridley-scott-harrison-ford/ |title=Blade Runner at 30: Celebrating Ridley Scott's Dystopian Vision |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=June 18, 2021|archive-date=September 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210930132246/https://time.com/3834604/blade-runner-ridley-scott-harrison-ford/|url-status=live}}</ref>
''Blade Runner'' used a number of then-lesser-known actors: [[Sean Young]] portrays Rachael, an experimental replicant implanted with the memories of Tyrell's niece, causing her to believe she is human;{{sfn|Sammon|p=92–93}} [[Nina Axelrod]] auditioned for the role.<ref name="DangerousDays" /> Fancher originally wrote the role for his then girlfriend [[Barbara Hershey]].<ref name=vanity>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2017/09/the-battle-for-blade-runner-harrison-ford-ridley-scott |title=The Battle for Blade Runner |magazine=Vanity Fair |last=Schulman |first=Michael |date=September 14, 2017 |access-date=August 9, 2024}}</ref> [[Daryl Hannah]] portrays Pris, a "basic pleasure model" replicant; [[Stacey Nelkin]] auditioned for the role, but was given another part in the film, which was ultimately cut before filming.<ref name="DangerousDays" /> [[Debbie Harry]] turned down the role of Pris.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nme.com/blogs/the-movies-blog/10-things-you-never-knew-about-blade-runner-759354 |title=10 Things You Never Knew About Blade Runner |website=[[NME]] |date=October 5, 2017|access-date=October 8, 2021|archive-date=October 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010002338/https://www.nme.com/blogs/the-movies-blog/10-things-you-never-knew-about-blade-runner-759354|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hollywood.com/general/debbie-harry-my-biggest-regret-is-turning-down-blade-runner-59856599/ |title=Debbie Harry: 'My biggest regret is turning down Blade Runner' |date=June 16, 2014|access-date=October 8, 2021|archive-date=January 9, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180109040050/http://www.hollywood.com/general/debbie-harry-my-biggest-regret-is-turning-down-blade-runner-59856599/|url-status=live}}</ref> Casting Pris and Rachael was challenging, requiring several screen tests with [[Morgan Paull]] playing the role of Deckard. Paull was cast as Deckard's fellow bounty hunter Holden based on his performances in the tests.<ref name="DangerousDays" /> [[Brion James]] portrays Leon Kowalski, a combat and laborer replicant, and [[Joanna Cassidy]] portrays Zhora, an assassin replicant.
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{{Main|Spinner (Blade Runner){{!}}''Spinner'' (Blade Runner)}}
[[File:Spinner3.jpg|thumb|A "spinner" (police variant) on display at [[Disney's Hollywood Studios|Disney-MGM Studios]] in the 1990s]]
"Spinner" is the generic term for the fictional flying cars used in the film. A spinner can be driven as a ground-based vehicle, and take off vertically, hover, and cruise much like [[VTOL|vertical take-off and landing (VTOL)]] aircraft. They are used extensively by the police as [[patrol car]]s, and wealthy people can also acquire spinner licenses.{{sfn|Sammon|p=79–80}} The vehicle was conceived and designed by Syd Mead who described the spinner as an [[Aircraft#Heavier-than-air – aerodynes|aerodyne]] – a vehicle which directs air downward to create [[Lift (force)|lift]], though press kits for the film stated that the spinner was propelled by three engines: "conventional [[Internal combustion engine|internal combustion]], [[Jet engine|jet]], and [[anti-gravity]]".<ref name="SJPSTop40">{{citation |title=The Top 40 Cars from Feature Films: 30. Police Spinner |url=http://www.screenjunkies.com/movies/movie-news/the-top-40-cars-from-feature-films-30-26/ |work=ScreenJunkies |access-date=July 27, 2011 |date=March 30, 2010 |quote=though press kits for the film stated that the spinner was propelled by three engines: "conventional internal combustion, jet and anti-gravity". |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140404023133/http://www.screenjunkies.com/movies/movie-news/the-top-40-cars-from-feature-films-30-26/ |archive-date=April 4, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |
==== Voight-Kampff machine ====
