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* ''[[Acanthurus tristis]]'' <small>J. E. Randall, 1993</small> (Indian Ocean mimic surgeonfish)
* ''[[Acanthurus xanthopterus]]'' <small>Valenciennes, 1835</small> (Yellow-fin surgeonfish)
==Etymology==
''Acanthurus'' is a combination of ''acanthus'' meaning "spine" and ''urus'' meaning "tail", a reference to the scalpel like bony plates on the caudal peduncle, these also give rise to the vernacular English names surgeonfish and doctorfish.<ref name = ETYFish>{{cite web | url = https://etyfish.org/acanthuriformes2/ | title = Order ACANTHURIFORMES (part 2): Families EPHIPPIDAE, LEIOGNATHIDAE, SCATOPHAGIDAE, ANTIGONIIDAE, SIGANIDAE, CAPROIDAE, LUVARIDAE, ZANCLIDAE and ACANTHURIDAE | work = The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database | editor1= Christopher Scharpf | editor2 = Kenneth J. Lazara | name-list-style = amp |date = 12 January 2021 | access-date = 10 July 2023 | publisher = Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara}}</ref>
==References==
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