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'{{About||the ethnic group|Ifugao people|the language|Ifugao language|other uses}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Ifugao | native_name = | official_name = Province of Ifugao | other_name = | settlement_type = {{PH wikidata|settlement_type}} | image_skyline = Batad rice terraces in Ifugao.jpg | image_caption = The [[Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras]], a [[UNESCO World Heritage Site]] | image_flag = {{PH wikidata|image_flag}} | flag_size = 120x80px | image_seal = {{PH wikidata|image_seal}} | seal_size = 100x80px | image_shield = | shield_alt = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = {{PH wikidata|image_map}} | map_alt = | map_caption = Location in the Philippines | coordinates_wikidata = true | coordinates_type = type:adm1st_source:GNS-enwiki | coordinates_display = inline,title | coordinates_format = dms | coordinates_region = {{PH wikidata|iso_region}} | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]] | subdivision_name = {{PH wikidata|country}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of the Philippines|Region]] | subdivision_name1 = {{PH wikidata|region}} (CAR) | established_title = Founded | established_date = June 18, 1966 | seat_type = Capital | seat = {{PH wikidata|seat}} | leader_party = | government_type = {{PH wikidata|government_type}} | leader_title = [[Governor]] | leader_name = Denis Habawel ([[Independent (politician)|Independent]]) | leader_title1 = [[Vice Governor]] | leader_name1 = Pedro Mayam-o ([[Liberal Party (Philippines)|LP]]) | area_footnotes = <ref name=list>{{cite web |title=List of Provinces |url=http://www.nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/listprov.asp |work=PSGC Interactive |publisher=National Statistical Coordination Board |accessdate=20 December 2013 |location=Makati City, Philippines}}</ref> | area_total_km2 = {{PH wikidata|area}} | area_rank = 50th out of 81 | area_note = | population_footnotes = {{PH census|current}} | population_total = {{PH wikidata|population_total}} | population_as_of = {{PH wikidata|population_as_of}} | population_rank = 72nd out of 81 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_density_rank = 74th out of 81 | population_note = | elevation_m = | demographics_type1 = Divisions | demographics1_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> | demographics1_title1 = [[Cities of the Philippines#Independent cities|Independent&nbsp;cities]] | demographics1_info1 = 0 | demographics1_title2 = [[Cities of the Philippines|Component cities]] | demographics1_info2 = 0 | demographics1_title3 = [[Municipalities of the Philippines|Municipalities]] | demographics1_info3 = {{Collapsible list | titlestyle = font-weight:normal;text-align:left;background-color:WhiteSmoke; | title = 11 | {{PH wikidata|municipalities}} }} | demographics1_title4 = [[Barangay]]s | demographics1_info4 = [[List of barangays in Ifugao|175]] | demographics1_title5 = [[House of Representatives of the Philippines|Districts]] | demographics1_info5 = [[Legislative district of Ifugao|Lone district of Ifugao]] | blank_name_sec1 = Spoken languages | blank_info_sec1 = {{hlist | item-style=white-space:nowrap; | [[Ifugao language|Ifugao]] | [[Ilocano language|Ilocano]] | [[Tuwali language|Tuwali]] | [[Ayangan language|Ayangan]] | [[Kalanguya language|Kalanguya]] | [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]] | [[English language|English]] }} | timezone = [[Philippine Standard Time|PHT]] | utc_offset = +8 | postal_code_type = [[List of ZIP codes in the Philippines|ZIP code]] | postal_code = {{PH wikidata|postal_code}} | area_code_type = {{areacodestyle}} | area_code = {{PH wikidata|area_code}} | iso_code = {{PH wikidata|iso_code}} | website = | footnotes = }} '''Ifugao''' is a landlocked [[Provinces of the Philippines|province]] of the [[Philippines]] in the [[Cordillera Administrative Region]] in [[Luzon]]. Its capital is [[Lagawe, Ifugao|Lagawe]] and it borders [[Benguet]] to the west, [[Mountain Province]] to the north, [[Isabela (province)|Isabela]] to the east, and [[Nueva Vizcaya]] to the south. The [[Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras]] and [[Banaue Rice Terraces]] are the main tourist attractions in the province. These terraces were handcarved into the mountains 2,000 years ago to plant rice. In 1995, they were declared as a [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]].