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Despite being well received by fans and critically acclaimed and nominated in 1982 for [[36th British Academy Film Awards|a BAFTA]] and [[40th Golden Globe Awards|a Golden Globe]] as best original score, and the promise of a soundtrack album from [[Polydor Records]] in the end titles of the film, the release of the official soundtrack recording was delayed for over a decade. There are two official releases of the music from ''Blade Runner''. In light of the lack of a release of an album, the [[New American Orchestra]] recorded an orchestral adaptation in 1982 which bore little resemblance to the original. Some of the film tracks would, in 1989, surface on the compilation ''Vangelis: Themes'', but not until the 1992 release of the ''Director's Cut'' version would a substantial amount of the film's score see commercial release.{{sfn|Sammon|p=419–423}}
These delays and poor reproductions led to the production of many [[bootleg recording]]s over the years. A bootleg tape surfaced in 1982 at science fiction conventions and became popular given the delay of an official release of the original recordings, and in 1993 "Off World Music, Ltd" created a bootleg CD that would prove more comprehensive than Vangelis' official CD in 1994.{{sfn|Sammon|p=419–423}} A set with three CDs of ''Blade Runner''-related Vangelis music was released in 2007. Titled ''Blade Runner Trilogy'', the first disc contains the same tracks as the 1994 official soundtrack release, the second features previously unreleased music from the
=== Special effects ===
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Ridley Scott's ''Director's Cut'' (1992, 116 minutes)<ref name=bbfcdirectorscut>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/blade-runner-directors-cut-film |title=''Blade Runner'' [Director's Cut] |publisher=British Board of Film Classification |date=September 29, 1992 |access-date=January 8, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160406204404/http://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/blade-runner-directors-cut-film |archive-date=April 6, 2016}}</ref> had significant changes from the theatrical version including the removal of Deckard's voice-over, the re-insertion of the unicorn sequence, and the removal of the studio-imposed happy ending. Scott provided extensive notes and consultation to Warner Bros. through film preservationist Michael Arick, who was put in charge of creating the ''Director's Cut''.{{sfn|Sammon|p=353, 365}}
It is often falsely claimed that the unicorn sequence was an [[outtake]] from Ridley Scott's follow-up film ''[[Legend (1985 film)|Legend]]'' which also features unicorns, but it was in fact shot for Blade Runner as "additional photography" by second unit cinematographer [[Brian Tufano]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2023/jan/26/brian-tufano-obituary|title=Brian Tuffano Obituary|publisher=theguardian.com |date=January 26, 2023}}</ref>
Scott's definitive ''The Final Cut'' (2007, 117 minutes)<ref name=bbfcfinal>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/blade-runner-film-0 |title=''Blade Runner'' [The Final Cut] |publisher=British Board of Film Classification |date=October 12, 2007 |access-date=January 8, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160305203132/http://bbfc.co.uk/releases/blade-runner-film-0 |archive-date=March 5, 2016}}</ref> was released by Warner Bros. theatrically on October 5, 2007, and subsequently released on DVD, [[HD DVD]], and [[Blu-ray Disc]] in December 2007.<ref name="thedigitalbits">{{citation |title=''Blade Runner: The Final Cut'' |date=July 26, 2007 |url=http://www.thedigitalbits.com/site_archive/articles/br2007/announce.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140222043104/http://www.thedigitalbits.com/site_archive/articles/br2007/announce.html |work=The Digital Bits |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-date=February 22, 2014}}</ref> This is the only version over which Scott had complete artistic and editorial control.{{sfn|Sammon|p=353, 365}}
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Academics began analyzing the film almost as soon as it was released. One of the first books on the film was Paul M. Sammon's ''Future Noir: The Making of Blade Runner'' (1996),<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sammon |first=Paul M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Al2lPwAACAAJ |title=Future Noir: The Making of Blade Runner |date=1996 |publisher=Orion Media |isbn=978-0-7528-0740-9 |language=en|access-date=October 1, 2020|archive-date=April 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414015432/https://books.google.com/books?id=Al2lPwAACAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref> which dissects all the details concerning the film making. He was followed by [[Scott Bukatman]]'s ''Blade Runner''<ref>Bukatman, Scott. ''Blade Runner''. London: BFI, 1997.</ref> and other books and academic articles.