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'{{Short description|Overview of taxicabs by country}} {{main|Taxicab}} {{multiple issues| {{original research|date=April 2011}} {{More citations needed|date=January 2008}} }} [[Taxicabs]] within a country often share common properties, but there is a wide variation from country to country in the vehicles used, the circumstances under which they may be hired and the regulatory regime to which these are subject. ==Africa== ===Egypt=== [[File:Taxi cairo.JPG|thumb|right|Hyundai Elantra taxicab in Cairo]] [[File:Speranza Chery A5 as Cairo taxi.jpg|thumb|right|Chery A5 Cairo taxi]] Taxicabs are common in [[Egypt]], particularly in the larger cities. The taxi system is highly decentralized, with the cab generally belonging to the driver and operated as a private business by him. Consequently, there is some variation in the types of cars used as taxis, although the [[Tofaş Şahin]] (including the licensed version produced by [[Nasr (car company)|Nasr]]) and Hyundai Accent predominate. Drivers must obtain a taxi license from the government, generally through the offices of the [[Governorates of Egypt|Governorate]] in which they are based; however, taxis are permitted to operate between cities. Drivers must also paint their cars according to a livery unique to each governorate, including painting the [[vehicle registration plate|license plate]] number of the cab on its doors in both Arabic and English. The traditional liveries of [[Cairo]] (black and white) and [[Alexandria]] (yellow and black) are well-known to all Egyptians and indeed across the Arab world from their appearance in [[Cinema of Egypt|Egyptian film]] and [[Egyptian television|television]]. Meters are technically required by Egyptian law, but they generally go unused and in many cases do not even work. The prime exception is in [[Cairo]], where a new class of taxis with a different livery (white with a black checkered band around the middle) have electronic meters installed and used. In most other cases, the price of a journey is generally determined through negotiation or [[bargaining]] between the passenger and driver, either just after the cab is hailed or just after the destination is reached. Many if not most Egyptian taxi drivers have some education and frequently work in [[white collar worker|white-collar]] professions that nevertheless come with low pay (generally low-level government work, including education); taxis are a common source of supplemental income for many Egyptian families. Consequently, taxi drivers are a common source of ''[[vox populi]]'' for foreign media sources. ===Eritrea=== In Eritrea all taxis are yellow. In the capital, Asmara, they are all new yellow Kia, Toyota, and Mercedes Benz. There are often five passenger seats. The taxis are owned by the same company all over Asmara. The taxi traffic starts slowing down after 9 pm in the northernmost part of the city's suburbs, but the inner city and southern side of the town have a lot of taxis. The taxis in Massawa are often large like minibusses, but are still taxis. They are also yellow. ===Ghana=== [[File:Taxis at the lorry station.jpg|thumb|Taxis in Ghana]] Most taxis in Ghana have orange coloured [[Fender (vehicle)|wing panels]]. According to some observers, the vast majority of vehicles on the roads are taxis. Taxis either take a customer anywhere on a pre-negotiated fare, or pick up passengers for a fixed fare on a specific route.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Smart!|first1=Culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H5LxDwAAQBAJ&q=ghana+taxis+orange&pg=PT122|title=Ghana - Culture Smart!: The Essential Guide to Customs & Culture|last2=Utley|first2=Ian|date=2021-03-04|publisher=Kuperard|isbn=978-1-78702-273-7|language=en}}</ref> ===Morocco=== [[File:Petit Taxi.jpg|thumb|Fiat Siena taxicab in [[Tangier]]]] Since 2014 the Moroccan taxi industry is living major changes. Historically the taxicabs were Mercedes. Since 2005 with the new touristic transport companies, taxis now can use other types of vehicles.