Neuroimmunology: Difference between revisions

Neurodevelopmental disorders result from impairments of growth and development of the brain and nervous system and lead to many disorders. Examples of these disorders include [[Asperger syndrome]], [[traumatic brain injury]], [[communication]], speech and language disorders, genetic disorders such as [[fragile-X syndrome]], [[Down syndrome]], [[epilepsy]], and [[fetal alcohol syndrome]]. Studies have shown that [[autism spectrum disorders]] (ASDs) may present due to basic disorders of epigenetic regulation.<ref>{{cite journal | author1 = Herbert M.R.|author1-link=Martha Herbert|author2=Russo J.P.|author3=Yang S.|author4=Roohi J.|author5=Blaxill M.|author6=Kahler S.G.|author7=Cremer L.|author8=Hatchwell E. | year = 2006 | title = Autism and environmental genomics | journal = Neurotoxicology | volume = 27 | issue = 5| pages = 671–684 | doi=10.1016/j.neuro.2006.03.017|pmid=16644012|bibcode=2006NeuTx..27..671H }}</ref> Other neuroimmunological research has shown that deregulation of correlated epigenetic processes in ASDs can alter gene expression and brain function without causing classical genetic lesions which are more easily attributable to a cause and effect relationship.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Badcock C. |author2=Crespi B. | year = 2006 | title = Imbalanced genomic imprinting in brain development: an evolutionary basis for the aetiology of autism | journal = Journal of Evolutionary Biology | volume = 19 | issue = 4| pages = 1007–1032 | doi=10.1111/j.1420-9101.2006.01091.x | pmid=16780503|s2cid=14628770 }}</ref> These findings are some of the numerous recent discoveries in previously unknown areas of gene misexpression.