<ref>{{citation |last=Williams |first=Douglas E. |url=https://philosophy.as.uky.edu/sites/default/files/Ideology%20as%20Dystopia%20-%20An%20Interpretation%20of%20Blade%20Runner%20-%20Douglas%20E.%20Williams.pdf |title=Ideology as Dystopia: An Interpretation of "Blade Runner" |work=[[International Political Science Review]] |volume=9 |issue=4 |date=October 1988 |pages=381–394 |access-date=October 13, 2015 |jstor=1600763 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160708052749/https://philosophy.as.uky.edu/sites/default/files/Ideology%20as%20Dystopia%20-%20An%20Interpretation%20of%20Blade%20Runner%20-%20Douglas%20E.%20Williams.pdf |archive-date=July 8, 2016 |publisher=[Sage Publications, Inc., Sage Publications, Ltd.]}}</ref> In ''Postmodern Metanarratives: Blade Runner and Literature in the Age of Image'', Décio Torres Cruz analyzes the philosophical and psychological issues and the literary influences in ''Blade Runner''. He examines the film's cyberpunk and [[dystopic]] elements by establishing a link between the Biblical, classical and modern traditions and the postmodern aspects in the film's collage of several literary texts.<ref name="Torres Cruz 2014">{{Cite book |last=Torres Cruz |first=Décio |url=https://www.palgrave.com/gp/book/9781137439727 |title=Postmodern Metanarratives: Blade Runner and Literature in the Age of Image |date=2014 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-1-137-43972-7 |language=en|access-date=September 18, 2020|archive-date=October 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009064728/https://www.palgrave.com/gp/book/9781137439727|url-status=live}}</ref>
The boom in home video formats helped establish a growing cult around the film,<ref name=":0">Dalton, Stephen (October 26, 2016). [https://www.bfi.org.uk/features/blade-runner "Blade Runner: anatomy of a classic"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171015064343/http://www.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/news-bfi/features/blade-runner |date=October 15, 2017 }}. [[British Film Institute]].</ref> which scholars have dissected for its dystopic aspects, questions regarding "authentic" humanity, [[ecofeminism|ecofeminist]] aspects<ref>{{citation |last=Jenkins |first=Mary |url=http://trumpeter.athabascau.ca/index.php/trumpet/article/view/172/210 |year=1997 |title=The Dystopian World of Blade Runner: An Ecofeminist Perspective |journal=Trumpeter |volume=14 |issue=4 |access-date=October 13, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170914233708/http://trumpeter.athabascau.ca/index.php/trumpet/article/view/172/210 |archive-date=September 14, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> and use of conventions from multiple genres.<ref>{{citation |last1=Doll |first1=Susan |last2=Faller |first2=Greg |url=https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-1314619891/blade-runner-and-genre-film-noir-and-science-fiction |title=Blade Runner and Genre: Film Noir and Science Fiction |work=Literature Film Quarterly |year=1986 |volume=14 |issue=2 |access-date=October 13, 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151013050150/https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-1314619891/blade-runner-and-genre-film-noir-and-science-fiction |archive-date=October 13, 2015}}</ref> Popular culture began to reassess its impact as a classic several years after it was released.<ref>Gray, Tim (June 24, 2017). [https://variety.com/2017/film/news/blade-runner-1982-unloved-classic-1202476755/ "'Blade Runner' Turns 35: Ridley Scott's Unloved Film That Became a Classic"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705010740/https://variety.com/2017/film/news/blade-runner-1982-unloved-classic-1202476755/ |date=July 5, 2017 }}. ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]''.</ref><ref>{{citation |last=Shone |first=Tom |title=Woman: The Other Alien in Alien |url=http://www.slate.com/articles/arts/culturebox/2012/06/prometheus_why_are_academics_so_obsessed_with_ridley_scott_s_alien_and_its_sequels_.html |date=June 6, 2012 |work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]] |url-status=live |archive-url= http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20160424231545/http://www.slate.com/articles/arts/culturebox/2012/06/prometheus_why_are_academics_so_obsessed_with_ridley_scott_s_alien_and_its_sequels_.html |archive-date=April 24, 2016}}</ref><ref name="indiewire">{{citation |last=Jagernauth |first=Kevin |title=''Blade Runner'' Is Almost a Religion for Me: Denis Villeneuve Talks Directing the Sci-fi Sequel |url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/blade-runner-is-almost-a-religion-for-me-denis-villeneuve-talks-directing-the-sci-fi-sequel-20150428 |access-date=October 12, 2015 |work=[[IndieWire]] |date=April 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001045525/http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/blade-runner-is-almost-a-religion-for-me-denis-villeneuve-talks-directing-the-sci-fi-sequel-20150428 |archive-date=October 1, 2015}}</ref> [[Roger Ebert]] praised the visuals of both the original and the ''Director's Cut'' and recommended it for that reason; however, he found the human story clichéd and a little thin.