Mixed-race Brazilian: Difference between revisions

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{{more footnotes|date=September 2015}}
 
Brazilian censuses do not use a "[[multiracial]]" category. Instead, the censuses use [[skin colour]] categories. Most Brazilians of visibly mixed racial origins self-identify as [[Pardo Brazilians|pardos]]. However, many [[White Brazilians]] have distant non-white ancestry, while the group known as pardos likely contains non-mixed acculturated Amerindians. According to the 2010 census, "pardos" make up 82.277 million people, or 43.13% of Brazil's population.<ref name="PNAD 2005">{{cite web |title=PNAD |year=2006 |url=http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/trabalhoerendimento/pnad2006/brasilpnad2006.pdf |language=Portuguese |accessdate=2007-09-14 }}</ref>
 
According to some [[DNA]] researches, Brazilians ''predominantly'' possess some degree of mixed-race ancestry, though less than half of the country's population classified themselves as "pardos" in the census.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nacaomestica.org|title=Nação Mestiça - Movimento Pardo-Mestiço Brasileiro|accessdate=27 June 2016}}</ref> This is not seen as any kind of misclassification, since the census categories are not and do not intend to be, based on ancestry, but rather on skin colour.
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==White/Amerindian==
Most of the first colonists from Portugal who arrived in Brazil were [[Single (relationship)person|singlesingles]]s or did not bring their [[wife|wives]]. For that reason the first [[Interracial marriage|interracial marriages]]{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}} in Brazil occurred between Portuguese [[male]]s and Amerindian [[female]]s.<ref>[http://www.brasilcultura.com.br/conteudo.php?menu=85&id=1991&sub=2064 BRASIL CULTURA | O site da cultura brasileira<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>{{Failed verification|date=April 2010}}
 
In Brazil, people of White/Indian ancestry are historically known as [[caboclo]]s or [[mameluco]]s. They predominated in many regions of Brazil. One example are the [[Bandeirantes]] (Brazilian colonial [[Reconnaissance|scout]]s who took part in the [[Bandeiras]], exploration expeditions) who operated out of [[São Paulo]], home base for the most famous bandeirantes.
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According to some{{Who|date=April 2010}} historians, Portuguese settlers in Brazil used to prefer to marry Portuguese-born females. If not possible, the second option were Brazilian-born females of recent Portuguese background. The third option were Brazilian-born women of distant Portuguese ancestry. However, the number of White females in Brazil was very low during the Colonial period, causing a large number of interracial relationships in the country.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.trentu.ca/admin/publications/psr/sample/1012.pdf|title=Search - Trent University :: Peterborough • Durham, Ontario, Canada - Trent University|accessdate=27 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090320031858/http://www.trentu.ca/admin/publications/psr/sample/1012.pdf|archive-date=20 March 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 
White/Black relationships in Brazil started as early as the first Africans were brought as [[slaveSlavery|slaves]]s in 1550 where many portuguese men starting marrying black women. The [[Mulatto]]es (people of White/Black ancestry) were also enslaved,{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}} though some children of rich [[Aristocracy (class)|aristocrats]] and owners of gold mines were educated and became important people in Colonial Brazil.{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}} Probably, the most famous case was [[Chica da Silva]], a mixed-race Brazilian slave{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}} who married{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}} a rich gold mine owner and became one of the richest people in Brazil.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bairrodocatete.com.br/chicadasilva1.html |title=Chica da Silva<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2007-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070809233550/http://www.bairrodocatete.com.br/chicadasilva1.html |archive-date=2007-08-09 |url-status=dead }}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=April 2010}}
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