<ref name=UNESCO /> {{TOC limit|3}} ==Etymology== Ifugao is named after the term ''i-pugo'' (''"i"'' [from/people] and ''pugo'' [hill]), which translates to ''people of the hill''.<ref name=PSA-NSCB[2]>{{cite web|title=Facts & Figures: Ifugao Province|url=http://www.nscb.gov.ph/rucar/fnf_ifugao.htm|website=[[Philippine Statistics Authority]] - National Statistical Coordination Board|publisher=[[Department of the Interior and Local Government]] - [[Cordillera Administrative Region]]|accessdate=2 January 2015}}</ref> ==History== ===Precolonial age=== Prior to colonization, Ifugao was a massive highland plutocracy, among the most sophisticated and prosperous of its kind in the whole archipelago and one of the two grandest highland plutocracies in Luzon, the other being the Plutocracy of Kalinga. The state existed for over 2,000 years and have built massive rice terraces that would be a symbol of the province in later time. There were no monarchs in the state. The state was ruled by its council of elders which led the state into a peaceful and prosperous plutocracy which developed one of the best agricultural technologies in Asia at its time. The state consisted of various subgroups which had similar yet somewhat distinct culture and traditions. Conflicts among the [[Ifugao people]] were resolved in the most peaceful way possible. Unlike most of the highland plutocracies in the Cordilleras at the time, the Plutocracy of Ifugao had the least conflict with lowland settlers or [[Ilocano people|Ilokanos]]. [[Kiangan]] was known as the birthplace of the Ifugao people and [[Hungduan]] as the epicenter of its culture. ===Spanish regime=== The Spanish had great difficulty in taking over Ifugao, like most of the Cordilleras due to the fierce belief of the Cordillera people of their rights since ancient times. The Ifugao battled colonizers for hundreds of years, even after the state was colonized and was transformed into a part of [[Nueva Viscaya]] province of the Spanish-administered Philippines.<ref name=FastFactsPhilProv>{{cite book|last1=Lancion, Jr.|first1=Conrado M.|last2=''de Guzman''|first2=''Rey'' (''cartography'')|title=Fast Facts about Philippine Provinces|date=1995|publisher=Tahanan Books|location=Makati, Metro Manila|isbn=971-630-037-9|pages=76–77|edition=The 2000 Millenium|url={{Google books |plainurl=yes |id=r0EOAQAAMAAJ }} |accessdate=16 January 2015|chapter=The Provinces}}</ref><ref name=attractions>{{cite web|title=Natural Attractions found in Atok|url=http://www.benguet.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261&Itemid=275|publisher=Province of Benguet|accessdate=13 August 2013}}</ref> In 1891, the Spanish government established [[Kiangan, Ifugao|Quiangan]] as a ''comandancia-politico-militar''<ref name=7thAnnualReport>{{cite book|last1=Worcester|first1=Dean C.|last2=[[Philippine Commission]]|title=Seventh Annual Report of the Secretary of the Interior to the Philippine Commission for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1908|date=1908|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|location=Manila|pages=17–19|url=https://archive.org/stream/report00integoog/report00integoog_djvu.txt|accessdate=2 January 2015|archiveurl=https://archive.org/stream/report00integoog/report00integoog_djvu.txt|archivedate=23 Nov 2005|format=Digitized by [[Google]] on 23 Nov 2005 (Original file from the [[University of Michigan]])|quote=[{{Google books |plainurl=yes |id=68VyqI5KpVsC }} Google Books link] }}</ref><ref name=TamingPhil>{{cite book|last1=Keesing|first1=Felix Maxwell|last2=Keesing|first2=Marie Margaret|last3=Keesing|first3=Marie Martin|last4=Institute of Pacific Relations (contributor)|last5=International Research Committee (contributor)|title=Taming Philippine Headhunters: A Study of Government and of Cultural Change in Northern Luzon|date=1934|publisher=Stanford University Press|isbn=9780804721103|page=69|url={{Google books |plainurl=yes |id=A0OsAAAAIAAJ }} |accessdate=2 January 2015}}</ref> for the Ifugao area.<ref name=EnthnohistoryNL>{{cite book|last1=Felix M.