BMW: Difference between revisions

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BMW is [[BMW Headquarters|headquartered in Munich]] and produces motor vehicles in Germany, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands (ceased in 2023),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nos.nl/artikel/2352434-tegenslag-voor-nedcar-bmw-stopt-in-2023-met-de-productie-in-born|title=Tegenslag voor Nedcar: BMW stopt in 2023 met de productie in Born|date=15 October 2020|website=nos.nl}}</ref> the United States, Brazil, Mexico, South Africa, India and China. The {{Interlanguage link multi|Quandt (family)|lt=Quandt family|de|3=Quandt (Familie)}} is a long-term shareholder of the company, following investments by the brothers [[Herbert Quandt|Herbert]] and [[Harald Quandt]] in 1959 that saved BMW from [[bankruptcy]], with the remaining shares owned by [[Public float|the public]].

The first modern mass-produced turbocharged petrol engine was introduced in 2006 (from 1973 to 1975, BMW built 1,672 units of a turbocharged [[BMW M10]] engine for the [[BMW 02 Series]]),<ref>[https://bmw-grouparchiv.de/research/detail/index.xhtml?id=3826800 "BMW 2002 turbo"]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230425132944/https://bmw-grouparchiv.de/research/detail/index.xhtml?id=3826800 |date=25 April 2023 }}. BMW Group. Retrieved 26 August 2020.</ref> with most engines switching over to turbocharging over the 2010s. The first hybrid BMW was the 2010 [[BMW 7 Series (F01)|BMW ActiveHybrid 7]], and BMW's first mass-production electric car was the [[BMW i3]] city car, which was released in 2013, (from 1968 to 1972, BMW built two battery-electric [[BMW 02 Series|BMW 1602 Elektro]] saloons for the 1972 Olympic Games).<ref>[https://bmw-grouparchiv.de/research/detail/index.xhtml?id=3921907 "BMW 1602 Elektro"]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220428080131/https://bmw-grouparchiv.de/research/detail/index.xhtml?id=3921907 |date=28 April 2022 }}. BMW. Retrieved 26 August 2020.</ref> After many years of establishing a reputation for sporting rear-wheel drive cars, BMW's first [[front-wheel drive]] car was the 2014 [[BMW 2 Series Active Tourer]] [[Minivan|multi-purpose vehicle (MPV)]].

 

 

In August 2019, [[Oliver Zipse]] replaced [[Harald Krüger]] as the head of the BMW Group.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oliver Zipse appointed new Chairman of the Board of Management of BMW AG |url=https://www.press.bmwgroup.com/global/article/detail/T0298910EN/oliver-zipse-appointed-new-chairman-of-the-board-of-management-of-bmw-ag?language=en |website=press bmw group}}</ref>

 

=== 21st century ===

 

On 18 January 2022 BMW announced a BMW 7 Series (G11) special edition simply called "The Final V12",<ref name="Road">{{cite web |last=Silvestro |first=Brian |date=18 January 2022 |title=BMW Waves Goodbye to the V-12 With a Final Edition M760Li |url=https://www.roadandtrack.com/news/a38803898/bmw-m760li-final-edition-v12/ |work=Road & Track |publisher=Hearst Communications}}</ref> the last BMW series production vehicle to be fitted with a V-12 engine.<ref name="Road" />

 

=== Company name ===

 

The terms Beemer, Bimmer and Bee-em are sometimes used as [[slang]] for BMW in the English language<ref>{{cite book |title=Bee em / BMW Motorcycle Club of Victoria Inc |publisher=[[National Library of Australia]] |url=http://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/3913069 |access-date=23 October 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728125152/http://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/3913069 |archive-date=28 July 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=No Toupees allowed |date=2 October 2009 |url=http://www.bangkokpost.com/auto/autoreview/24915/no-toupees-allowed |newspaper=[[Bangkok Post]] |access-date=24 October 2009}}{{dead link|date=September 2012}}</ref> and are sometimes used interchangeably for cars and motorcycles.<ref name=Lighter1>{{Cite book |title=Random House Historical Dictionary of American Slang: A-G |first=Jonathan E. |last=Lighter |publisher=Random House |year=1994 |volume=1 |isbn=978-0-394-54427-4 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/randomhousehisto01ligh/page/126 126–27] |quote='''Beemer''' ''n.'' <nowiki>[BMW + ''er'']</nowiki> a BMW automobile. Also '''Beamer.''' |url=https://archive.org/details/randomhousehisto01ligh/page/126 }}</ref><ref name=Lighter2>{{Cite book |title=Random House Historical Dictionary of American Slang: A-G |first=Jonathan E. |last=Lighter |publisher=Random House |year=1994 |volume=1 |isbn=978-0-394-54427-4 |page=[https://archive.org/details/randomhousehisto01ligh/page/159 159] |quote='''Bimmer''' ''n.'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Beemer.</span> |url=https://archive.org/details/randomhousehisto01ligh/page/159 }}</ref><ref>'''1982''' S. Black ''Totally Awesome'' 83 BMW ("Beemer").<br />'''1985''' ''L.A. Times'' (13 April) V 4: Id much rather drive my Beemer than a truck.<br />'''1989''' L. Roberts ''Full Cleveland'' 39: Baby boomers... in... late-model Beemers.<br />'''1990''' ''Hull High'' (NBC-TV): You should ee my dad's new Beemer.<br /> '''1991''' ''Cathy'' (synd. cartoon strip) (21 April): Sheila... <nowiki>[ground]</nowiki> multi-grain snack chips crumbs into the back seat of my brand-new Beamer!<br />'''1992''' ''Time'' (18 May) 84: Its residents tend to drive pickups or subcompacts, not Beemers or Rolles.</ref>

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!Year

The ''BMW M GmbH'' subsidiary (called BMW Motorsport GmbH until 1993) started making high-performance versions of various BMW models in 1978.