{{citation needed|date=December 2020}} ===Republic of the Congo (Congo-Brazzaville)=== Taxicabs in the [[Republic of the Congo]] are almost exclusively Toyota, often old cars imported from Asia or Europe. In Brazzaville, taxis are green and white. In the second largest city in the country, Pointe-Noire, taxis are blue and white. ===South Africa=== [[File:Cape Town Observatory Taxi Cab.jpg|thumb|Cape Town taxicab in South Africa]] South Africa has two kinds of taxis, minibus taxis which are vehicles that seat fifteen, and meter cabs that seat between four and seven passengers. Minibus taxis and meter taxis are mostly Toyota-manufactured. Minibus taxis use the Toyota Ses'fikile (a modified Quantum/HiAce produced specifically to meet the regulatory requirements of the South African taxi market)<ref>{{cite web|title=Toyota Ses'fikile|url=http://www.imperialtoyota.co.za/model/sesfikile/people_carrier|publisher=Imperial Toyota|accessdate=18 July 2013}}</ref> and meter taxis [[Toyota Avanza]]. Minibus operate on specific routes like buses. Meter taxis cabs operate from point to point. {{clear}} ==Asia== ===Israel=== [[File:Sherut.JPG|thumb|right|Sherut taxis]] [[File:16-03-30-Jerusalem-Innenstadt-RalfR-DSCF7596.jpg|thumb|right|[[Mercedes-Benz taxi]] in [[Jerusalem]]]] There are two taxi systems in [[Israel]], with one operating as a standard taxi service and the other (taxi - {{Lang|he-latn|sherut}}) as a cross between a taxi and a private bus system. The latter tends to run longer journeys or particular routes and is effectively a shared taxi – hence set pick-up and set-down locations, but also potentially picking up or dropping off anywhere en route. Although fares are officially meter-based, it is quite common to agree on the fare in advance with the driver. They have a directory guide for prices and will show the estimated alternative to the meter price, either to be accepted, negotiated or rejected by the traveler if the meter is preferred. The wisdom of the choice may be based on time of day and traffic and whether the passenger has bags, etc. which could cost more on the meter as each piece adds a set amount. Either way, the eventual fare is not usually significantly different so many Israelis choose the meter without a thought. Tipping is not required but rounding up is common. Standard taxis are always painted white with decals on the sides that say "Taxi" in [[Hebrew]], [[English language|English]], and [[Arabic]], as well as a 5-digit identification number. Sherut taxis have actual liveries, with them often consisting of a yellow front, blue sides, and a white rear-end. Both systems have a yellow sign on top of the car which says "Taxi" in Hebrew and English and the identification number, which illuminates as the driver turns on his vehicle's headlights. Taxis registered before 2013 have their [[Vehicle registration plates of Israel|plate number]] suffixed with 25, and taxis registered after 2013 have their plate number suffixed with 26. {{clear right}} ====Palestine (Gaza Strip and the West Bank)==== Taxis in Palestine have either black and white stripes or are yellow colored depending on the location. Private taxi companies in the Gaza strip often use Škoda Octavia wagons as their main vehicles while individals in south of Gaza use 80s 6 door Mercedes limosines as taxis, the Hyundai Verna is also used as taxis. ===Oman=== [[File:Sur-Taxi (1).JPG|thumb|right|Toyota Corolla taxicab in Oman]] Taxicabs in [[Oman]] are usually with orange panels and mostly [[Toyota]] or [[Nissan]] models. The number plate is red and starts with K, KA, KB (for saloons) and KK (for vans). They do not have any meters installed. The fare is generally decided by bargaining with the driver, though most commuters have a good idea of what can be considered a reasonable price. The rider may choose to have the taxi "shared", or "engaged." In an engaged taxi, the driver will not take any more passengers (as opposed to a shared taxi). Usually, drivers charge