Demographics of Denmark: Difference between revisions

{{Infobox place demographics|image=File:Denmark single age population pyramid 2020.png|image_size=350|place=[[Denmark]]|caption=[[Population pyramid]] of [[Denmark]] in 2020|size_of_population=5,967993,824317 (2024 1 AprilNov. est.)|nation=Dane|major_ethnic=Danish|spoken=Danish|age_0–14_years=16.42%|age_65_years=19.91%|growth=1.0085% (2022 est.)|birth=9.85 births/1,000 population|death=10.02 deaths/1,000 population|net_migration=2.73 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)|sr_at_birth=1.07 male(s)/female|sr_65_years_over=0.7 male(s)/female|total_mf_ratio=0.99 male(s)/female (2022 est.)|infant_mortality=3.04 deaths/1,000 live births|life=81.66 years|life_male=79.74 years|life_female=83.71 years|fertility=1.55 children born/woman (2022)<ref name="cphpost.dk">{{cite web|url=https://cphpost.dk/2022-02-15/news/women-having-more-children-in-denmark/|title=Women having more children in Denmark|website=cphpost.dk|author=CHRISTIANChristian W|date=15 February 2022}}</ref>}}

[[Demography|Demographic]] features of the [[population]] of [[Denmark|Denmark proper]], part of the [[Danish Realm]], include [[Ethnic group|ethnicity]], [[education]] level, [[health]] of the populace, [[Socioeconomic status|economic status]], [[Religious identity|religious affiliations]], and other aspects.

|footnote = Source: [[Statistics Denmark]]<br />2020 estimate<ref>{{cite web|title=Population and population projections|url=https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/emner/befolkning-og-valg/befolkning-og-befolkningsfremskrivning|publisher=Statistics Denmark|access-date=10 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181030090527/https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/emner/befolkning-og-valg/befolkning-og-befolkningsfremskrivning|archive-date=30 October 2018|url-status=dead|language=da|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

! width="50" |Year<ref>{{cite web |title=Statistikbanken |url=http://www.statistikbanken.dk/statbank5a/default.asp?w=1024 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908201150/http://statistikbanken.dk/statbank5a/default.asp?w=1024 |archive-date=8 September 2017 |access-date=29 August 2017 |language=da |website=Statistikbanken.dk}}</ref>

The natural growth of the population (births minus deaths) [[Population decline|was negative]] in 2022, that is, minus 1005 people. The previous last year there was a negative natural increase in the population was in 1988. During 2022, 58,430 children were born, 5,043 fewer than in 2021. In 2022, 59,435 people died, there were 2,283, or 4.0% more than in 2021. The total population in the age group 80 and over grew by 12,844 people, or 4.4%., from 2022 to 2023.<ref name="dst.dk1">{{cite web|url=https://www.dst.dk/da/Statistik/nyheder-analyser-publ/nyt/NytHtml?cid=40195|website=[[Danmarks Statistik]]|title=Ukrainere stod for 45 pct. af befolkningstilvæksten}}</ref>

In 2022, itDenmark had a [[total fertility rate]] (TFR) of 1.55 children per woman in 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fertility |url=https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/emner/borgere/befolkning/fertilitet |access-date=2023-03-05 |website=www.dst.dk |language=en}}</ref> It is the first time in history that immigrant women from non-Western countries now have fewer children on average than women of Danish roots in Denmark. On average, immigrant women have 1.76 children, the descendants have an average of 1.75 children, while women of Danish roots have 1.78 children.<ref name="nyhedertv2">{{cite web|url=https://nyheder.tv2.dk/2022-02-21-indvandrerkvinder-foder-faerre-born-end-danske-kvinder|title=Indvandrerkvinder føder færre børn end danske kvinder|website=nyheder.tv2.dk|date=21 February 2022|author=Ritzau|language=da}}</ref> This is because [[Ukraine|Ukrainians]], who are categorized as non-Western, have come to Denmark in large numbers. In the same year, immigrant women from [[Syria]] had the highest TFR, they gave birth to an average of 3.7 children. They are followed by women from [[Somalia]] and [[Pakistan]], 2020 figures show.<ref name="nyhedertv2"/>

In 2021 the number of childless women in theiraged 50s50 iswas the highest in seven years; 12.3 percent of women ataged that age50 have never had a child, while the 19.5 percent of 50-year-old men do not have children.<ref name="nyheder"/>

In 2021 the average age of the mother at her first birth in Denmark was of 29.8 years, and the father is of 31.5 years.<ref name="nyheder">{{cite web|url=https://www.seoghoer.dk/nyheder/gennemsnitsalderen-stiger-foerstegangsfoedende|title=Gennemsnitsalderen stiger for førstegangsfødende|website=seoghoer.dk|date=17 February 2022|author=Nikolaj Kesting|language=da}}</ref>

[[File:DanishPopulation originpyramid fromof 1980Denmark toover 2020time populationby pyramidorigin.gif|thumb|295x295px|PersonsPopulation pyramid of Danish originDenmark over time fromby 1980 to 2020origin]]