|first1=Keesing|title=The Ethnohistory of Northern Luzon|date=1962|publisher=Stanford University Press|isbn=9780804700498|page=297|url={{Google books |plainurl=yes |id=P8yrAAAAIAAJ }} |accessdate=2 January 2015|chapter=The Upper Cagayan Area}}</ref> The Spanish occupation in the province ended with the outbreak of the [[Philippine Revolution]]. ===American occupation=== On August 18, 1908, Ifugao was separated from Nueva Vizcaya<ref name=Kasaysayan>{{cite book|last1=National Historical Institute (Philippines) [contributor]|title=Kasaysayan, Volume 3, Issues 1-4|date=1978|publisher=National Historical Institute|page=16|url={{Google books |plainurl=yes |id=9MbjAAAAMAAJ }} |accessdate=2 January 2015|format=Digitized by [[Google]] on 26 Sep 2009|quote=(Original file from the University of Michigan)}}</ref> and, along with [[Amburayan]], [[Apayao]], [[Benguet]], Bontoc, [[Kalinga Province|Kalinga]] and Lepanto, was annexed to the newly created [[Mountain Province]] established by the [[Philippine Commission]] with the enactment of ''Act No. 1876''.<ref name=FastFactsPhilProv /><ref name=7thAnnualReport /><ref name=1908:TheWay>{{cite book|last1=Ingles|first1=Raul Rafael|title=1908 :The Way it Really was : Historical Journal for the UP Centennial, 1908-2008|date=2008|publisher=[[University of the Philippines Press]]|location=Diliman, Quezon City|isbn=9715425801|page=330|url={{Google books |plainurl=yes |id=lGHghPeg7qIC }} |accessdate=2 January 2015}}</ref><ref>[http://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/13555 Act No. 1876., August 18, 1908] Supreme Court E-Library</ref> ===World War II=== Ifugao became the center of warfare in the last year of [[World War II]] when Gen. [[Tomoyuki Yamashita]] launched his last stand against the American and [[Philippine Commonwealth]] forces at [[Mount Napulawan]]. He informally surrendered to Captain Grisham of the 6th US Army in the Philippines based in Kiangan,<ref name=FastFactsPhilProv /> before he was flown to [[Camp John Hay]] where he formally surrendered. ===Post-war era=== On June 18, 1966, ''[[Republic Acts of the Philippines|Republic Act]] No. 4695'' was enacted, and Ifugao was converted into a regular province when the huge [[Mountain Province]] was split into four (the other three being [[Benguet]], Mountain Province, and [[Kalinga-Apayao]]).<ref name=PSA-NSCB[2] /><ref name=ChanRobles>{{cite web|title=Republic Act No. 4695: An Act Creating the Provinces of Benguet, Mountain Province, Ifugao and Kalinga-Apayao|url=http://www.chanrobles.com/republicacts/republicactno4695.html|website=Chan Robles Virtual Law Library|accessdate=18 September 2014}}</ref> Ifugao and Kalinga-Apayao were placed under the jurisdiction of the [[Cagayan Valley]] region.<ref name=FastFactsPhilProv /><ref name=ApayaoGov>{{cite web|title=Historical Background|url=http://apayao.gov.ph/home/index.php/layout/2013-04-08-02-30-50/2013-04-08-02-34-10|website=Provincial Government of Apayao|accessdate=3 January 2015|date=15 April 2013}}</ref> The capital was moved from Kiangan to Lagawe due to the harsh landscape of Kiangan which made it unsuitable for public transportation and as a capital. ===Post-martial law era=== On July 15, 1987, the [[Cordillera Administrative Region]] was established by then-President [[Corazon Aquino]] through ''[[Executive Order]] 220'', and Ifugao was made one of its provinces.<ref name=FastFactsPhilProv /><ref name=CountrySTAT>{{cite web|title=Regional Profile: Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR)|url=http://countrystat.bas.gov.ph/?cont=16&r=14|website=CountrySTAT Philippines|accessdate=18 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=DeptAgri>{{cite web|title=The Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR)|url=http://ati.da.gov.ph/car/about/cordillera-administrative-region-car|website=Department of Agriculture|accessdate=18 September 2014}}</ref> ===Contemporary history=== In 1992, ''[[Republic Act]] No. 07173'' was enacted, separating several [[barangay]]s from [[Kiangan, Ifugao|Kiangan]] and constituting them under a new municipality known as [[Asipulo, Ifugao|Asipulo]].<ref name=CongressGov>{{cite web|title=Republic Act No. 07173: An Act Creating the Municipality of Asipulo in the Province of Ifugao|url=http://www.congress.gov.ph/download/ra_08/Ra07173.pdf|website=[[House of Representatives of the Philippines]]|accessdate=2 January 2015}}</ref><ref name=DILG-CAR[1]>{{cite web|title=Municipality of Asipulo, Ifugao|url=http://www.dilgcar.com/index.php/lgu/car-profile/ifugao/asipulo|website=Department of the Interior and Local Government - Cordillera Administrative Region|accessdate=2 January 2015|date=29 April 2013}}</ref> Since 1992, the province has observed every September 2 as "Victory Day", commemorating the valor of Philippine [[war veteran]]s and the surrender of Gen. Yamashita in the municipality of [[Kiangan, Ifugao|Kiangan]] on September 2, 1945.