<ref name="Ebert" /> He later added ''The Final Cut'' to his "Great Movies" list.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-blade-runner-the-final-cut-1982 |title=''Blade Runner: The Final Cut'' Movie Review (1982) |last=Ebert |first=Roger |work=RogerEbert.com |access-date=June 18, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160627095550/http://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-blade-runner-the-final-cut-1982 |archive-date=June 27, 2016}}</ref> Critic Chris Rodley and [[Janet Maslin]] theorized that ''Blade Runner'' changed cinematic and cultural discourse through its image repertoire and subsequent influence on films.<ref>{{citation |last=Rodley |first=Chris |title=''Blade Runner: The Director's Cut'' |url=http://www.frieze.com/issue/article/blade_runner_the_directors_cut/ |access-date=October 14, 2015 |work=frieze |year=1993 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080905211517/http://www.frieze.com/issue/article/blade_runner_the_directors_cut/ |archive-date=September 5, 2008}}</ref> In 2012, ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' film critic [[Richard Corliss]] surgically analyzed the durability, complexity, screenplay, sets and production dynamics from a personal, three-decade perspective.<ref>[
It has also been noted for its postmodernist approach and that it contributes to the historical development of modern dystopia in film.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bruno |first=Giuliana |date=1987 |title=Ramble City: Postmodernism and ''Blade Runner'' |journal=October |volume=41 |pages=61–74 |doi=10.2307/778330 |jstor=778330|issn = 0162-2870}}</ref> Furthermore, the futuristic version of Los Angeles has been widely discussed by academics with some comparing it to Milton's descriptions of hell in ''[[Paradise Lost]]''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Desser |first=David |date=1985 |title=Blade Runner: Science Fiction & Transcendence |journal=Literature/Film Quarterly; Salisbury |volume=13 |pages=172–179 |id={{ProQuest|226985939}}}}</ref> A 2019 retrospective in the [[BBC]] argued that elements of the film's socio-political themes remained prescient in the real year of the film's setting, such as its depiction of [[climate change]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barnett |first=David |title=Are we living in a Blade Runner world? |url=https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20191111-are-we-living-in-a-blade-runner-world |access-date=June 30, 2022 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en |archive-date=June 30, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630150706/https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20191111-are-we-living-in-a-blade-runner-world |url-status=live }}</ref> From a more philosophical perspective, Alison Landsberg described Scott's direction of the film as a "prosthetic memory"—an action that has never happened and appears to be divorced from lived experience, yet it defines personhood and identity within the wider Blade Runner universe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Landsberg |first=Alison |s2cid=144020560 |date=1995 |title=Prosthetic Memory: Total Recall and Blade Runner |journal=Body & Society |volume=1 |issue=3–4 |pages=175–189 |doi=10.1177/1357034X95001003010}}</ref>
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{{See also|Tears in rain monologue}}
[[File:Blade Runner spinner flyby.png|thumb|alt=Screenshot of a police spinner flying through a cityscape next to a large building which has a huge face projected onto it. In the distance a screen can be seen with writing and pictures on it|A police spinner flying beside enormous skyscrapers, some with electronic billboards on them. Special effects such as these were benchmarks and have been highly influential on the esthetics of subsequent sci-fi
[[File:Tesla Cybertruck outside unveil modified by Smnt.jpg|thumb|Tesla's Cybertruck was heavily inspired by ''Blade Runner''.]]
