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'''William Henry Davis''' "'''Alfalfa Bill'''" '''Murray''' (November 21, 1869 – October 15, 1956) was an American [[educator]], [[lawyer]], and [[politician]] who served as the first [[Speaker of the Oklahoma House of Representatives]], a [[U.S. Congressman]] from Oklahoma, and as the 9th [[Governor of Oklahoma]]. He was a [[Southern Democrat]]ic member of the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] who opposed the [[New Deal]] and supported [[racial segregation]].
Murray started his political career with several failed runs for political office in his home state of [[Texas]] before moving to [[Indian Territory]] where he married [[Mary Alice Hearrell Murray]], the niece of [[Chickasaw Nation]] Governor [[Douglas H. Johnston]]. Although not [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|American Indian]], he was appointed by Johnston as the Chickasaw delegate to the 1905 Convention for the proposed [[State of Sequoyah]] and later he was elected as a delegate to the 1906 [[Oklahoma Constitutional Convention]] for the proposed state of [[Oklahoma]]. He served as the president of both [[Constituent assembly|constitutional conventions]].
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After returning to Oklahoma, he was elected the ninth [[governor of Oklahoma]], serving from 1931 to 1935. During his tenure as governor in years of the [[Great Depression]], he established a record for the number of times he used the [[National Guard of the United States|National Guard]] to perform duties in the state and for declaring martial law at a time of unrest.
In his later life, Murray published a three-volume memoir and several books which contained [[Racism|racist]] and [[Antisemitism|antisemitic]] claims. Historian [[Reinhard H. Luthin]] described his [[populist]] campaign tactics and rhetoric as [[demagoguery]]. His son, [[Johnston Murray]], was later elected Governor of Oklahoma.
==Early life, education and family==
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