Intervention (counseling): Difference between revisions

An '''intervention''' is an orchestrated attempt by one or many people – usually family and friends – to get someone to seek professional help with ana addiction[[substance use disorder]] or some kind of [[traumatic event (psychological)|traumatic event]] or [[crisis]], or other serious problem. The term intervention is generally used when the traumatic event involves [[Substance dependence|addiction]] to drugs or other items. Intervention can also refer to the act of using a similar technique within a therapy session.

Interventions have been used to address serious personal problems, including [[alcoholismalcohol use disorder]], [[compulsive gambling]], [[drugsubstance abuse]]use disorder, [[eating disorder|compulsive eating]] and other [[eating disorders]], [[self-injurious behaviour|self harm]] and being the victim of [[abuse]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=How to Hold an Alcohol Intervention|url=https://www.alcohol.org/intervention/|access-date=2021-02-26|website=Alcohol.org|language=en-US}}</ref>

There are fourthree major models of intervention in use today: the Johnson Model, the Arise Model, the RAAD Model and the Systemic Family Model.

Plans for an intervention are made by a concerned group of family, friends, and counselor(s), rather than by the drugperson using drugs or alcohol abuser. Whether it is invitation model or direct model, the abuserperson using substances is not included in the decision making process for planning the intervention. A properly conducted direct intervention is planned through cooperation between the identified abuser's family or friends of the person using substances and an intervention counselor, coordinator, or educator. It is important to perform the intervention in an open, large space so as to reassure the abuserperson using substances that they are not trapped or cornered. Ample time must be given to the specific situation; however, basic guidelines can be followed in the intervention planning process. (An intervention can also be conducted in the workplace with colleagues and with no family present.)

Prior to the intervention, the family meets with a counselor or interventionist. Families prepare letters in which they describe their experiences associated with the addict person's behavior, to convey to the person the impact his or her addiction has had on others. Also during the intervention rehearsal meeting, a group member is strongly urged to create a list of activities by the addictaddicted person that they will no longer tolerate, finance, or participate in if the addictaddicted person does not agree to check into a rehabilitation center for treatment. These consequences may be as simple as no longer loaning money to the addictaddicted person, but can be far more serious, such as losing custody of a child.

Family and friends read their letters to the addictaddicted person, who then must decide whether to check into the prescribed rehabilitation center or deal with the promised losses.

There are questions about the long-term effectiveness of interventions for those addicted to drugs or alcohol. A study examining addictspeople who were addicted to substances who had undergone a standard intervention (called the Johnson Intervention) found that they had a higher relapse rate than any other method of referral to outpatient Alcohol and Other Drug treatment.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Johnson intervention and relapse during outpatient treatment|journal=American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse|volume=22|number=3}date=1996–08|doi=10.3109/00952999609001665|year = 1996|last1 = Loneck|first1 = Barry|last2=Garrett|first2=James A.|last3=Banks|first3=Steven M.|pages=363–75|pmid=8841685}}</ref>{{primary source inline|date=September 2018}} "The Johnson Institute intervention entails five therapy sessions that prepare the client and his or her family members for a family confrontation meeting."<ref name="TheCRAMNIAAA">{{cite journal |last1=Miller |first1=William R. |last2=Meyers |first2=Robert J. |last3=Hiller-Sturmhöfel |first3=Susanne |year=1999 |title=The Community-Reinforcement Approach |url=http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/arh23-2/116-121.pdf |journal=Alcohol Research and Health |publication-date=1999 |volume=23 |issue=2 |pages=116–21 |pmid=10890805 |pmc=6760430 |access-date=2014-01-25 |archive-date=2017-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810110801/https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/arh23-2/116-121.pdf |url-status=dead }}p. 119</ref>{{primary<ref>[https://flaglerhealing.com/ sourceDrug And Alcohol Rehab In West Palm Beach], 11 inline|date=September 2018}}2023</ref>

One study compared [[Community Reinforcement Approach and Family Training]] (CRAFT), [[Al-Anon]] facilitation therapy designed to encourage involvement in the 12-step program, and a [[Johnson intervention]] and found that all of these approaches were associated with similar improvements in concerned significant other functioning and improvements in their relationship quality with the addictaddicted person. However, the CRAFT approach was more effective in engaging initially unmotivated problem drinkers in treatment (64%) as compared with the Al-Anon (13%) and Johnson interventions (30%).<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Miller | first1=William R. | last2=Meyers | first2=Robert J. | last3=Tonigan | first3=J. Scott | title=Engaging the unmotivated in treatment for alcohol problems: A comparison of three strategies for intervention through family members. | journal=Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology | volume=67 | issue=5 | year=1999 | pages=688–697 | doi=10.1037/0022-006x.67.5.688 | pmid=10535235 }}</ref>{{primary source inline|date=September 2018}}

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===Fictional interventionsLiterature===