{{see also|Immigration to Denmark|Faroese Danepeople in Denmark|Greenlandic people in Denmark|Armenians in Denmark|Chinese people in Denmark|Greeks in Denmark|History of the Jews in Denmark|Arabs in Denmark|Iraqis in Denmark|Pakistanis in Denmark|Turks in Denmark|Romani people in Denmark|German minority in Denmark|Council for Ethnic Minorities}}

Non-indigenous [[minorityMinority group|ethnic minorities]] include:

* [[Turkish people|Turks]] (including [[Gagauz people|Gagauz]])

* [[Pakistani people|Pakistanis]] (including [[Pashtuns]])

* Approximately 15,000 people<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nordschleswig.dk/SEEEMS/417.asp|title=Willkommen bei der deutschen Minderheit in Dänemark|website=Nordschleswig.dk|access-date=29 August 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130326122618/http://www.nordschleswig.dk/SEEEMS/417.asp|archive-date=26 March 2013|language=da}}</ref> in Denmark belong to a [[NorthGerman Schleswigminority Germansin Denmark|German minority]] traditionally referred to as '''''tysksindet''''' meaning "German-minded" in Danish, and as '''''[[North Schleswig Germans|Nordschleswiger]]''''' in German. This minority of Germans hold [[Danish nationality law|Danish citizenship]] and self-identify as Germans. Many of them speak German or [[Low German]] as their [[First language|home language]]. There are also several thousand German citizens and other ethnic Germans residing in Denmark with no historical connection to this group.

* The [[History of the Jews in Denmark|Danish Jews]] number around 6,000 in 2020 according to the organisation [[Jewish Community in Denmark]], around 1,700 being card-carrying members of the organisation.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mosaiske.dk/jodisk-historie-i-danmark/|title=Dansk jødisk historie|website=Mosaiske.dk|access-date=24 October 2020|language=da}}</ref>

* There are close to 10,000 [[Romani people in Denmark|Roma]] in Denmark]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://folkedrab.dk/artikler/romaer-til-danmark|title=Romaer til Danmark |website=Folkedrab.dk|date=24 September 2015 |access-date=24 October 2020|language=da}}</ref>

For [[asylum seekersseeker]]s and other persons applying for a residence permit in Denmark, there is no unambiguous connection between the time of a granted residence permit and immigration for the person who has been granted the residence permit. The number of residence permits granted in a quarter cannot be interpreted as the quarter's immigration. Citizens of Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden do not need a residence permit to live, work or study in Denmark.

* Western countries: All 28 EU countries and [[Andorra]], [[Iceland]], [[Liechtenstein]], [[Monaco]], [[Norway]], [[San Marino]], [[Switzerland]], [[Vatican State]], [[Canada]], [[USA]], [[Australia]] and [[New Zealand]].

According to 2021 figures from Statistics Denmark, 86%<ref name="statbank.dk">[http://www.statbank.dk/statbank5a/Graphics/MakeGraph.asp?gr_type=1&gr_width=600&gr_height=600&gr_fontsize=11&menu=y&PLanguage=1&pxfile=201282423219110521660FOLK2.px&wonload=600&honload=600&rotate=] {{dead link|date=August 2017}}</ref><ref name="dst.dk">{{cite web |title=IMMIGRANTSImmigrants ANDand THEIRTheir DESCENDANTSDescendants |url=http://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/emner/befolkning-og-valg/indvandrere-og-efterkommere/indvandrere-og-efterkommere |access-date=11 September 2017 |website=Dst.dk}}</ref> of Denmark's population of over 5,840,045 was of Danish descent.<ref>[http://www.statbank.dk/statbank5a/Graphics/MakeGraph.asp?gr_type=5&gr_width=600&gr_height=600&gr_fontsize=11&menu=y&PLanguage=1&pxfile=201282423219110521660FOLK2.px&wonload=600&honload=600&rotate=] {{dead link|date=August 2017}}</ref><ref name="statbank.dk" /> The remaining 14% were of a foreign background, defined as immigrants or descendants of recent immigrants. With the same definition, the most common countries of origin were [[Demographics of Turkey|Turkey]], [[Polish people|Poland]], [[Germans|Germany]], [[Iraqis|Iraq]], [[Romanians|Romania]], [[Syrians|Syria]], [[Somalis|Somalia]], [[Demographics of Iran|Iran]], [[Demographics of Afghanistan|Afghanistan]], and [[Yugoslavs|Yugoslavia]] and its successor states.{{citation needed|date=December 2017}}

! width="40pt" |[[Total fertility rate]]{{refn|group=fn|In [[Developed country|developed countries]], fertility rates, 2.1 and above is a stable population and have been marked blue, 2 and below leads to an [[Population ageing|aging population]] and a [[Population decline|reducing population]].}}

| '''January – AprilSeptember 2023'''

| 1343,966 646

| 4442,018865

| +491781

| '''January – AprilSeptember 2024'''

| 1343,817110

| 42,843357

| +802753

| {{decrease}} -149536 (-1.0723%)

| {{decreasepositive}} -1,175508 (-21.6719%)

| {{increasedecrease}} +311-28

[[File:Urban CopenhagenCphUrbanAreaOnPoliticalMap2.PNGpng|thumb|right|[[Urban area of Copenhagen]] outlined with red line.]]