much more to have the taxi engaged, sometimes as much as eight to ten times the price of a shared taxi. In a shared taxi, the driver will usually get more people who need to go along the same way. Due to low costs of fuel and fairly high [[purchasing power parity]] in Oman, taxicabs are extremely cheap when compared to other parts of the world, even in the engaged mode. A variation of the shared taxi also exists. These are usually 12-seater Toyota vans. These taxis follow a fixed route, stopping mostly at bus stops to pick up and drop off passengers. Passengers usually get into the taxi that is headed towards their destination. To attract more passengers, taxis stick to highways and main roads. If one wishes to go towards a place, not along the main road, it is generally more economical to use a shared van to commute between two bus stops and then switch over to another taxi headed for the destination, as opposed to taking the regular taxi to commute between the two places. ===Afghanistan=== [[File:GAZ-21 "Volga", used as a taxi on the Kabul streets.jpg|thumb|right|[[GAZ-21]] and [[Toyota Corolla]] E70 taxis in [[Kabul]], Afghanistan in 2002]] Old-style [[Toyota Corolla]], [[Toyota Corona]], GAZ-21"Volga", [[VAZ-2101]] "[[Zhiguli (car brand)|Zhiguli]]", and Lada taxicabs in Afghanistan are still used as regular taxis.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}} {{clear}} ===Bangladesh=== [[File:Yellow Taxi - Dhaka 2015-05-31 2087.JPG|thumb|right|Toyota Premio taxi in Dhaka, Bangladesh]] Taxis in [[Bangladesh]] are generally [[Toyota Corolla (E160)]]s, [[Toyota Premio]]s or [[Toyota Allion]]s in yellow. Taxi fares generally start from 80 [[Bangladeshi taka|taka]] per kilometer. Almost all taxis now run on [[Liquefied petroleum gas|LPG]] as well as [[diesel fuel|diesel]]. {{clear}} ===China=== [[File:ShenzhenTaxiBYDe6.jpg|thumb|right|[[BYD e6]] taxi in China]] Taxicabs are very common throughout China. Different vehicles are used throughout China due to various provinces and cities' taxi company choices. Formerly, commonly used taxi cars were the [[Volkswagen Santana]], [[Citroën Fukang]] and [[Citroën Elysée]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=MacPherson|first=Author Chairman|date=2018-05-09|title=The Dongfeng Citroen Elysee Was A Perfectly Basic Taxi For China|url=https://www.coolcarsinchina.com/2018/05/09/the-dongfeng-citroen-elysee-was-a-perfectly-basic-taxi-for-china/|access-date=2021-04-02|website=CoolCarsInChina.com|language=en-US}}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=April 2021}} Following [[Shenzhen]], many cities in China started using fleets of EV taxis,<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Midttun|first1=Atle|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PMwBCgAAQBAJ&q=china+ev+taxi&pg=PA145|title=Energy and Transport in Green Transition: Perspectives on Ecomodernity|last2=Witoszek|first2=Nina|date=2015-06-26|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-64427-9|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-01-15|title=The Chinese coal city that electrified its entire taxi fleet|url=https://www.climatechangenews.com/2018/01/15/chinese-coal-city-electrified-entire-taxi-fleet/|access-date=2021-04-02|website=Climate Home News|language=en}}</ref> using vehicles such as the [[BYD e6]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Shih|first=Gerry|title=With state subsidies and a firm hand, China races ahead with electric transport|language=en-US|newspaper=Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/with-state-subsidies-and-a-firm-hand-china-races-ahead-with-electric-transport/2019/06/01/2bec456e-7af1-11e9-a66c-d36e482aa873_story.html|access-date=2021-04-02|issn=0190-8286}}</ref> Regulation require taxicab drivers working for ride hailing apps to have three years of experience, have a licence from a local taxi regulator and have no criminal record. Their vehicles cannot have over 600,000 kilometers on the odometer and are required to have GPS tracking.