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Born to Die

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Born to Die is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter Lana Del Rey.[1] The album was released on January 27, 2012 on iTunes and on January 31, 2012 by Interscope Records, Polydor Records, and Stranger Records. After signing a record contract with Stranger in June 2011, Del Rey released her debut single, "Video Games", which propelled her online popularity. Del Rey then started to give interviews to several newspapers and online magazines, as well as making live appearances to promote her work. The album's second single, "Born to Die", was released on December 30, 2011.

Untitled

Del Rey evokes elements of music artists such as Elvis Presley, Britney Spears, and Antony and the Johnsons. Musically, Born to Die is a pop album but derives characteristics from such musical genres as alternative hip hop, sadcore, and alternative pop. Born to Die received mixed reviews from contemporary critics, praising its distinctive sound, while criticized the songs' repetitiveness and the melodramatic production, which they thought was too overwhelming over the course of 12–15 tracks. Despite attracting polarization from music commentators, the album was generally a commercial success. It topped the charts in eleven countries including Australia, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom.

Del Rey embarked on a worldwide tour in 2011 in support of her debut album, the Born to Die Tour.

Background

"I learned that there's no reason why people decide they like music when they do. Even if you're the best singer in the world, there's a good chance no one will ever hear you. You make a decision to keep singing or to stop. I've been singing in Brooklyn since I was 17 and no one in the industry cared at all. I haven't changed a thing since then and yet things seem to be turning around for me. Perhaps the angels decided to shine on me for a little while."

—Del Rey talking to Ryan Dombal of Pitchfork Media.[2]

Del Rey released a three-track EP Kill Kill in 2008 under the name Lizzy Grant, followed by a debut album Lana Del Ray A.K.A. Lizzy Grant in 2010.[3][4] It was the singer's first professionally produced album, released under Lizzy Grant on an independent label with producer David Kahne.[4] Del Rey stated that "David asked to work with me only a day after he got my demo. He has been known as a producer with a lot integrity and who had an interest in making music that wasn't just pop."[5] The EP was available for purchase on iTunes for a brief period before being withdrawn. According to David Kahne, who produced Grant, Grant bought the rights back from [her label] 5 Points as she wanted it out of circulation to stifle future opportunities to distribute it as she had been offered a better deal—an echo of rumors that the action was part of a calculated strategy, also confirmed in an interview with David Nichtern label owner of 5 Points Records.[6][7] Later in June 2011, Del Rey was signed with Stranger Records,[8] to release her debut single "Video Games";[8] in October 2011, she signed a joint deal with Interscope Records and Polydor Records.[9][10][11] While being interviewed by Rosie Swash of The Observer, Del Rey revealed, "I just put that song online a few months ago because it was my favourite. To be honest, it wasn't going to be the single but people have really responded to it. I get very sad when I play that song. I still cry sometimes when I sing it."[12] It was later reported that the singer would release her second studio album under the labels in January 2012.[11] During an interview with French TV show Taratata, Del Rey revealed that the album would be titled Born to Die.[13] It was released on January 27, 2012 in Brazil[14] and in Ireland,[15] January 30, 2012, in the UK, and on January 31, 2012 worldwide.[16]

Composition

 
"National Anthem"
A 22-second sample of the song's chorus, features Del Rey incorporating a Jessica Rabbit persona over a "lush-strings-meet-hard-beats" background.[17]
"Summertime Sadness"
A 26 second sample of the song's final chorus, in which Del Rey states, "Baby you da best/Kiss me hard before you go."[18]
Problems playing these files? See media help.

Del Rey stated the use of her lower vocals on the tracks claiming that "people weren't taking me very seriously, so I lowered my voice, believing that it would help me stand out. Now I sing quite low... well, for a female anyway."[19] The singer's first singles, "Video Games" and "Born to Die" were described variously as "quasi-cabaret balladry",[20] "woozy and sometimes soporific soundtrack soul",[21] "pop",[22] and "indie pop".[23] Her own description of her music is "Hollywood sadcore".[24] Tim Lee of musicOMH noted the songs are extremely similar, commenting that "her (alleged) agents clearly having stumbled upon a formula with which they can (allegedly) print money and (allegedly) further consign Lana's secretive, (allegedly) real debut LP to the annals of history. You didn't hear it from us, right?"[25] Del Rey has once described herself as a "gangsta Nancy Sinatra",[26] though she cites Britney Spears, Elvis Presley and Antony and the Johnsons as her musical influences.[27] When asked about her musical style, the singer stated:

"I would have loved to be part of the indie community. But I wasn't. I was looking for a community, I don't even know any people who are musicians. I never met that indie popular indie, whoever the fuck that is. Who IS indie? First of all, I can't really get my head around what indie music is. Because if you've heard of it, it's sort of pop music, right? Because it's, like, popular? Or is it just that it's not on the radio? It's not like I was in an indie community and then I blew up. It's like, I was living on the street and I'm not – like, for real, you know what I'm saying?"[11]

The third track, "Blue Jeans", was influenced by hip-hop and has a minimalist beat that recalls songs by Timbaland.[28] Del Rey also raps in a few verses of the song such as "You’re so fresh to death and sick as cancer/Love you more than those bitches before".[28] "Off to the Races" has been lyrically described as "a freak show of inappropriate co-dependency",[29] with a chorus that recalls Sheryl Crow's "down and out drunken loner persona" in her 1994 single "Leaving Las Vegas".[29] Pryia Elan of NME noted the track "almost falls under the weight of this persona. There's none of 'Video Games'' measured, piano-led reflection. Instead the psychosexual rumblings of the lyrics and the dual voices she uses off set the comparatively simple musical shades on display."[29]

Critical reception

Professional ratings
Aggregate scores
SourceRating
Metacritic(61/100)[30]
Review scores
SourceRating
Allmusic     [31]
Entertainment Weekly(C+)[32]
The Guardian     [33]
The Independent     [34]
Los Angeles Times(mixed)[35]
The New York Times(negative)[36]
The Observer     [37]
Paste Magazine(6.4/10)[38]
Pitchfork Media(5.5/10)[39]
Rolling Stone     [40]
Slant Magazine     [17]
The Guardian     [41]

Born to Die received generally mixed reviews from music critics.[30] At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted mean rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 61, based on 37 reviews, which indicates "generally favorable reviews".[30] Jaime Gill of BBC Music commented that the album "isn't perfect", criticizing the production of songs such as "Dark Paradise".[42] However, Gill concluded that Born to Die is the most distinctive debut album since Glasvegas's eponymous disc released in 2008.[42] Slant Magazine writer Sal Cinquemani gave the album 4 out of 5 stars, and commented that several tracks had their production changed for the album, making tracks such as "National Anthem" and "This is What Makes Us Girls" less "radio-friendly".[17] Cinquemani stated that, "ironically, the album's sole weakness is the strength of its immaculate production, which can be a bit overwhelming over the course of 12 tracks."[17] Alexis Petridis of The Guardian also graded it 4 out of 5 stars, saying that Born to Die is "beautifully turned pop music, which is more than enough", with most melodies "constructed magnificently", while also stating that Del Rey "doesn't have the lyrical equipment to develop a persona throughout the album."[33] Greg Kot of the Chicago Tribune gave a negative review, and highly criticized the repetitive production.[43][44]

Rob Sheffield of Rolling Stone declared that the lyrics, with their "pop-trash perversity", were the strength of the album but that Del Rey had a voice that was “pinched and prim” and that she "wasn't ready to make an album yet". Sheffield rated the album 2 out of 5 and concluded, "given her chic image, it's a surprise how dull, dreary and pop-starved Born to Die is".[40] Allmusic gave the album two-and-a-half out of five, saying "There is a chasm that separates 'Video Games' from the other material and performances on the album, which aims for exactly the same target—sultry, sexy, wasted—but with none of the same lyrical grace, emotional power, or sympathetic productions... an intriguing start, but Del Rey is going to have to hit the books if she wants to stay as successful as her career promised early on".[31] Sputnikmusic disliked the album, saying "The worst thing about Born to Die is that even its great songs contain problems"[45] The Observer's Kitty Empire rated the album 3 out of 5 stars, and said that, unlike pop singers Lady Gaga and Katy Perry and their "hedonic outpourings", "Lana Del Rey's partying is fuelled by a knowing sadness, and sung in that laconic, hypnotic voice, which ultimately saves this thoroughly dissolute, feminist nightmare of a record for the romantics among us."[37]

