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'''Hamama''' ({{lang-ar|حمامة}}; also known in [[Byzantine]] times as ''Peleia'') was a [[Palestinian people|Palestinian]] town of over 5,000 inhabitants that was depopulated during the [[1948 Arab-Israeli War]].<ref name=DoS1945p31/><ref name=Hadawi45/> It was located 24 kilometers north of [[Gaza City|Gaza]]. It was continuously inhabited from the [[Mamluk Sultanate|Mamluk]] period (in the 13th century) until 1948.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Marom |first=Roy |last2=Taxel |first2=Itamar |date=2023-10-01 |title=Ḥamāma: The historical geography of settlement continuity and change in Majdal ‘Asqalan's hinterland, 1270–1750 CE |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305748823000853 |journal=Journal of Historical Geography |volume=82 |pages=49–65 |doi=10.1016/j.jhg.2023.08.003 |issn=0305-7488|doi-access=free }}</ref>
its ruins are today in the north of the Israeli city of [[Ashkelon]].
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===Ottoman era===
Hamama, like the rest of [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]], was incorporated into the [[Ottoman Empire]] in 1517. In first Ottoman [[Defter|tax register]] of 1526/7 the village had a population of 31 [[Muslim]] households and one [[bachelor]], and it belonged to the ''nahiya'' of Gaza ([[Gaza Sanjak]]).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Marom |first=Roy |last2=Taxel |first2=Itamar |date=2023-10-01 |title=Ḥamāma: The historical geography of settlement continuity and change in Majdal ‘Asqalan's hinterland, 1270–1750 CE |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305748823000853 |journal=Journal of Historical Geography |volume=82 |pages=49–65 |doi=10.1016/j.jhg.2023.08.003 |issn=0305-7488|doi-access=free }}</ref> In the tax registers of 1596 it had a population of 84 Muslim households, an estimated 462 persons. The villagers paid taxes on goats and beehives, in addition to occasional revenues; a total of 6,800 [[akçe]]. All of the revenue went to a [[waqf]].<ref>Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 142. Cited in Khalidi, 1992, p. 98.</ref>
The seventeenth-century traveller [[Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi|al-Nabulsi]] recorded that the tomb (qabr) of Shaykh Ibrahim Abi Arqub was located in the village,<ref name=Petersen146/> while the Syrian [[Sufi]] teacher and traveller Mustafa al-Bakri al-Siddiqi (1688-1748/9) visited Hamama in the first half of the eighteenth century, after leaving [[al-Jura]].<ref>Khalidi, 1992, p. 98.</ref>
[[Roy Marom|Marom]] and [[Itamar Taxel|Taxel]] have shown that during the seventeenth to eighteenth centuries, nomadic economic and security pressures led to settlement abandonment around Majdal ‘Asqalān, and the southern coastal plain in general. The population of abandoned villages moved to surviving settlements, while the lands of abandoned settlements continued to be cultivated by neighboring villages. Thus, Hamama absorbed the lands of Ṣandaḥanna, Mi‘ṣaba, and excluded the lands of Bashsha, an exclave of al-Majdal.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Marom |first=Roy |last2=Taxel |first2=Itamar |date=2023-10-01 |title=Ḥamāma: The historical geography of settlement continuity and change in Majdal ‘Asqalan's hinterland, 1270–1750 CE |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305748823000853 |journal=Journal of Historical Geography |volume=82 |pages=49–65 |doi=10.1016/j.jhg.2023.08.003 |issn=0305-7488|doi-access=free }}</ref>
Hamama appears on [[Pierre Jacotin|Jacotin's]] map drawn-up during [[Napoleon]]'s invasion in 1799, though its position is interchanged with that of [[Ashkelon|Majdal]].<ref>Karmon, 1960, p. [http://www.jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf 173] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222063351/http://jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf |date=2019-12-22 }}</ref><ref>Palestine Exploration Quarterly Jan-Apr 1944.''' Jacotin's Map of Palestine'''. D.H.Kellner. p. 161.</ref> In 1838, ''Hamameh'' was noted as a Muslim village in the Gaza district.<ref>Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, 2nd appendix, p. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/118/mode/1up 118]</ref>
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