While not initially a success with North American audiences, ''Blade Runner'' was popular internationally and garnered a [[cult following]].{{sfn|Sammon|p=318–329}} The film's dark style and futuristic designs have served as a benchmark and its influence can be seen in many subsequent science fiction films, [[video game]]s, [[anime]], and television programs.<ref name="Barlow" /> Its influence has also extended beyond the science fiction genre, especially in the creation of cinematic worlds. For example, [[Denis Villeneuve]], [[Christopher Nolan]], [[Guillermo del Toro]], [[Gareth Edwards (director)|Gareth Edwards]],<ref name=":1">Total Film, Issue 343, November 2023</ref> [[Rian Johnson]],<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P93l1aBwLH8 | title=Rian Johnson on Looper: Plot, Influences, and Sequel Potential | website=[[YouTube]] | date=October 2012 }}</ref> [[Ronald D. Moore]] and [[David Eick]]
The film was selected for preservation in the United States [[National Film Registry]] in 1993 and is frequently taught in university courses.<ref>{{citation |title=Aren't We All Just Replicants on the Inside? |date=October 2, 2007 |url=http://www.nysun.com/article/63805 |last=Rapold |first=Nicolas |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080905003256/http://www.nysun.com/article/63805 |work=The New York Sun |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-date=September 5, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |title=Librarian Announces National Film Registry Selections |date=March 7, 1994 |journal=Library of Congress Information Bulletin |url=https://www.loc.gov/loc/lcib/94/9405/film.html|access-date=May 20, 2020|archive-date=March 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308154357/https://www.loc.gov/loc/lcib/94/9405/film.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Complete National Film Registry Listing |website=Film Registry {{!}} National Film Preservation Board {{!}} Programs at the Library of Congress {{!}} Library of Congress|url=https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-film-preservation-board/film-registry/complete-national-film-registry-listing/|access-date=May 20, 2020|archive-date=October 31, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031213743/https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-film-preservation-board/film-registry/complete-national-film-registry-listing/|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2007, it was named the second-most visually influential film of all time by the [[Visual Effects Society]].<ref>{{citation |title=The Visual Effects Society Unveils '50 Most Influential Visual Effects Films of All Time' |url=http://www.visualeffectssociety.com/system/files/15/files/ves50revelfin.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120604101515/http://www.visualeffectssociety.com/system/files/15/files/ves50revelfin.pdf |publisher=Visual Effects Society |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-date=June 4, 2012}}</ref> The film has also been the subject of parody, such as the comics ''Blade Bummer'' by ''[[Crazy (magazine)|Crazy]]'' comics,<ref>{{citation |title=Crazy: ''Blade Runner'' Parody |url=http://media.bladezone.com/contents/publications/magazines/crazy |last=Kissell |first=Gerry |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140428173626/http://media.bladezone.com/contents/publications/magazines/crazy/ |work=BladeZone |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-date=April 28, 2014}}</ref> ''Bad Rubber'' by [[Steve Gallacci]],<ref>{{citation |title=''Albedo'' #0 |work=[[Grand Comics Database]] Project |url=http://www.comics.org/issue/37533/#218913 |last=Gallacci |first=Steven A. |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140406234202/http://www.comics.org/issue/37533/ |at="Bad Rubber" section |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-date=April 6, 2014}}</ref> and the ''[[Red Dwarf]]'' 2009 three-part miniseries "[[Red Dwarf: Back to Earth|Back to Earth]]".<ref>{{citation |title=''Red Dwarf: Back To Earth'' – This Weekend's Essential Viewing – NME Video Blog |url=https://www.nme.com/blog/index.php?blog=121&title=red_dwarf_back_to_earth_this_weekend_s_e_1&more=1&c=1&tb=1&pb=1 |last=Howard |first=Rob |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121011201714/http://www.nme.com/blog/index.php?blog=121&title=red_dwarf_back_to_earth_this_weekend_s_e_1&more=1&c=1&tb=1&pb=1 |work=[[NME]] |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-date=October 11, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=''Red Dwarf: Back to Earth'' – Director's Cut DVD 2009: Amazon.co.uk: Craig Charles, Danny John-Jules, Chris Barrie, Robert Llewellyn, Doug Naylor: DVD |url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/Red-Dwarf-Back-Earth-DVD/dp/B001UHO102 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090614131802/http://www.amazon.co.uk/Red-Dwarf-Back-Earth-DVD/dp/B001UHO102 |archive-date=June 14, 2009 |access-date=July 27, 2011 |date=June 15, 2009}}</ref> The anime series ''[[Psycho-Pass]]'' by [[Production I.G]] was also highly influenced by the