<ref name=PIA-CAR>{{cite news|title=PVAO recognizes Ifugao town for promoting valor and heroism of veterans|url=http://news.pia.gov.ph/article/view/151418103277/pvao-recognizes-ifugao-town-for-promoting-valor-and-heroism-of-veterans|accessdate=2 January 2015|agency=[[Philippine Information Agency]] - [[Cordillera Administrative Region]]|publisher=Philippine Information Agency|date=9 December 2014}}</ref><ref name=WarHistoryOnline>{{cite news|title=Re-enactment of WWII episodes steal show during Victory Day Celebration in Ifugao|url=http://www.warhistoryonline.com/war-articles/re-enactment-of-wwii-episodes-steal-show-during-victory-day-celebration-in-ifugao.html|accessdate=2 January 2015|agency=Philippine Information Agency|date=3 September 2012}}</ref><ref name=SunStar>{{cite news|last1=Bitog|first1=Rubyloida|title=Ifugaos to mark liberation|url=http://www.sunstar.com.ph/baguio/local-news/2012/08/18/ifugaos-mark-liberation-238043|accessdate=2 January 2015|publisher=[[Sun.Star]] Baguio|date=18 August 2012}}</ref> In 1995, the [[Batad Rice Terraces]], [[Bangaan Rice Terraces]] (both in [[Banaue, Ifugao|Banaue]]), [[Mayoyao Rice Terraces]] (in [[Mayoyao, Ifugao|Mayoyao]]), [[Hungduan Rice Terraces]] (in [[Hungduan, Ifugao|Hungduan]]) and [[Nagacadan Rice Terraces]] (in [[Kiangan, Ifugao]]) were inscribed by [[UNESCO]] as a [[World Heritage Site]] under the collective name "[[Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras]]".<ref name=UNESCO>{{cite web|title=Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras|url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/722|website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|accessdate=2 January 2015}}</ref> In 2001, the [[Hudhud Chants of the Ifugao]] was chosen as one of the 11 [[Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity]]. It was then formally inscribed as a [[UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage]] in 2008.<ref name="UNESCOOrg-Hudhud">{{cite web|title=Proclamation of Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity; Hudhud Chants of the Ifugao|url=http://www.unesco.org/bpi/intangible_heritage/phillipines.htm|website=[[UNESCO]]|accessdate=1 April 2016|date=18 May 2001|quote=The hudhud is recited and chanted among the Ifugao people - known for their rice terraces - during the sowing and harvesting of rice, funeral wakes and other rituals. Estimated to have originated before the 7th century, the hudhud - consisting of some 40 episodes - often take three or four days to recite.}}</ref><ref name="UNESCOOrg-Hudhud2">{{cite web|title=Hudhud chants of the Ifugao; Inscribed in 2008 (3.COM) on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (originally proclaimed in 2001)|url=http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/en/RL/hudhud-chants-of-the-ifugao-00015|website=UNESCO|accessdate=1 April 2016}}</ref><ref name="PhilStar-Hudhud">{{cite news|last1=Bersola|first1=Camille|title=The hudhud of Ifugao: Enchanting chanting|url=http://www.philstar.com/good-news/644254/hudhud-ifugao-enchanting-chanting|accessdate=1 April 2016|work=[[The Philippine Star]]|date=2 January 2011|quote=Bringing more cultural pride, this Ifugao tradition had also received an accolade from the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). In 2001, it won the title of “Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity” given to 19 outstanding cultural forms of expression from the different regions of the world. In Asia, UNESCO honored six masterpieces, among them, the hudhud chants of the Ifugao of Northern Luzon.}}</ref> In 2013, the official Intangible Heritage Book of the Philippine was published, and 13 of its elements were from Ifugao. In 2014, the Philippines joined other Asian nations in establishing the support and submission of the Tug of war — a multinational cultural heritage or Tugging rituals and games, an Intangible Cultural Heritage that encompasses tug-of-war games in Vietnam, Cambodia, and the Philippines. The initial move of the Philippines started in 2013. The Philippines' part in the new element is represented by the tug-of-war of the Ifugaos (in Brgy. Hapao, Municipality of Hungduan) called the ''punnuk''. The element is expected to be declared as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2015. Since the 20th century, the province has been central to the archaeological research of various international institutions, mostly from the United States and the Philippines. A major discovery was the archaeological site of [[Kiangan]], which proved the oral tradition of the Ifugao that the first settlement in the province was in Kiangan.