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{{Use Oxford spelling|date=November 2022}}
'''Palestine''' ({{lang-el|Παλαιστίνη}}, {{Transliteration|el|Palaistínē}}; {{lang-la|Palaestina}}; {{lang-ar|فِلَسْطِينَ}}, {{transl|ar|Filasṭīn}}, {{transl|ar|Falasṭīn}}, {{transl|ar|Filisṭīn}}; {{lang-he|פלשתינה}}, {{Transliteration|he|Palestīna}}) is a [[Historical geography|historical geographical]] term referring to a region in the [[West Asia]], comprising of modern-day [[Israel]], [[State of Palestine]], and in some definitions parts of [[Jordan]]. Other historical names for the region include [[Canaan]], the [[Promised Land]], the [[Land of Israel]], or the [[Holy Land]].
The first written records referring to Palestine emerged in the 12th-century BCE [[Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt]], which used the term ''[[Peleset]]'' for a neighboring people or land. In the 8th century BCE, the [[Assyria]]ns referred to a region as ''Palashtu'' or ''Pilistu''. In the [[Hellenistic period]], these names were carried over into Greek, appearing in the ''[[Histories (Herodotus)|Histories]]'' of [[Herodotus]] in 5th century BCE as ''Palaistine''. The [[Roman Empire]] conquered the region and in 6 CE established the province known as [[Judaea (Roman province)|Judaea]], then in 132 CE in the period of the [[Bar Kokhba revolt]] the province was expanded and renamed [[Syria Palaestina]].{{sfn|Lehmann|1998}} In 390, during the [[Byzantine]] period, the region was split into the provinces of [[Palaestina Prima]], [[Palaestina Secunda]], and [[Palaestina Salutaris|Palaestina Tertia]]. Following the [[Muslim conquest of the Levant]] in the 630s, the military district of [[Jund Filastin]] was established. While Palestine's boundaries have changed throughout history, it has generally comprised the southern portion of regions such as [[Southern Syria|Syria]] or the Levant.
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