''Blade Runner'' continues to reflect modern trends and concerns, and an increasing number of critics consider it one of the greatest science fiction films of all time.<ref>{{citation |last1=Jha |first1=Alok |last2=Rogers |first2=Simon |last3=Rutherford |first3=Adam |date=August 26, 2004 |access-date=July 27, 2011 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/life/feature/story/0,13026,1290561,00.html |title='I've seen things...': Our expert panel votes for the top 10 sci-fi films |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |location=London |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070513161801/http://www.guardian.co.uk/life/feature/story/0%2C13026%2C1290561%2C00.html |archive-date=May 13, 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> It was voted the best science fiction film ever made in a 2004 poll of 60 eminent world scientists.<ref>{{citation |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3600802.stm |title=''Blade Runner'' tops scientist poll |work=BBC News |date=August 26, 2004 |access-date=September 22, 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140513202114/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3600802.stm |archive-date=May 13, 2014}}</ref> ''Blade Runner'' is also cited as an important influence to both the style and story of the ''[[Ghost in the Shell]]'' franchise, which itself has been highly influential to the future-noir genre.<ref>{{citation |title=''Ghost in the Shell 2: Innocence'' |first=Jim |last=Omura |date=September 16, 2004 |work=[[FPS Magazine]] |url=http://www.fpsmagazine.com/review/040916innocence.php |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131029193102/http://www.fpsmagazine.com/review/040916innocence.php |archive-date=October 29, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=Hollywood is haunted by ''Ghost in the Shell'' |first=Steve |last=Rose |newspaper=The Guardian |date=October 19, 2009 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2009/oct/19/hollywood-ghost-in-the-shell |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130308101232/http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2009/oct/19/hollywood-ghost-in-the-shell |archive-date=March 8, 2013}}</ref> ''Blade Runner'' has been very influential to the [[cyberpunk]] movement.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Coplan |first1=Amy |last2=Davies |first2=David |title=''Blade Runner'' |date=2015 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-23144-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XOMjCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT20 |access-date=July 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225131828/https://books.google.com/books?id=XOMjCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT20 |archive-date=February 25, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Booker |first=M. Keith |title=Alternate Americas: Science Fiction Film and American Culture |date=2006 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-275-98395-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CVvb6gfT4o4C&pg=PA185 |access-date=July 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180226180206/https://books.google.com/books?id=CVvb6gfT4o4C&pg=PA185 |archive-date=February 26, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Milner |first=Andrew |title=Literature, Culture and Society |date=2005 |publisher=Psychology Press |isbn=978-0-415-30785-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rOmYospPvfwC&pg=PA266 |access-date=July 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225131828/https://books.google.com/books?id=rOmYospPvfwC&pg=PA266 |archive-date=February 25, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Brown |first=Steven T. |title=Tokyo Cyberpunk: Posthumanism in Japanese Visual Culture |date=2016 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11006-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W_0YDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT10 |access-date=July 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225131828/https://books.google.com/books?id=W_0YDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT10 |archive-date=February 25, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> It also influenced the [[Cyberpunk derivatives|cyberpunk derivative]] [[biopunk]], which revolves around [[biotechnology]] and [[genetic engineering]].<ref name="scifi">{{cite web |last=Evans |first=Josh |title=What Is Biopunk? |url=http://sciencefiction.com/2011/09/18/what-is-biopunk/ |access-date=June 20, 2015 |date=September 18, 2011 |work=ScienceFiction.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150602151222/http://sciencefiction.com/2011/09/18/what-is-biopunk/ |archive-date=June 2, 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Wohlsen |first=Marcus |title=Biopunk: Solving Biotech's Biggest Problems in Kitchens and Garages |publisher=[[Current Publishing]] |date=2011 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bpptCOi3G_AC&pg=PT15 |isbn=978-1-61723-002-8 |access-date=August 24, 2017 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020232507/https://books.google.com/books?id=bpptCOi3G_AC&pg=PT15 |url-status=live}}</ref> The film is also considered to be one of the early examples of the [[tech noir]]<ref name="sherlock">{{cite web |url=https://gamerant.com/80s-movie-invented-tech-noir/ |title=One Movie Both Invented and Perfected the Tech Noir |work=[[Game Rant]] |first=Ben |last=Sherlock |date=February 21, 2021 |access-date=November 4, 2023 |archive-date=August 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826044939/https://gamerant.com/80s-movie-invented-tech-noir/ |url-status=live }}</ref> subgenre.
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* [[Biorobotics]]
* [[List of adaptations of works by Philip K. Dick]]
* [[List of dystopian films]]
* [[List of fictional robots and androids]]
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