<ref name="SunStar-Kiangan">{{cite news|last1=Codamon|first1=Daniel B.|title=Kiangan as the heritage town of Ifugao|url=http://www.sunstar.com.ph/baguio/local-news/2015/05/22/kiangan-heritage-town-ifugao-408815|accessdate=1 April 2016|work=[[Sun.Star]] Baguio|date=22 May 2015|quote=Archaeological studies show Kiangan indeed is the cradle of Ifugao race and civilization. In June 2012, after more than three weeks of excavation, the Ifugao Archaelogical Project (IAP) reported its findings on the "Old Kiyyangan Village" that constitutes the 1st Field Season of the IAP, a community-led project with the Save the Ifugao Terraces Movement (SITMO), the local government of Kiangan, National Museum of the Philippines, University of the Philippines Archaelogical Studies Program and the University of Guam.}}</ref> ==Alim and Hudhud Oral traditions of Ifugao== '''Alim and Hudhud Oral traditions of Ifugao''' of Ifugao people of the [[Cordillera Administrative Region]] in [[Luzon]] island of [[Philippines]]. are based on the Indian [[Hindu]] epics [[Ramayana]] and [[Mahabharta]]. In 2001, the '''Hudhud Chants''' of the Ifugao was chosen as one of the 11 [[Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity]]. It was then formally inscribed as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2008. [[File:Ifugao Labelled Map.png|thumb|upright=0.9]] ==Geography== Covering a total land area of {{convert|2,628.2|km2}}, the province of Ifugao is located in a mountainous region characterized by rugged terrain, river valleys, and massive forests. ===Administrative divisions=== Ifugao comprises 11 [[Municipalities of the Philippines|municipalities]], all encompassed by a [[Legislative district of Ifugao|lone legislative district]].<ref name=PSA-NSCB /><ref name=2010Census /> {{colorbox|#CCFFCC|†}} {{font|Provincial capital|size=90%}} {{col-begin|width=auto}} {{col-break}} {| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:auto;table-layout:fixed;text-align:right;background-color:#FDFDFD;font-size:90%;border-collapse:collapse;" ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" colspan=2 | Municipality{{ref label|FormerName|A|none}} ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" colspan=3 | Population ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" | {{PSGC rubric}} ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" colspan=2 | Area<ref name=PSA-NSCB /> ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" colspan=2 | Density ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" | {{abbr|Brgy.|Total number of barangays}} ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" | [[Coordinates]]{{ref label|Coord|B|none}} |- ! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" colspan=2 | ! scope="col" style="border-style:hidden hidden solid solid;" colspan=2 | {{small|(2015)}}{{PH census|2015}} ! scope="col" style="border-style:hidden solid solid hidden;" | {{small|(2010)}}<ref name=2010Census /> ! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" | ! scope="col" style="border-style:hidden hidden solid solid;" | km² ! scope="col" style="border-style:hidden solid solid hidden;" class="unsortable" | {{nowrap|sq mi}} ! scope="col" style="border-style:hidden hidden solid solid;" | /km² ! scope="col" style="border-style:hidden solid solid hidden;" class="unsortable" | {{nowrap|/sq mi}} ! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" | ! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" | |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan=2 | [[Aguinaldo, Ifugao|Aguinaldo]] | {{percent and number|19,408|202,802|disp=table|1|pad=yes}} | 18,610 | {{PAGR|2015.5835|19408|2010.3315|18610}} | {{convert|538.05|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|19408/538.05|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | 16 | style="text-align:center;" | {{coord|16.9785|N|121.3269|E|name=Aguinaldo|region:PH-IFU_type:city|format=dms}} |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan=2 | [[Alfonso Lista, Ifugao|Alfonso Lista''' {{small|(''Potia'')}}]] | {{percent and number|32,119|202,802|disp=table|1|pad=yes}} | 28,410 | {{PAGR|2015.5835|32119|2010.3315|28410}} | {{convert|347.46|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|32119/347.46|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | 20 | style="text-align:center;" | {{coord|16.9230|N|121.4864|E|name=Alfonso Lista|region:PH-IFU_type:city|format=dms}} |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan=2 | [[Asipulo, Ifugao|Asipulo]] | {{percent and number|15,261|202,802|disp=table|1|pad=yes}} | 14,403 | {{PAGR|2015.5835|15261|2010.3315|14403}} | {{convert|182.87|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|15261/182.87|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | 9 | style="text-align:center;" | {{coord|16.7216|N|121.0677|E|name=Asipulo|region:PH-IFU_type:city|format=dms}} |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan=2 | [[Banaue, Ifugao|Banaue]] | {{percent and number|21,837|202,802|disp=table|1|pad=yes}} | 22,365 | {{PAGR|2015.5835|21837|2010.3315|22365}} | {{convert|191.20|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|21837/191.20|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | 18 | style="text-align:center;" | {{coord|16.9109|N|121.0616|E|name=Banaue|region:PH-IFU_type:city|format=dms}} |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan=2 | [[Hingyon, Ifugao|Hingyon]] | {{percent and number|9,227|202,802|disp=table|1|pad=yes}} | 9,795 | {{PAGR|2015.5835|9227|2010.3315|9795}} | {{convert|62.02|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|9227/62.02|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | 12 | style="text-align:center;" | {{coord|16.8510|N|121.0996|E|name=Hingyon|region:PH-IFU_type:city|format=dms}} |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan=2 | [[Hungduan, Ifugao|Hungduan]] | {{percent and number|9,400|202,802|disp=table|1|pad=yes}} | 9,933 | {{PAGR|2015.5835|9400|2010.3315|9933}} | {{convert|260.30|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|9400/260.30|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | 9 | style="text-align:center;" | {{coord|16.8350|N|121.0030|E|name=Hungduan|region:PH-IFU_type:city|format=dms}} |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan=2 | [[Kiangan, Ifugao|Kiangan]] | {{percent and number|17,048|202,802|disp=table|1|pad=yes}} | 15,837 | {{PAGR|2015.5835|17048|2010.3315|15837}} | {{convert|200.00|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|17048/200.00|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | 14 | style="text-align:center;" | {{coord|16.7780|N|121.0863|E|name=Kiangan|region:PH-IFU_type:city|format=dms}} |-style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:#CCFFCC;border-right:0;" | [[Lagawe, Ifugao|Lagawe]] | style="text-align:right;border-left:0;" | † | {{percent and number|19,333|202,802|disp=table|1|pad=yes}} | 18,077 | {{PAGR|2015.5835|19333|2010.3315|18077}} | {{convert|208.91|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|19333/208.91|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | 20 | style="text-align:center;" | {{coord|16.8002|N|121.1218|E|name=Lagawe|region:PH-IFU_type:city|format=dms}} |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan=2 | [[Lamut, Ifugao|Lamut]] | {{percent and number|25,279|202,802|disp=table|1|pad=yes}} | 23,088 | {{PAGR|2015.5835|25279|2010.3315|23088}} | {{convert|159.65|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|25279/159.65|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | 18 | style="text-align:center;" | {{coord|16.6506|N|121.2215|E|name=Lamut|region:PH-IFU_type:city|format=dms}} |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan=2 | [[Mayoyao, Ifugao|Mayoyao]] | {{percent and number|17,331|202,802|disp=table|1|pad=yes}} | 16,413 | {{PAGR|2015.5835|17331|2010.3315|16413}} | {{convert|238.05|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|17331/238.05|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | 27 | style="text-align:center;" | {{coord|16.9732|N|121.2219|E|name=Mayoyao|region:PH-IFU_type:city|format=dms}} |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan=2 | [[Tinoc, Ifugao|Tinoc]] | {{percent and number|16,559|202,802|disp=table|1|pad=yes}} | 14,147 | {{PAGR|2015.5835|16559|2010.3315|14147}} | {{convert|239.70|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|16559/239.70|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | 12 | style="text-align:center;" | {{coord|16.6016|N|120.9528|E|name=Tinoc|region:PH-IFU_type:city|format=dms}} |-class="sortbottom" ! scope="row" colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | Total ! scope="col" style="text-align:right;" | 202,802 ! scope="col" style="text-align:right;" | 191,078 ! scope="col" style="text-align:right;" | {{PAGR|2015.5835|202802|2010.3315|191078}} ! scope="col" style="text-align:right;" | 