Etmopteridae is a family of sharks in the order Squaliformes, commonly known as lantern sharks. Their name comes from the presence of light-producing photophores on their bodies. The members of this family are small, under 90 cm (35 in) long, and are found in deep waters worldwide.[1] There are 44 species in five genera. Three-quarters of the species are in the genus Etmopterus.
| Lantern sharks | |
|---|---|
| |
| Velvet belly lantern shark, Etmopterus spinax | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Phylum: | |
| Class: | |
| Subclass: | |
| Order: | |
| Family: | Etmopteridae Fowler, 1934
|
Genera
- Aculeola de Buen, 1959
- Aculeola nigra de Buen, 1959 (Hooktooth dogfish)
- Centroscyllium J. P. Müller & Henle, 1841
- Centroscyllium excelsum Shirai & Nakaya, 1990 (Highfin dogfish)
- Centroscyllium fabricii (Reinhardt, 1825) (Black dogfish)
- Centroscyllium granulatum Günther, 1887 (Granular dogfish)
- Centroscyllium kamoharai Abe, 1966 (Bareskin dogfish)
- Centroscyllium nigrum Garman, 1899 (Combtooth dogfish)
- Centroscyllium ornatum (Alcock, 1889) (Ornate dogfish)
- Centroscyllium ritteri D. S. Jordan & Fowler, 1903 (Whitefin dogfish)
- Etmopterus Rafinesque, 1810
- Etmopterus baxteri (Garrick, 1957) (New Zealand lanternshark)
- Etmopterus bigelowi Shirai & Tachikawa, 1993 (Blurred smooth lanternshark)
- Etmopterus brachyurus (H. M. Smith & Radcliffe, 1912) (Shorttail lanternshark)
- Etmopterus bullisi (Bigelow & Schroeder, 1957) (Lined lanternshark)
- Etmopterus burgessi Schaaf-Da Silva & Ebert, 2006[2]
- Etmopterus carteri (S. Springer & Burgess, 1985) (Cylindrical lanternshark)
- Etmopterus caudistigmus Last, Burgess & Séret, 2002
- Etmopterus compagnoi Fricke & I. Koch, 1990
- Etmopterus decacuspidatus (W. L. Chan, 1966) (Combtooth lanternshark)
- Etmopterus dianthus Last, Burgess & Séret, 2002
- Etmopterus dislineatus Last, Burgess & Séret, 2002
- Etmopterus evansi Last, Burgess & Séret, 2002
- Etmopterus fusus Last, Burgess & Séret, 2002
- Etmopterus gracilispinis (G. Krefft, 1968) (Broadbanded lanternshark)
- Etmopterus granulosus (Günther, 1880) (Southern lanternshark)
- Etmopterus hillianus (Poey, 1861) (Caribbean lanternshark)
- Etmopterus litvinovi Parin & Kotlyar, 1990 (Smalleye lantern shark)
- Etmopterus lucifer (D. S. Jordan & Snyder, 1902 (Blackbelly lanternshark)
- Etmopterus molleri (Whitley, 1939) (Moller's lanternshark)
- Etmopterus perryi (S. Springer & Burgess, 1985) (Dwarf lanternshark)
- Etmopterus polli (Bigelow, Schroeder & S. Springer, 1953) (African lanternshark)
- Etmopterus princeps (Collett, 1904) (Great lanternshark)
- Etmopterus pseudosqualiolus Last, Burgess & Séret, 2002
- Etmopterus pusillus (R. T. Lowe, 1839) (Smooth lanternshark)
- Etmopterus pycnolepis Kotlyar, 1990 (Dense-scale lantern shark)
- Etmopterus robinsi Schofield & Burgess, 1997
- Etmopterus schultzi (Bigelow, Schroeder & S. Springer, 1953) (Fringefin lanternshark)
- Etmopterus sentosus (Bass, D'Aubrey & Kistnasamy, 1976) (Thorny lanternshark)
- Etmopterus spinax (Linnaeus, 1758) (Velvet belly)
- Etmopterus splendidus Yano, 1988 (Splendid lanternshark)
- Etmopterus tasmaniensis Myagkov & Pavlov, 1986 (Tasmanian lanternshark)
- Etmopterus unicolor (Engelhardt, 1912) (Brown lanternshark)
- Etmopterus villosus (Gilbert, 1905) (Hawaiian lanternshark)
- Etmopterus virens Bigelow, Schroeder & S. Springer, 1953 (Green lanternshark)
- Miroscyllium Shirai & Nakaya, 1990
- Miroscyllium sheikoi (Dolganov, 1986) (Rasptooth dogfish)
- Trigonognathus Mochizuki and Ohe, 1990
- Trigonognathus kabeyai Mochizuki & Ohe, 1990 (Viper dogfish)
References
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Family Etmopteridae". FishBase. February 2011 version.
- ^ Silva & Ebert (2006). "Etmopterus burgessi sp. nov., a new species of lanternshark (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) from Taiwan". Zootaxa. 1373: 53–64.