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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
The '''Pedlars Act 1871''' applied to the '''United Kingdom''' and legislates for granting pedlars certificates to trade. The Pedlars Act 1871 was amended by the '''Pedlars Act 1881'''.
{{Infobox UK legislation
| short_title = Pedlars Act 1871
| type = Act
| parliament = Parliament of the United Kingdom
| long_title = An Act for Granting Certificates to Pedlars.
| year = 1871
| citation = [[34 & 35 Vict.]] c. 96
| royal_assent = 21 August 1871
| commencement = 1 January 1872{{efn|Section 2.}}
| replaces = [[Pedlars Act 1870]]
| amendments = {{ubli|[[Statute Law Revision Act 1883]]|Pedlars Act 1881}}
| status = Amended
| original_text = https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1871/96/pdfs/ukpga_18710096_en.pdf
| use_new_UK-LEG = yes
}}
{{Infobox UK legislation
| short_title = Pedlars Act 1881
| type = Act
| parliament =
| long_title =
| year = 1881
| citation = [[44 & 45 Vict.]] c. 45
| introduced_commons =
| introduced_lords =
| territorial_extent =
| royal_assent =
| commencement =
| expiry_date =
| repeal_date =
| amends = Pedlars Act 1871
| replaces =
| amendments =
| repealing_legislation =
| related_legislation =
| status =
| legislation_history =
| theyworkforyou =
| millbankhansard =
| original_text =
| revised_text =
| use_new_UK-LEG =
| UK-LEG_title =
| collapsed =
}}
 
The '''Pedlars Act 1871'''<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YQRVAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA481%20SECTION%201 |title=The Public general statutes: passed in the ... years of the reign of her Majesty Queen Victoria. 1871 |date=1871 |language=en}}</ref> ([[34 & 35 Vict.]] c. 96) is an [[Act of Parliament|Act]] of the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom]]. This Act, and an amendment in the '''Pedlars Act 1881''' ([[44 & 45 Vict.]] c. 45), applies to the United Kingdom, and provides legislation governing pedlar's certificates and the peddling trade.
 
== Pedlars Act 1871 and Pedlars Act 1881 ==
The Pedlars Act 1871 defines a pedlar as a person who trades by travelling on foot between town to town or visits another persons house. The Act specifically exempts certain trades from being covered by the law, people selling at legitimate markets and fairs, those just seeking customer orders, and sellers of vegetables, fruit, or victuals.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/34-35/96|title=Pedlars Act 1871|last=|first=|date=|website=www.legislation.gov.uk|language=en|others=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=25 May 2018}}</ref>
 
The Pedlars Act 1871 requires pedlars to apply to the [[chief constable]] of their local police force for a pedlar's certificate. Trading as a pedlar without a certificate is an offence.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/34-35/96|title=Pedlars Act 1871|website=www.legislation.gov.uk|language=en|access-date=25 May 2018}}</ref>
The Act requires pedlars to apply for a certificate to trade. As originally enacted the Act set the fine for a first offence of failing to have a valid certificate was 10 shillings, and for subsequent offences up to £1. The application for a pedlars certificate was made to the Chief Constable of the police in the district the pedlar wanted to trade. Before a certificate is issued the pedlar must have resided in that district for at least one month, be over the age of 17, of good character, and in 'good faith' intended to carry out the trade of a pedlar. The validity of a pedlars certificate was one year. As originally enacted the Act specifically mentioned a pedlars licence did not provide the holder with any exceptions from the provisions of the Vagrancy Act. The Pedlars Act 1871 placed several obligations on holder of a certificate, for example, the misuse or allowing others to misuse the certificate was an offence. If demanded, the pedlar was obliged to show their certificate to certain authorised people, such as a police officer. The Act gave the police the power to search anything containing the pedlars goods. <ref name=":0" />
 