2,628.21 ! scope="col" | {{convert|2,628.21|km2|disp=number|2}} ! scope="col" style="text-align:right;" | {{sigfig|202802/2,628.21|2}} ! scope="col" style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|{{sigfig|202802/2,628.21|2}}|PD/km2|disp=number}} ! scope="col" | [[List of barangays in Ifugao|175]] ! scope="col" style="font-style:italic;" | {{small|(see [[#External links|GeoGroup box]])}} |-class="sortbottom" style="background-color:#F2F2F2;border-top:double grey;line-height:1.3em;" | colspan="13" | {{Ordered list | list_style_type=upper-alpha | {{note label|FormerName|A|none}}Former names are ''italicized''. | {{note label|Coord|B|none}}Coordinates mark the [[town center]], and are sortable by [[latitude]]. }} |} {{col-end}} ====Barangays==== The 11 municipalities of the province comprise a total of 175 [[barangay]]s, with ''Santa Maria'' in [[Alfonso Lista, Ifugao|Alfonso Lista (''Potia'')]] as the most populous in 2010, and ''Banga'' in [[Lagawe, Ifugao|Lagawe]] as the least.<ref name=PSA-NSCB>{{cite web|title=Province: Ifugao|url=http://www.nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/province.asp?provCode=142700000|website=[[Philippine Statistics Authority]] - National Statistical Coordination Board|accessdate=30 December 2014}}</ref><ref name=2010Census>{{cite web|url=http://census.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/hsd/pressrelease/Cordillera%20Administrative%20Region.pdf|title=2010 Census of Population and Housing: Population Counts - Cordillera Administrative Region|format=[[Portable Document Format|PDF]]| publisher=[[National Statistics Office (Philippines)|National Statistics Office]], April 4, 2012|accessdate=16 November 2014}}</ref> {{Further|List of barangays in Ifugao}} ==Demographics== {{Philippine Census | align = right | title = Population census of<br />Ifugao | 1990 = 147281 | 1995 = 149598 | 2000 = 161623 | 2007 = 180711 | 2010 = 191078 | 2015 = 202802 | footnote = Source: National Statistics Office{{PH census|2015}}<ref name=NSO10>{{cite web |url=http://www.census.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/hsd/pressrelease/Cordillera%20Administrative%20Region.pdf |title=Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay: as of May 1, 2010 |work=2010 Census of Population and Housing |publisher=National Statistics Office |accessdate=20 December 2013}}</ref><ref name=NSO>{{cite web |url=http://www.census.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/hsd/pressrelease/Population%20and%20Annual%20Growth%20Rates%20for%20The%20Philippines%20and%20Its%20Regions%2C%20Provinces%2C%20and%20Highly%20Urbanized%20Cities%20Based%20on%201990%2C%202000%2C%20and%202010%20Censuses.pdf |title=Population and Annual Growth Rates for The Philippines and Its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities |work=2010 Census and Housing Population |publisher=National Statistics Office |accessdate=26 August 2013}}</ref> }} The population of Ifugao in the {{PH wikidata|population_as_of}} was {{PH wikidata|population_total}} people,{{PH census|current}} with a density of {{convert|{{sigfig|{{PH wikidata|population_total}}/{{PH wikidata|area}}|2}}|PD/km2|disp=or}}. ===Inhabitants=== Based on the 2000 census survey, [[Ifugao people|Ifugao]] comprise the majority of the province population at about 67.9% of the population. Other ethnic groups living in the province include the [[Ilocano people|Ilocanos]] 13.7%, [[Kalanguya people|Kalahan]] 8.6%, [[Ayangan]] 6.2% 0.6%.<ref name=CensusGov-Archvd>{{cite web|title=Ifugao: Five Economically Active Persons Support Four Dependents|url=http://www.census.gov.ph/data/pressrelease/2002/pr0228tx.html|website=National Statistics Office|publisher=[[National Statistics Office]]|accessdate=2 January 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305165059/http://www.census.gov.ph/data/pressrelease/2002/pr0228tx.html|archivedate=5 March 2012|date=4 March 2002}}</ref><ref>http://www.census.gov.ph/data/pressrelease/2002/pr0228tx.html</ref> The people of Ifugao province are called ''Ifugao''s, but mistakenly called by non-Cordilleran as [[Igorot]]s. Ifugaos, despite the similarities in some cultural traditions and practices, are considered a separate ethnic group from Igorots. The total number of [[Tinguian]] in the province of Ifugao is 2,609. (source: National Statistics Office) ===Religion=== Less than 40%{{citation needed}} of the population are animists and continue to preserve their thousands-year old indigenous traditions. Roman Catholicism has a growing influence in the province with approximately 60%{{citation needed}} of the population being converted by missionaries, which also affects the traditions and customs of the indigenous communities.