Content deleted Content added
Ozzie10aaaa (talk | contribs) |
Ozzie10aaaa (talk | contribs) |
||
Line 254:
[[Autoimmune disorder]]s can often be traced to antibodies that bind the body's own [[epitope]]s; many can be detected through [[blood test]]s. Antibodies directed against [[red blood cell]] surface antigens in immune mediated [[hemolytic anemia]] are detected with the [[Coombs test]].<ref name=Dean>{{cite book | vauthors = Dean L |title= Blood Groups and Red Cell Antigens| year= 2005|publisher=National Library of Medicine (US) |location=NCBI Bethesda (MD)|chapter= Chapter 4: Hemolytic disease of the newborn |chapter-url= https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=rbcantigen.chapter.ch4}}</ref> The Coombs test is also used for antibody screening in [[blood transfusion]] preparation and also for antibody screening in [[antenatal]] women.<ref name=Dean/>
Practically, several immunodiagnostic methods based on detection of complex antigen-antibody are used to diagnose infectious diseases, for example [[ELISA]], [[immunofluorescence]], [[Western blot]], [[immunodiffusion]], [[immunoelectrophoresis]], and [[magnetic immunoassay]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sullivan |first1=Mark V |last2=Stockburn |first2=William J |last3=Hawes |first3=Philippa C |last4=Mercer |first4=Tim |last5=Reddy |first5=Subrayal M |title=Green synthesis as a simple and rapid route to protein modified magnetic nanoparticles for use in the development of a fluorometric molecularly imprinted polymer-based assay for detection of myoglobin |journal=Nanotechnology |date=26 February 2021 |volume=32 |issue=9 |pages=095502 |doi=10.1088/1361-6528/abce2d|pmid=33242844 |bibcode=2021Nanot..32i5502S |doi-access=free |pmc=8314874 }}</ref> Antibodies raised against human [[chorion]]ic [[gonadotropin]] are used in over the counter pregnancy tests.{{cn}}
New dioxaborolane chemistry enables radioactive [[fluoride]] ([[Fluorine-18|<sup>18</sup>F]]) labeling of antibodies, which allows for [[positron emission tomography]] (PET) imaging of [[cancer]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Rodriguez EA, Wang Y, Crisp JL, Vera DR, Tsien RY, Ting R | title = New Dioxaborolane Chemistry Enables [(18)F]-Positron-Emitting, Fluorescent [(18)F]-Multimodality Biomolecule Generation from the Solid Phase | language = EN | journal = Bioconjugate Chemistry | volume = 27 | issue = 5 | pages = 1390–1399 | date = May 2016 | pmid = 27064381 | pmc = 4916912 | doi = 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00164 }}</ref>
| |||