The A.V Club panned the album, calling it "Shallow and overwrought, with periodic echoes of Ke$ha's Valley Girl aloofness, the album lives down to the harshest preconceptions against pop music."[46] Randall Roberts of Los Angeles Times also noted that the singer's vocals have "so much potential and yet [are] unrefined", and said that despite having stand out tracks like "Summertime Sadness" and "Dark Paradise", listening to the album "has become tiring and woozy, like if you'd taken a half-dozen Ambiens when you'd put the record on – and now you’re getting very, very sleepy."[35] Pitchfork's Lindsay Zoladz gave the album 5.5/10, and commented: "The album's point of view—if you could call it that—feels awkward and out of date... [it] never allows tension or complexity into the mix, and its take on female sexuality ends up feeling thoroughly tame. For all of its coos about love and devotion, it's the album equivalent of a faked orgasm—a collection of torch songs with no fire."[39] NME gave a positive review, giving the album 8/10 and saying "Although it's not quite the perfect pop record 'Video Games' might have led us to wish for, Born To Die still marks the arrival of a fresh—and refreshingly self-aware—sensibility in pop."[47]

Commercial performance

Born to Die was generally a commercial success. In the United Kingdom, it sold 50,000 copies on its first day of release.[48] It debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and sold 116,745 copies. By accumulating digital sales of 50,007, the album became the fifth album ever to sell upwards of 50,000 downloads in a single week.[49] Born to Die remained at the summit of the chart in its second week, selling an additional 60,000 copies.[50] The album had sold around 455,000 copies by the week ending 2 June 2012 in the UK.[51] In the United States, the album attained first-week sales of 77,000 copies, subsequently debuting at number two on the Billboard 200, behind 21 by Adele.[52] According to Billboard Brasil, the album had sold over 1,500,000 copies as of February 29, 2012.[53]

Promotion

 
Del Rey performing during a promotional concert held in Amsterdam, 2011.

Del Rey's song "Video Games" was featured for the first time on prime spot on The CW's TV series Ringer on September 28, 2011 during a pivotal scene, propulsing Del Rey into mainstream.[54] Del Rey also promoted the album with performances in a number of live appearances, including for MTV Push,[55] and at the Bowery Ballroom, where, according to Eliot Glazer of New York, "the polarizing indie hipstress brought her 'gangsta Nancy Sinatra' swagu."[56] Matthew Perpetua of Rolling Stone commented that, despite Del Rey being nervous and anxious while performing her songs live, the singer "sang with considerable confidence, though her transitions from husky, come-hither sexuality to bratty, girlish petulance could be rather jarring."[57] Del Rey also performed "Video Games" on Dutch television program De Wereld Draait Door,[58] on British music television show Later... with Jools Holland,[59] and on an intimate show at Chateau Marmont in West Hollywood, California.[60] Del Rey also gave several interviews for newspapers and online magazines such as The Quietus,[5] The Observer,[12] and Pitchfork Media,[2] while creating her own music videos for several tracks such as "Blue Jeans" and "Off to the Races".[61][62] On January 14, 2012, Del Rey appeared on Saturday Night Live to perform "Blue Jeans" and "Video Games". Her performance soon came under scrutiny, and was even criticized by NBC anchor Brian Williams, who referred to the performance as "the worst in SNL history".[63] Hosts Andy Samberg and Daniel Radcliffe quickly came to her defence, with the latter stating the criticism towards her was less about the performance and more about "her past and her family".[63] The following week, SNL star Kristen Wiig portrayed Del Rey in a skit where she was interviewed by head writer Seth Meyers. In the skit, Wiig as Del Rey sarcastically and cleverly highlighted the pretentiousness of the criticism directed at her. The CW's TV series Ringer played another Del Rey song "Blue Jeans" on February 14, 2012 during the last scene of episode 13.[64]

