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An accidental raises or lowers the following note—and any repetition of it in the same measure—from its regular pitch, overriding the key signature. A sharp raises a note's pitch by a [[semitone]] and a flat lowers it by a semitone. Double sharps ({{Music|x}}) or flats ({{Music|bb}}) may also be used, which alter the unmodified note by two semitones. Accidentals apply to all subsequent instances of the same note within the [[Bar (music)|measure]] unless canceled by another accidental. If a note with an accidental is [[Tie (music)|tied]], the accidental continues to apply, even if the note it is tied to is in the next measure. If a note has an accidental and the note is repeated in a different octave within the same measure the accidental is usually repeated, although this convention was not always universal.
The modern accidental signs derive from the two forms of the lower-case [[B|letter ''b'']] used in [[Gregorian chant]] manuscripts to signify the two pitches of B, the only note that could be altered. The "round" ''b'' became the flat sign, while the "square" ''b'' diverged into the sharp and natural signs.
==Standard use==
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