{{lopsided}} In most areas, especially at the east and south of the province, indigenous traditions have degraded due to the influx of Christianity. In 2014, The Vicariate Apostolic of Bontok and Lagawe recorded a 61.5% Roman Catholic adherence.{{citation needed}} The most significant religion other than Roman Catholicism is the Aglipayan Church while the number of people professing indigenous beliefs continue to wane. No law has yet to be established to negate the influx of Christianity in the province, jeopardizing the indigenous culture which possess one of the original 19 Masterpieces of Humanity declared by the United Nations.{{lopsided}} {{Back to contents}} ==Rice culture== {{ref section|date=November 2015}} [[File:Traditional Ifugao House.jpg|thumbnail|left|A traditional house in Ifugao.]] Ifugao culture revolves around rice, which is considered a prestige crop. There is an elaborate and complex array of rice culture feasts inextricably linked with taboos and intricate agricultural rites, from rice cultivation to rice consumption. Harvest season calls for grandiose thanksgiving feasts, while the concluding harvest rites "tungo" or "tungul" (the day of rest) entail a strict taboo of any agricultural work. Partaking of the rice wine (bayah), rice cakes, and 'moma' (mixture of several herbs, powdered snail shell and betel nut/arecoline which is used as a chewing gum to the Ifugaos) is an indelible practice during the festivities and ritual activities. Agricultural terracing and farming are the principal means of livelihood. Their social status is measured by the number of rice field granaries, family heirlooms, gold earrings, and carabaos (water buffaloes). Prestige is also conferred through time and tradition. The more affluent, known as kadangyan, were usually generous by nature, giving rice to poor neighbors in time of food shortage(s) and/or hardship(s). Furthermore, their culture was known for their legal system, using one of the world's most extensive oral legal traditions specifying the offense depending on the use of custom law; trial by elders (influenced in part by public opinion); or trial by ordeal. The wealthy were subjected to greater fines than the poor. [[File:Banaue Philippines Batad-Rice-Terraces-02.jpg|thumbnail|A village in the Batad rice terraces]] Untouched by the influences of Spanish colonialism, Ifugao culture values kinship, family ties, religious and cultural beliefs. Ifugao are unique among all ethnic groups in the mountain province, not only for their interesting customs and traditions but also for their narrative literature such as the hudhud, an epic dealing with hero ancestors sung in a poetic manner. Another feature unique to the Ifugao is their woodcarving art, most notably the carved granary guardians bului and the prestige bench of the upper class, the hagabi. Their textiles are renowned for their sheer beauty, colorful blankets and clothing woven on looms. Houses were well-built, characterized as square with wooden floors, windowless walls, and pyramidal thatch roofs. Elevated from the ground by four sturdy tree trunks, they feature removable staircases that were hoisted up at night to prevent entry by enemies or wild animals. Lastly, their attire remain traditional for male Ifugaos, donning the wanno or g-string; there are six types of wanno which are used depending on the occasion or the man's social status. Ifugao women, on the contrary, wear tapis, a wraparound skirt; there are five kinds of skirts worn, depending on the occasion and/or status of the woman/girl. ==References== {{Reflist|30em}} ==External links== {{GeoGroup}} * {{Commons category-inline}} * {{OSM relation|52303}} {{Geographic location | Centre = Ifugao | North = [[Mountain Province]] | East = [[Isabela (province)|Isabela]] | South = [[Nueva Vizcaya]] | West = [[Benguet]] }} {{Ifugao|state=expanded}} {{Navboxes |title = Articles related to Ifugao |list1 = {{Cordillera Administrative Region}} {{Luzon lateral}} {{Philippines topics}} }} [[Category:Provinces of the Philippines]] [[Category:Ifugao| ]] [[Category:States and territories established in 1966]] [[Category:1966 establishments in the Philippines]]'