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Mozur|first=Paul|date=2016-07-28|title=Didi Chuxing and Uber, Popular in China, Are Now Legal, Too|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/29/business/international/china-uber-didi-chuxing.html|access-date=2021-04-02|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> [[DiDi|Didi Chuxing]] is the largest ride hailing app in China;<ref>{{Cite book|last=ALKA|first=CHADHA|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xhAACwAAQBAJ&q=taxis+china+didi&pg=PA58|title=GAME THEORY FOR MANAGERS|date=2015-11-30|publisher=PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.|isbn=978-81-203-5171-4|language=en}}</ref> it mainly services larger cities.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Wang|first=Yi|date=2019-11-07|title=When DiDi Is Not Really A Choice in Small Chinese Cities, Taxi Drivers Build Their Own|url=https://doi.org/10.1145/3359268|journal=Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction|volume=3|issue=CSCW|pages=166:1–166:30|doi=10.1145/3359268|s2cid=207958908}}</ref> Even in very small villages, there will be cars for hire. In smaller towns and villages, taxicabs are generally unregulated and may consist of a bike with a carriage, or more commonly, motorcycles with extensions that allow three people to sit in the rear. Even in large cities, taxicabs are generally very lax forms of transportation. Taxicabs in Shanghai may not refuse to go to any destination within the city. Relative to the west, taxicabs are very cheap, and in smaller areas, the fare may be 1 [[Chinese yuan|yuan]] per person.{{Original research inline|date=April 2021}} ====Macau==== {{main|Taxicabs of Macau}} ====Hong Kong==== {{main|Taxicabs of Hong Kong}} [[File:Byd e6 new territories taxi hong kong.jpg|thumb|right|[[BYD e6]] green taxi in Hong Kong]] [[File:BYD Taxi in Hong Kong 201405.jpg|thumb|right|[[BYD e6]] red taxi in Hong Kong]] During the early [[colonial Hong Kong|colonial]] times, [[sedan chair]]s were the only form of public conveyances. Public chairs were licensed, and charged according to tariffs which would be prominently displayed.<ref name=thomson>[http://irc.aa.tufs.ac.jp/thomson/vol_1/mother/104.html A Hong Kong Sedan Chair], Illustrations of China and Its People, John Thomson 1837-1921, (London,1873-1874)</ref> Chair stands were found at all hotels, wharves, and major crossroads. Their numbers peaked in about 1920.<ref name="rickshaw days">Nury Vittachi, [http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=&art_id=32113&sid=&con_type=1&d_str=19980328&sear_year=1998 Riding out the rickshaw days] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080201030607/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=&art_id=32113&sid=&con_type=1&d_str=19980328&sear_year=1998 |date=2008-02-01 }}, The Standard, March 28, 1998</ref> The [[pulled rickshaw]], first imported from Japan in 1870, was a popular form of transport for many years, peaking at more than 7,000 in the early part of the 20th century.<ref name="rickshaw days"/> The rickshaw and sedan chair vied for customers depending on their budget, haste, or terrain to be negotiated. The rickshaw was more rapid, but was not suited to climbing the steep terrain of Hong Kong Island.<ref name="rickshaw days"/> Rickshaws' popularity waned after World War II. There were about eight in 1998,<ref name="rickshaw days"/> and only four left in 2002. The last sedan chair was reportedly abandoned in 1965;<ref name="rickshaw days"/> and the rickshaws have disappeared since the ferry's closure at the end of 2006. The earliest modern taxi service was first officially recorded by the [[Hong Kong government|government]] in 1947 with 329 cars.<ref>HK Gov. "[http://www.td.gov.hk/publications_and_press_releases/publications/free_publications/the_annual_traffic_census_2005/index.htm ''Taxi Annual Traffic report.''