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With the exception of the [[barbette]]s, all of the protective plating of the cruisers was [[Harvey armour]]. The curved protective [[deck (ship)|deck]] ranged in thickness from {{convert|2.5|-|4|in|mm|0}} and the [[conning tower]] was protected by {{convert|12|in|0}}. The armour of the gun turrets, their barbettes and the casemates was 6 inches thick. The casemates had {{convert|2|in|0|adj=on}} backs.<ref name=b3/>
==Construction and career==
''Powerful'' was [[laid down]] by [[Vickers Limited]] in their [[Barrow-in-Furness]] [[shipyard]] on 10 March 1894<ref>Friedman, p. 343</ref> and [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 24 July 1895 by the [[Louisa Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire]].<ref>Bronze medallion showing on the obverse a ship and the words 'H.M.S. "POWERFUL"'. The reverse bears the words 'H.M.S. POWERFUL LENGTH 500 FEET 2500 HORSE POWER LAUNCHED BY HER GRACE THE DUCHESS OF DEVONSHIRE AT BARROW IN FURNESS 24TH JULY 1895 THIS MEDAL IS MADE OF BRONZE FROM H.M.S. POWERFUL'. Medallion held by the Australian War Memorial - image reference ID Number: REL/09940</ref> The ship was [[Ship commissioning|commissioned]] on 8 June 1897 with [[Captain (Royal Navy)|Captain]] the Hon. [[Hedworth Meux|Hedworth Lambton]] in command for service on the China Station. Her departure was delayed so that she could participate in the [[Fleet review (Commonwealth realms)#Queen Victoria|fleet review]] commemorating [[Queen Victoria#Diamond Jubilee|Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee]] on 26 June and the annual fleet manoeuvres in July.
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