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[[Image:The Historical Atlas, 1911 – Distribution of Races in the Balkan Peninsula and Asia Minor.jpg|thumb|Ethnic groups in the Balkans and Asia Minor, early 20th Century, ''Historical Atlas'', 1911]]
Many
After World War I and the [[Turkish War of Independence]], the [[Ottoman Empire]] was disbanded and the modern Republic of [[Turkey]] was created
[[Image:turkey Peace treaty.gif|thumb|Turkish borders according to the Treaty of Lausanne, 1923]]
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Syrian President [[Hashim al-Atassi]] resigned in protest at continued French intervention in Syrian affairs, maintaining that the French were obliged to refuse the annexation under the [[Franco-Syrian Treaty of Independence (1936)|Franco-Syrian Treaty of Independence of 1936]].
The [[Hassa, Turkey|Hassa]] district of Gaziantep, [[Dörtyol]] district ([[Erzin, Turkey|Erzin]] was nahiya of it) of Adana were then incorporated into Hatay. As a result of the annexation, a number of demographic changes occurred in Hatay. During the six months following the annexation, inhabitants over the age of 18 were given the right to choose between staying and becoming Turkish citizens, or emigrating to the French Mandate of Syria or Greater Lebanon and acquiring French citizenship. If they chose to emigrate, they were given 18 months to bring in their movable assets and establish themselves in their new states. Almost half of the Sunni Arabs left. Many Armenians also left and 1,068 Armenian families were relocated from the six Armenian villages of [[Musa Dagh]] to the [[Beqaa Valley]] which is located in [[Lebanon]]. Many of these Armenians had fled for their lives and settled in the French Mandate of Syria because they were survivors of the [[Armenian genocide|genocide]] which had previously been committed
===Turkish–Syrian dispute===
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{{main|Hatay dispute}}
For much of its premodern history, [[Iskenderun|Alexandretta]], with its capital city [[Antioch]], was considered as part of [[Bilad al-Sham]], the area known today as [[Syria (region)|Syria]]. In [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] times, Hatay was part of the [[Vilayet of Aleppo]] in [[Ottoman Syria]]. In 1920 the [[sanjak]] (province) of Alexandretta was
However, culminating a series of border disputes with France-mandated Syria, Atatürk obtained in 1937 an agreement with France recognizing Alexandretta as an independent state, and in 1939 this state, called the [[Republic of Hatay]], was annexed to [[Turkey]] as the 63rd Turkish province following a controversial referendum. Syria bitterly disputed both the separation of Alexandretta and its subsequent annexation to Turkey.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Khater |first1=Akram Fouad |title=Sources in the History of the Modern Middle East |date=8 January 2010 |publisher=Cengage Learning |isbn=9781111784850 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ZwEAAAAQBAJ}}</ref>{{Page needed|date=September 2022}}
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Syrians hold the view that this land was illegally ceded to Turkey by France, the mandatory occupying power of Syria in the late 1930s. Syria still considers it an integral part of its own territory. Syrians call this land ''Liwa' aliskenderun'' ({{langx|ar|لواء الاسكندرون}}) rather than the Turkish name of Hatay. Official Syrian maps still show Hatay as part of Syria.<ref name="map1">[http://www.parliament.gov.sy/ar/syria.php parliament.gov.sy – معلومات عن الجمهورية العربية السورية] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070602042619/http://www.parliament.gov.sy/ar/syria.php |date=2007-06-02 }}</ref><ref name="map2">[https://www.jstor.org/pss/2193522 "The Alexandretta Dispute"], ''American Journal of International Law''</ref>
Under the leadership of Syrian President [[Bashar al Assad]] from 2000 onwards, there was a lessening of tensions over the Hatay issue. Indeed, in early 2005, when visits from Turkish President [[Ahmet Necdet Sezer]] and Turkish Prime Minister [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] opened a way to discussions between two states. These discussions resulted with the Syrian government agreeing to end its demand that the province should be returned under Syrian sovereignty as a condition to end hostilities; however, there was no official announcement by the Syrians relinquishing their rights of sovereignty.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jpost.com/Opinion/Op-Ed-Contributors/Withdrawing-from-the-Golan-talks |title=Withdrawing from the Golan talks |last=Navon |first=Emmauel |date=20 December 2018|website=www.jpost
Following changes to Turkish land registry legislation in 2003 a large number of properties in Hatay were purchased by Syrian nationals, mostly people who had been residents of Hatay since the 1930s but had retained their Syrian citizenship and were buying the properties that they already occupied. By 2006 the amount of land owned by Syrian nationals in Hatay exceeded the legal limit for foreign ownership of 0.5%, and [[Foreign purchases of real estate in Turkey|sale of lands to foreigners]] was prohibited.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/4558885.asp?m=1&gid=69|title=Hatay'da yabancılara gayrimenkul satışı durduruldu|work=hurriyet.com.tr|access-date=14 January 2017}}</ref>
There has been a policy of cross border
Apart from maps showing Hatay as Syrian territory, the Syrian policy has been to avoid discussing Hatay and giving evasive answers when asked to specify Syrian future goals and ambitions with regard to the area. This has included a complete media silence on the issue.<ref>Lundgren Jörum, Emma: "The Importance of the Unimportant" in Hinnebusch, Raymond & Tür, Özlem: Turkey-Syria Relations: Between Enmity and Amity (Farnham: Ashgate), p 114-122.</ref> In February 2011 the dispute over Hatay was almost solved. The border separating Syria from Hatay was going to be blurred by a shared Friendship Dam on the Orontes river and as part of this project the two states had agreed on the national jurisdiction on each side of the border. Only weeks before the outbreak of the Syrian uprising and later war, groundbreaking ceremonies were held in Hatay and Idlib. As a result of the Syrian war and the extremely tense Turkish-Syrian relations it brought, construction was halted. As part of the ongoing war, the question of the sovereignty of Hatay has resurfaced in Syria and the Syrian media silence has been broken. Syrian media began broadcasting documentaries on the history of the area, the Turkish annexation and [[Turkification]] policies. Syrian newspapers have also reported on demonstrations in Hatay and on organizations and parties in Syria demanding an "end to the Turkish occupation".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://carnegieendowment.org/syriaincrisis/?fa=54340|title=Syria's "Lost Province": The Hatay Question Returns|work=carnegieendowment.org|access-date=14 January 2017}}</ref> However, although the Syrian government has repeatedly criticized the Turkish policies towards Syria and the armed rebel groups operating on Syrian territory, it has not officially brought up the question of Hatay.<ref>Lundgren Jörum, Emma: Beyond Syria's Borders: A history of territorial disputes in the Middle East (London & New York: I.B. Tauris), p 108</ref>
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* [[Kalben]]
* [[Sadullah Ergin]]
* [[Eren Fansa]]
== Mayors of Hatay
* [[1984 Turkish local elections|1984]]-[[1989 Turkish local elections|1989]] Mahmut Alpagot [[Motherland Party (Turkey)|ANAP]]
* [[1989 Turkish local elections|1989]]-[[1994 Turkish local elections|1994]] Mehmet Şükrü Güçlü [[Social Democratic People's Party (Turkey)|SHP]], [[Republican People's Party|CHP]]
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