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070306085454/http://www.td.gov.hk/publications_and_press_releases/publications/free_publications/the_annual_traffic_census_2005/index.htm |date=2007-03-06 }}", Transport Department, HK Government, Retrieved on 2007-02-23</ref> In Hong Kong today, there are three types of taxis, painted in different colors, serving different parts of the territory. The most common one, which is painted in red. The red taxi serves throughout [[Hong Kong Island]] and [[Kowloon]]. Green taxis serve the [[New Territories]] and light blue taxis serve [[Lantau Island]]. Taxis pick up passengers from streets, or by radio-dispatch by phone. Fares are charged according to the distance measured by meters. Surcharges include tolls, luggage, and pets. {{clear right}} ===India=== In India, taxicabs have a yellow-black livery. The newer taxis are white. Taxis and all other commercial vehicles have a yellow number plate so charging taxes and toll on highways are easier for the officials. [[File:India.Mumbai.02.jpg|thumb|Black and yellow Taxis at the traffic lights in Mumbai, mid 2000s]] [[Image:Taxi stand by night, Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport, Mumbai (11 September 2005).jpg|thumb|[[Taxicab stand]] outside Mumbai International Airport, mid 2000s]] Depending on the city/state, taxis can either be hailed, booked through applications, or can be hired from taxi-stands. In cities such as [[Bangalore]], taxis need to be hired from taxi stands or online, whereas in cities like [[Kolkata]] and [[Mumbai]], taxis can be hailed on the street. There are additional surcharges for luggage, late-night rides, and toll taxes are to be paid by the passenger. Thanks to the booming economy but due to disparities in income, many types of taxis have come up. For example, in [[Delhi]] there are five types of taxis. [[Auto rickshaw]]s (most affordable), normal taxis, radio cabs, white taxis, and tourist taxis. In areas like Noida and Gurgaon, auto rickshaws are banned, thus giving the taxis a monopoly. [[Chandigarh]] also has a well-established system of modern radio cabs. By government regulation, all taxis are required to have a fare meter installed. Taxis face stiff competition from auto rickshaws but in some cities, for example, Mumbai, auto rickshaws are banned in the main city district, thus giving taxis a [[monopoly]]. This monopoly directly affects the kind of cars used in [[India]] as cabs as well as the kind of economical and transport conditions.{{citation needed|date=March 2019}} ===Indonesia=== [[File:ViosLimoNCP150BBG.JPG|thumb|right|Toyota Limo, a basic version of the Vios operating as a taxi in Jakarta]] [[File:CedricY31SilverBird.jpg|thumb|right|Nissan Cedric Diesel (Y31) was the first Silver Bird executive taxi in Jakarta]] Taxicabs began to be popular in Jakarta from the early 1970s with cars such as the [[Datsun 220C]], [[Holden Torana]], and [[Toyota Corona]]. Smaller cars, for example, the [[Toyota Corolla]], and various types of [[Datsun]], were also used from the mid-1970s to the late 1980s. In the 1970s, taxicabs were in various colors, although at that time mostly yellow, and a major operator ran light blue taxicabs. The main vehicle replacement for most taxicab operators was in the mid-1980s when they replaced their old fleets with [[Nissan Stanza]] 1.6 T11. With the exception of the popular light blue, all other operators had their Stanzas painted yellow. Due to poor sales in the private car market, but good fuel economy and reliability, [[Holden Gemini]] diesel cars were used as taxicabs during the 1980s. The same happened to [[Nissan Sunny]]s and [[Ford Laser]]s from the late 1980s to the late 1990s. Since the color of the most reliable taxicab company in Jakarta is medium blue metallic (previously light blue), few other operators copied their color and even the shape of the roof sign. This could be misleading to people hailing the taxicab on the street. Although most taxicabs are blue, they are also painted in other colors, dependent on the operator. The new taxicabs in Jakarta are mostly Toyota Limo, which is a lower spec of [[Toyota Vios]]. Before the introduction of Limo in 2004, the most