Gobir: Difference between revisions

| conventional_long_name = Sultanate of Gobir

| common_name = Gobir

| capital = {{ubl|

}}

| religion = {{ubl|

}}

| demonym = {{ubl|

}}

| government_type = [[Elective monarchy]]

| established_event5 = Fall of Alkalawa

| established_date5 = 3 October 1808

| year_end = 1808

| year_start = 1150

| common_languages = {{plainlist|

}}

| title_leader = [[Sarki (title)|Sarki]]

| year_leader2 = 1801–1808

| leader2 = [[Yunfa]] (last)

| s1 = Sokoto Caliphate

| p13 = Tuareg Oligarchy

| flag_s1 = Flag of the Sokoto Caliphate.svg

}}

 

 

===Early history (12th-century to 17th-century)===

 

Although the majority of the Gobirawa ('people of Gobir') were Hausa, the ruling dynasty claimed Coptic descent, marking under their eyes with "[[Eye of Horus|the same mark found under the eye of the Pharaohs on the monuments]]," called ''takin kaza'' ('the fowl's footprint') in [[Hausa language|Hausa]]. This ruling house descended from Bana Turmi, the first Sarkin Gobir, who died at Bilma. They arrived in the [[Aïr Mountains|Asben region]] between the 12th and 14th centuries, establishing a state with the ''Idirfunawa'' (Hausawa in [[Adrar Region|Adrar]]) they met there.<ref name=":1" />{{Rp|page=369}}<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hama |first=Boubou |author-link=Boubou Hama |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FH05AQAAIAAJ |title=Histoire du Gobir et de Sokoto |date=1967 |publisher=Présence africaine |pages=11 |language=fr}}</ref>[[File:Gobir man.jpg|thumb|An early 20th-century depiction of a man from Gobir by {{Interlanguage link|Carl Arriens|de|Carl Arriens}}]]By the 15th-century, Gobir had 'many villages inhabited by shepherds and other herdsmen,' according to [[Leo Africanus]]. It utilised its large number of artisans and linen weavers to produce and export textiles and shoes, 'made like those of the [[Clothing in ancient Rome#Footwear|ancient Romans]],' as far as [[Timbuktu]] and [[Gao]] through [[Soninke Wangara|Wangara]] traders. However, due to constant pressure from the [[Tuareg people|Tuaregs]], its economy suffered, and the Gobirawa were forced to move southwards. The Tuaregs had established the [[Sultanate of Agadez]] earlier in the century, replacing Gobir as the dominant power in the Aïr mountains.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":3" />

 

=== 18th-century ===

Soba's successor, Uban Iche (or Ibn Ashe), was murdered by his son, Babari. Babari took the title of sarki and immediately led raids into Katsina, [[Sultanate of Kano|Kano]], and Shirra in [[Katagum]]. After reigning as Sarkin Gobir for 15 years, he began a series of attacks on Zamfara, despite his sister Fara's marriage to Sarkin Zamfara Maroki. The Zamfarawa fiercely defended against these attacks. However, they eventually abandoned their sarki due to his constant taunting whenever they failed to finish off the Gobirawa. Consequently, the Gobirawa ravaged [[Birnin Zamfara]], the capital of Zamfara, with little resistance. Maroki fled to [[Kiawa]], an ancient hill fortress inhabited by Katsinawa, located about twenty miles east of [[Kaura Namoda]].<ref name=":1" />

 

 

=== Fall (19th-century) ===

# Sanakafo

# Majigi

# Bartuwatuwa

# Bartadawa

! colspan="2" |Reign

|-

|align="center"|Babari

|align="center"|1742

|}

 

{{chart/start|align=center|summary=Tree of Sarakuna of Gobir}}

{{chart||||||||||||||Mmf||||||||border=0|Mmf=Ibn Ashe}}

 

=== Bibliography ===

 

{{Nigerian traditional states}}