 

 

* [[BMW M2|M2]] two-door coupe

* [[BMW M3|M3]] four-door sedan and five-door station wagon

* [[BMW M4|M4]] two-door coupe/convertible

* [[BMW M8|M8]] two-door coupe/convertible and four-door sedan

* [[BMW X5 (G05)|X5 M]] mid-size SUV<ref>{{cite web |title=The Next-Generation BMW X5 M Could Debut Early In 2020 |url=https://carbuzz.com/news/the-next-generation-bmw-x5-m-could-debut-early-in-2020 |website=www.carbuzz.com |date=30 December 2017 |access-date=29 July 2019 |language=en-us}}</ref>

* [[BMW X6 (G06)|X6 M]] mid-size coupe SUV<ref>{{cite web |title=2020 BMW X6 (G06) Spied In Spartanburg |url=https://www.autoevolution.com/news/2020-bmw-x6-g06-spied-in-spartanburg-126617.html |website=www.autoevolution.com |access-date=29 July 2019 |language=en |date=25 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190729103150/https://www.autoevolution.com/news/2020-bmw-x6-g06-spied-in-spartanburg-126617.html |archive-date=29 July 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>

File:2021 BMW M3 Competition Automatic 3.0 Front.jpg|[[BMW M3|M3]]

File:BMW M4 (G82) IMG 4183.jpg|[[BMW M4|M4]]

File:BMW M8 Competition IMG 3364.jpg|[[BMW M8|M8]]

File:2019 BMW X4 M Competition Automatic 3.0 Front.jpg|[[BMW X4 (G02)|X4 M]]

File:BMW X5 M (G05) IMG 3370.jpg|[[BMW X5 (G05)|X5 M]]

In 2012, BMW began sponsoring [[Independent Collectors]] production of the ''BMW Art Guide'', which is the first global guide to private and publicly accessible collections of contemporary art worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bmw-art-guide.com/about-the-guide|title=About the Guide – "I don't think anybody has been to all these places."|website=www.bmw-art-guide.com|language=en|access-date=26 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227062721/https://www.bmw-art-guide.com/about-the-guide|archive-date=27 February 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> The fourth edition, released in 2016, features 256 collections from 43 countries.<ref name="Borowik Collection">{{Cite web |title=HYPERALLERGIC: The Fourth BMW Art Guide by Independent Collectors |date=13 December 2016 |url=http://hyperallergic.com/343491/the-fourth-bmw-art-guide-by-independent-collectors/ |access-date=30 June 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190630113622/https://hyperallergic.com/343491/the-fourth-bmw-art-guide-by-independent-collectors/ |archive-date=30 June 2019}}</ref>

 

[[File:BMW Leipzig MEDIA 050719 Download Karosseriebau max.jpg|thumb|[[Spot welding]] 3 Series bodies in Leipzig, Germany]]

 

BMW produces complete automobiles in the following countries:

By 2011, about 56% of BMW-brand vehicles produced are powered by petrol engines and the remaining 44% are powered by diesel engines. Of those petrol vehicles, about 27% are four-cylinder models and <!-- #six-cylinder? -->about nine percent are eight-cylinder models.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.autocar.co.uk/blogs/autocarconfidential/archive/2011/02/18/the-future-of-bmw-s-engines.aspx |title=The future of BMW's engines |date=11 February 2011 |author=Hilton Holloway |publisher=Autocar |url-status = live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117165709/http://www.autocar.co.uk/blogs/autocarconfidential/archive/2011/02/18/the-future-of-bmw-s-engines.aspx |archive-date=17 January 2012 }}</ref> On average, 9,000 vehicles per day exit BMW plants, and 63% are transported by rail.<ref name="alcl1">{{cite web |url=http://automotivelogistics.media/intelligence/bmw-shaping-self-steering-supply-chain |title=BMW's 'connected' logistics: Shaping a self-steering supply chain |author=Christopher Ludwig |date=22 December 2016 |publisher=Automotive Logistics |access-date=6 April 2017 |quote=logistics as the "heart of BMW's production system": 30m parts per day move from 1,800 suppliers; 7,000 sea freight containers per day, and in a year 84m cubic metres across ocean, road, rail and air freight. Outbound, around 9,000 vehicles leave BMW plants each day on their way to 4,500 dealers in 160 countries. 63% of cars leave plants by train |url-status = dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407053706/http://automotivelogistics.media/intelligence/bmw-shaping-self-steering-supply-chain |archive-date=7 April 2017 }}</ref>

 

Annual production since 2005, according to BMW's annual reports:<ref name="AR2010">{{cite web|url=http://annual-report.bmwgroup.com/2010/gb/files/pdf/en/BMW_Group_AR2010.pdf |title=Annual Report 2010 |access-date=16 March 2011 |publisher=BMW Group |url-status = dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110516025402/http://annual-report.bmwgroup.com/2010/gb/files/pdf/en/BMW_Group_AR2010.pdf |archive-date=16 May 2011 }}</ref>

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=== Vehicle importers ===

==== Canada ====

 

BMW sold 28,149 vehicles in Canada in 2008.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of BMW Canada |url=https://www.bmwlondon.ca/history-bmw-canada/|website=www.bmwlondon.ca|access-date=28 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171028094453/https://www.bmwlondon.ca/history-bmw-canada/ |archive-date=28 October 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>