{{mainMain|Religion in Denmark}}

The [[Church of Denmark]] ({{lang|da|Den danske folkekirke}}) is [[State religion|state-supported]] and, according to statistics from January 2022, accounts for the [[Religious identity|religious affiliation]] of 73.2% of the population.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dst.dk/da/Statistik/nyheder-analyser-publ/nyt/NytHtml?cid=38368|title=NYT: Laveste antal udmeldinger af folkekirken i 15 år|website=www.dst.dk}}</ref> Denmark has had [[religious freedom]] guaranteed since 1849 by [[Constitution of Denmark|the Constitution]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/da00000_.html|title=Denmark – Constitution : Part VII – Section 70|quotation="No person shall for reasons of his creed or descent be deprived of access to complete enjoyment of his civic and political rights, nor shall he for such reasons evade compliance with any common civic duty."|website=Servat.unibe.ch|access-date=29 August 2017}}</ref> and numerous other religions are officially recognised,<ref name="FoR">[http://www.km.dk/fileadmin/share/Trossamfund/Freedom_of_religion.pdf Freedom of religion and religious communities in Denmark] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205165930/http://www.km.dk/fileadmin/share/Trossamfund/Freedom_of_religion.pdf |date=2012-02-05 }} – The Ministry of Ecclesiastical Affairs – May 2006. Km.dk</ref> including several [[List of Christian denominations|Christian denominations]], [[Islam|Muslim]], [[Judaism|Jewish]], [[Buddhism|Buddhist]], [[Hinduism|Hindu]] and other congregations as well as [[Forn Siðr — Ásatrú and Vanatrú Association in Denmark|Forn Siðr]], a revival of [[Old Norse religion|Scandinavian pagan tradition]].<ref name="FoR" /> The [[Minister for Ecclesiastical Affairs (Denmark)|Department of Ecclesiastical Affairs]] recognises roughly a hundred religious congregations for tax and legal purposes such as conducting [[wedding]] ceremonies.

[[Church of Denmark|Evangelical Lutheran]] (official) 74.8%, [[Islam|Muslim]] 5.3%, other (denominations of less than 1% each, include [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]], [[Jehovah's Witness]], [[Serbian Orthodox Church|Serbian Orthodox Christian]], [[Jewish]], [[Baptist]], and [[Buddhist]]) 19.9% (2017 est.)

Although the [[List of sovereign states by tax revenue to GDP ratio|level of taxation in Denmark]] is among the highest in the world]], the [[Employment|labor market participation rate]] is still high compared with other western[[Western world|Western countries]]. Municipal income tax makes up the largest part of taxation in Denmark, with central government income tax topping it up. These [[income taxestax]]es are higher than in other OECD countries. These direct taxes make up two thirds of the taxation on private households with [[indirect tax]]es of the central government, and [[Municipalities of Denmark|municipalities]] (property tax), making up one third, i.e. with motor vehicles (passenger cars, motorcycles, commercial vehicles) sold from [[Value-added tax|VAT]] registered dealerships – because of the registration fee – being among the most expensive in the world, with prices in [[Norway]] at the same level, and the most expensive in [[Singapore]]. Also VAT in Denmark is not reduced from the current 25%. The 25% are paid on all goods and services where VAT is applied. Indirect taxes are about average compared with other European OECD countries. Payroll taxes (Danish ''sociale afgifter'') are much lower than in other OECD countries. The tax structure ensures a broad tax base across the whole population. However, revenue from corporate taxes is lower compared with other European countries. Municipalities and the central government (regions are not allowed to levy any taxes, as they are financed by central government, and municipal block grants) redistribute a large amount of their tax income in transfer payments to [[Municipalities of Denmark|municipalities]] with a low tax base and/or few tax payers. [[Danish pre-school education|It is normal for children]] to be in [[Preschool|nurseries]], which requires a partial payment of the costs or is free of charge [[Welfare spending|for low income households]], and in kindergartens owned and operated, or financed, by the public sector. [[Child benefit]] is paid to parents for each child. The service to [[Pensions in Denmark|old age pensioners]], and [[Disability in Denmark|handicapped]] is extensive.

{{reflist|group=fn|refs=}}

{{CIA World Factbook|year=2009}}

* [http://extranet.dst.dk/pyramide/pyramide.htm Interactive population pyramid 1980-2070] or [https://www.dst.dk/da/Statistik/emner/borgere/befolkning/befolkningsfremskrivning Befolkningsfremskrivning] or google (etc.) "dst.dk pyramide", then click with your mouse on top (1st) search result. Population pyramid: (women (right), men (left), click with mouse on year wanted, or, on blue rectangle, hold mouse down, slide rectangle to the top, then click on "LÅS" ("LOCK"). Silhouet of year 2070 appears. Do that with any year. Then click on circle with triangle in on lower right hand side of population pyramid. English version:click on upper right hand corner: "ENGLISH".