Singles

"Video Games" was released as Del Rey's debut single on October 10, 2011.[65] The song received mostly positive reviews from contemporary critics, who praised Del Rey's vocals and considered it as one of the best songs of 2011.[66][67] "Video Games" attained worldwide success, reaching number one in Germany and top-ten positions in Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Netherlands, Ireland, Poland, Scotland, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.[68][69][70] An accompanying music video was directed and edited by Del Rey, assembled from video clips of skateboarders, cartoons, shots from old movies, and paparazzi footage of Paz de la Huerta falling down while intoxicated.[71] The music video was considered as the one that propelled the singer's online popularity.[71] The second single and title track, "Born to Die", was released as a digital download on December 30, 2011.[72] The music video for it leaked on December 14, 2011,[73] and was based on a concept created by the singer, while being directed by Yoann Lemoine.[74] The music video received generally favorable reviews from contemporary critics.[75]

Del Rey announced "Blue Jeans" as the third single from the album. It was officially released on April 6, 2012.[76] An accompanying music video, directed by Yoann Lemoine, premiered around the web on March 19, 2012.[77]. "Blue Jeans" was also released as an official single in the U.S., it impacted Triple A radio on May 21, 2012. "Summertime Sadness" was released as a single in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland on June 22, 2012.[78] The music video for "Summertime Sadness" was filmed on April 21 and May 20, 2012. "National Anthem" will be released as the fourth UK single on July 8, 2012.[79] The official music video was filmed on May 23 and May 24, 2012.

Other songs

Due to strong digital downloads following the album's release, "Radio" debuted at number 67 in France and "Without You" debuted at number 121 in the UK.[80][81]. "Off to the Races" was released as a promotional single in The Netherlands on January 6, 2012.[82] A music video, directed by Del Rey, was released on December 22, 2011.[83] "Carmen" was released as a promotional single in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland on January 26, 2012.[84][85][86] On February 27, 2012, Del Rey revealed through her Facebook that the video for the song "Carmen" was shot and would be finished being edited that day. The video for "Carmen" was released on April 21, 2012.[87]. In an interview, Del Rey stated she plans to release a music video for "Dark Paradise" in September 2012.[88]

Track listing

No.TitleWriter(s)Producer(s)Length
1."Born to Die"Lana Del Rey, Justin ParkerEmile Haynie4:46
2."Off to the Races"Del Rey, Tim LarcombePatrik Berger, Haynie5:00
3."Blue Jeans"Del Rey, Haynie, Dan HeathHaynie3:30
4."Video Games"Del Rey, ParkerRobopop4:42
5."Diet Mountain Dew"Del Rey, Mike DalyHaynie, Jeff Bhasker*3:43
6."National Anthem"Del Rey, Parker, David Sneddon, James Bauer-MeinHaynie, Bhasker^3:51
7."Dark Paradise"Del Rey, Rick NowelsHaynie, Rick Nowels*4:03
8."Radio"Del Rey, ParkerHaynie, Parker^3:34
9."Carmen"Del Rey, ParkerHaynie, Bhasker^4:08
10."Million Dollar Man"Del Rey, Chris BraideHaynie, Braide3:51
11."Summertime Sadness"Del Rey, Nowels, Kieran De JourHaynie, Rick Nowels*4:25
12."This Is What Makes Us Girls"Del Rey, Larcombe, Jim IrvinAl Shux, Haynie3:58
Total length:49:28
Special edition bonus tracks
No.TitleWriter(s)Producer(s)Length
13."Without You"Del Rey, Sacha SkarbekHaynie3:49
14."Lolita"Del Rey, Liam Howe, Hannah RobinsonHaynie3:40
15."Lucky Ones"Del Rey, NowelsHaynie, Nowels*3:45
Total length:60:40
Target exclusive bonus tracks[89]
No.TitleWriter(s)Producer(s)Length
13."Without You"Del Rey, SkarbekHaynie3:49
14."Lolita"Del Rey, Howe, RobinsonHaynie3:40
Total length:56:51
French digital edition bonus track[90]
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
16."Video Games" (White Lies C-Mix)Del Rey, Parker7:32
Total length:67:52
North American iTunes Store bonus track[91]
No.TitleWriter(s)Producer(s)Length
16."Video Games" (Joy Orbison Remix)Del Rey, ParkerRobopop, Orbison (remix)4:59
Total length:65:38
German iTunes Store bonus content[92]
No.TitleDirector(s)Length
16."Born to Die" (Music video)Yoann Lemoine4:45
17."Video Games" (Performance edit)  

(*) denotes co-producer
(^) denotes additional producer

Notes

  • Track listing and credits from album booklet.[93]

Personnel

Performance
Technical

Charts and certifications

References

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