The Pedlars Act 18811871 amendeddefines a [[peddler|pedlar]] as a person who trades by travelling on foot between town to town or visits another person's house. The Act specifically exempts certain traders from being covered by the 1871law, people selling at legitimate markets and fairs, those only seeking customer orders, and sellers of vegetables, fruit, or victuals. The Pedlars Act 1871 limited the validity of the certificate to the geographical area covered by allowingthe issuing police force, so a pedlar needed to useapply afor another certificate granted to themtrade throughoutin thea Uniteddifferent Kingdomarea.<ref withoutname=":0" /> The Pedlars Act 1881 amended the need1871 toAct re-applyby tomaking anothera Chiefpedlar's Constablecertificate valid throughout the United Kingdom.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/44-45/45/contents|title=Pedlars Act 1881|last=|first=|date=|website=www.legislation.gov.uk|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=25 May 2018}}</ref>
 
== Applying for a Pedlarspedlar's Certificatecertificate ==
Currently, an application for a pedlars certificate is made at a persons local police station. The application fee for 2018 is £12.25. The criteria for issuing a certificate is that they must have resided in that local authority for at least 28 days. An applicant requires a photograph, proof of identity and address, and the details of a referee.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.gov.uk/pedlars-certificate|title=How to apply for a pedlar's certificate|last=|first=|date=|work=GOV.UK|access-date=25 May 2018|language=en}}</ref> ▼
 
▲Currently, anAn application for a pedlarspedlar's certificate is made atto a persons local police stationchief constable. The procedure applicationis feethat forthe 2018person ismust attend £12.25at a police station in the area they live. The criteria for issuing a certificate is that theythe person must have resided in thatthe local authority area for at least 28 days and be over 17 years old. An applicant requires a photograph, proof of identity and address, and the details of a referee. The certificate is valid for a year. In 2018, the application fee is £12.25.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.gov.uk/pedlars-certificate|title=How to apply for a pedlar's certificate|last=|first=|date=|work=GOV.UK|access-date=25 May 2018|language=en}}</ref>
If required to do so, a pedlar must produce their certificate. Trading without a certificate or allowing somebody else to use it is an offence with a maximum penalty of a fine up to £200. Providing false information when applying for a certificate, or making or carrying a forged certificate is an offence with the maximum penalty of up to 6 months imprisonment.<ref name=":1" /> The Police still use the Act, for example in 2017, Derbyshire police seized the goods of a pedlar trading without a certificate.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.derbyshirealert.co.uk/da/190362/Goods_seized_from_man_trading_without_pedlars_certificate_in_Youlgrave.html|title=Goods seized from man trading without pedlars certificate in Youlgrave|last=|first=|date=|website=www.derbyshirealert.co.uk|language=en-gb|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=25 May 2018}}</ref>▼
 
▲If required to do so, a pedlar must produce their certificate. Trading without a certificate or allowing somebody else to use it is an offence with a maximum penalty of a fine up to £200. Providing false information when applying for a certificate, or making or carrying a forged certificate is an offence with the maximum penalty of up to 6six months imprisonment.<ref name=":1" /> The Policepolice still useenforce the Act, for example, in 2017, [[Derbyshire policeConstabulary]] seized the goods of a pedlar trading without a certificate.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.derbyshirealert.co.uk/da/190362/Goods_seized_from_man_trading_without_pedlars_certificate_in_Youlgrave.html|title=Goods seized from man trading without pedlars certificate in Youlgrave|last=|first=|date=|website=www.derbyshirealert.co.uk|language=en-gb|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=25 May 2018}}</ref>
== Debates about the Pedlars Act 1871 ==▼
Various calls have been made to reform the pedlar laws. In 2012, the Department for Business Innovation and Skills considered the relevance of pedlar legislation, but considered it a matter for decision at a later date.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/32724/12-606-street-trading-compliance-with-services-directive-impact.pdf|title=Street Trading and Pedlar Laws. Compliance with the European Services Directive
Impact assessment|last=Department for Business Innovation and Skills|first=|date=2012|website=Gov.UK|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=25 May 2018}}</ref> The Association of Town & City Management say the current peddling laws cause one of most compex problems about on-street trading.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.100ways.org.uk/street-trading-and-pedlars.html|title=Street Trading & Pedlars|last=Association of Town and City Management|first=|date=2018|website=www.100ways.org.uk|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=25 May 2018}}</ref> Argued is local shopkeepers and retailers view peddling as undesirable and unfair competition. It is said that pedlars are not restricted where they trade and can legitimately stand outside a shop and sell the same goods, they cause congestion on certain city centre street, and are less accountable for any counterfeit or substandard good sold by them, and they cause congestion on certain city centre streets.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hough|first=B|date=2003|title=Licensed street trading and pedlars|url=https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/files/144597/HOUGH_Licensed_Street_Trading_and_Pedlars.pdf|journal=Mountbatten Journal of Legal Studies|volume=7 (12)|pages=5-32|via=}}</ref> ▼
 
