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===Turkish–Syrian dispute===
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{{main|Hatay dispute}}
For much of its premodern history, [[Iskenderun|Alexandretta]], with its capital city [[Antioch]], was considered as part of [[Bilad al-Sham]], the area known today as [[Syria (region)|Syria]]. In [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] times, Hatay was part of the [[Vilayet of Aleppo]] in [[Ottoman Syria]]. In 1920 the [[sanjak]] (province) of Alexandretta was warded to Syria by the [[League of Nations]] in the guise of a [[France|French]] mandate. In 1936 Alexandretta became the subject of a complaint to the League of Nations by [[Turkey]], which claimed that the privileges of the Turkish plurality in the sanjak were being infringed. (In 1921, there were 87,000 Turks amid a population of 220,000.) Unlike other regions historically belonging to Syrian provinces (such as [[Aintab]], [[Kilis]] and [[Urfa]]), Alexandretta was confirmed as Syrian territory in the [[Treaty of Lausanne]] agreed upon by [[Kemal Atatürk]] but was granted a special autonomous status because it contained a Turkish plurality.
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