▲== Debates about the Pedlars Act 1871 ==
Since 1999, pedlars have raise concerns about the attempt of some local government authorities to pass private laws to circumnavigate pedlar laws and restrict their trade,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pedlars.info/statutes-bills-case-law.html|title=Pedlar Legislation|last=|first=|date=|website=pedlars.info|language=en-gb|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=25 May 2018}}</ref> for example, the City of Westminster Act 1999<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukla/1999/1/contents/enacted|title=City of Westminster Act 1999|last=|first=|date=|website=www.legislation.gov.uk|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=25 May 2018}}</ref>, and Maidstone Borough Council Act 2006.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukla/2006/4/contents/enacted|title=Maidstone Borough Council Act 2006|website=www.legislation.gov.uk|language=en|access-date=2018-05-25}}</ref> ▼
 
▲Various calls have been made to reform the pedlar laws. In 2012, the [[Department for Business, Innovation and Skills|Department for Business Innovation and Skills]] considered reforming the pedlar laws but considered it a matter for a decision at a later date.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/32724/12-606-street-trading-compliance-with-services-directive-impact.pdf|title=Street Trading and Pedlar Laws. Compliance with the European Services Directive Impact assessment|lastpublisher=Department for Business Innovation and Skills|first=|date=2012|website=Gov.UK|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=25 May 2018}}</ref> The Association of Town & City Management say the current peddlingpedlar laws causecauses one of the most compexcomplex problems about on-street trading.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.100ways.org.uk/street-trading-and-pedlars.html|title=Street Trading & Pedlars|lastauthor=Association of Town and City Management|first= |date=2018 |website=www.100ways.org.uk|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url= |access-date=25 May 2018}}</ref> Argued is localLocal shopkeepers and retailers view peddling as undesirable and unfair competition. ItArgued is said that pedlars are not restricted where they trade and can legitimately stand outside a shop and sell the same goods as it, they cause congestion on the streets in certain city centre streetcentres, and are less accountable for any counterfeit or substandard good sold by them, and they cause congestion on certain city centre streets.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hough|first=B|date=2003|title=Licensed street trading and pedlars|url=https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/files/144597/HOUGH_Licensed_Street_Trading_and_Pedlars.pdf |journal=Mountbatten Journal of Legal Studies |volume=7 (|number=12) |pages=5-32|via=5–32}}</ref>
== External Links ==▼
 
[http://pedlars.info/ Pedlar Information and Resource Center]▼
▲Since 1999, pedlars have raiseraised concerns about the attempt of some local government authorities to pass private[[Private lawsAct]]s to circumnavigate the current pedlar lawslegislation and restrict their trade,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pedlars.info/statutes-bills-case-law.html|title=Pedlar Legislation|last=|first=|date=|website=pedlars.info|language=en-gb|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url= |access-date=25 May 2018}}</ref> for example, by enacting the [[City of Westminster Act 1999]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukla/1999/1/contents/enacted|title=City of Westminster Act 1999|last=|first=|date=|website=www.legislation.gov.uk|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url= |access-date=25 May 2018}}</ref>, and Maidstone Borough Council Act 2006.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukla/2006/4/contents/enacted |title=Maidstone Borough Council Act 2006 |website=www.legislation.gov.uk |language=en|access-date=2018-05-25}}</ref>
 
== See also ==
* [[Merchant]]
* [[Peddler]]
* [[Retail]]
* [[Street trading licence]]
 
== Notes ==
{{notelist}}
 
== References ==
{{reflist}}
 
▲== External Links links==
▲* [http://pedlars.info/ Pedlar Information and Resource Center]
{{UK legislation|state=collapsed}}{{Authority control}}
 
[[Category:Law of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:United Kingdom company law]]
[[Category:Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom concerning England and Wales]]
[[Category:United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1871]]
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