popular taxi was Toyota Soluna, which based on the 1995 [[Toyota Tercel]]. The Solunas and the older variants of Limo are now used by cheaper taxicabs. Other cars also used as taxicabs are [[Hyundai Accent#First generation (X3; 1994)|Hyundai Excel]], [[Ford Laser#Second generation (KC/KE; 1985)|Ford Laser]], and Kia Rio. Only one operator ran the [[Nissan Sunny]] 1.6 Neo (N16) and later replaced by the newer Nissan cars; the [[Nissan Tiida|Tiida Latio]] and the [[Nissan Almera|Almera]]. By 2014, the Nissan Almera (N17) is also commonly used for taxicabs ran by several operators. [[Honda Mobilio]] 7-seater is also used since 2015. There are also executive taxicabs; these are black [[Nissan Cedric]] Y31 and [[Toyota Crown]] Comfort, and recently a W203 [[Mercedes-Benz C-Class]], a W211 [[Mercedes-Benz E-Class]], a [[Toyota Alphard]], a [[Hyundai Sonata]], and a [[Nissan Elgrand]]. Since the Soluna and followed by the Vios-based Limo, Toyota's small sedans are used for regular taxicab services in Indonesia. However, in the executive taxicab segment, only a few Toyota Crown Comfort. In 2007, the executive fleet saw the arrival of the [[Mercedes-Benz C-Class]], followed by the [[Mercedes-Benz E-Class]] and the [[Toyota Alphard]] in 2009. An executive taxicab operator has added the [[Volkswagen Transporter (T5)|Volkswagen Caravelle]] to its fleet, and soon the [[Hyundai Starex]]. As of early 2016, various taxi firms also began to use the [[Toyota Avanza]] mini MPV as an alternative fleet, particularly in [[Sumatra]], [[Borneo]], [[Central Java]], and [[East Java]] regions. ===Japan=== [[File:TOYOTA JPNTAXI Nihonkotsu Taxi.jpg|thumb|200px|A Nihon Kotsu Toyota JPN Taxi in [[Tokyo]].]] [[File:Sendai sta west taxipool.JPG|thumb|200px|Pool of Toyota Comfort taxicabs at [[Sendai Station (Miyagi)|Sendai Station]].]] In most parts of Japan, there are many taxicabs of various colors and styles. Japan has no limitation on taxicab design, so each taxicab company adopts its own design, although owner-driver taxicabs use a prescribed design. In [[Osaka]], most taxicabs are black because they are also used as limousine taxis. In the run up to the [[2020 Summer Olympics]], Toyota introduced their new [[Toyota JPN Taxi]] model to replace the ubiquitous [[Toyota Comfort]]. A hybrid vehicle, the JPN Taxi was developed to be environmentally conscious and more user friendly to otherwise abled individuals with a low, flat, wheelchair accessible floor, creating a vehicle that embodies the spirit of Japanese hospitality and serves as a symbol for the country much like the [[London Taxi]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Toyota Rolls Out New Model for "JPN Taxi" |url=https://global.toyota/en/detail/19173376 |website=Toyota Motor Corporation |access-date=23 October 2017}}</ref> {{clear}} ===Malaysia=== {{main|Taxicabs of Malaysia}} [[File:Taxi in Kuala Lumpur 05.JPG|thumb|Proton Saga Iswara taxi, [[Kuala Lumpur]]]] In Malaysia, taxicabs are also referred to as {{Lang|zsm|teksi}}. There are several taxi operators running within Malaysia. Most taxicabs use their preferred car of choice, the [[Proton Saga Iswara]] saloon since the 1990s, and a distinct fleet of cabs are the newer generation of [[Proton Saga (Second generation)#First iteration .282008 - 2010.29|Proton Saga]] since the 2010s. {{clear right}} ===Philippines=== [[File:WTMP Shutters 195.JPG|thumb|A [[Toyota Vios]] white taxicab roaming in Metro Manila. ]] {{main|Taxicabs of the Philippines}} Taxicabs in the [[Philippines]] are usually white with yellow commonly used as airport taxis.<ref>{{Cite web|date=November 2, 2019|last=Miller|first=Allison Irv|title=WHITE TAXI VS YELLOW TAXI – WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE?|url=https://sugbo.ph/2019/white-taxi-vs-yellow-taxi/|access-date=2022-03-02|website=Sugbo.ph|language=en-PH}}</ref> In metropolitan [[Manila]], some cab companies use bicolour configurations to help distinguish their cars from other companies. ===Singapore=== {{main|Taxicabs of Singapore}} [[File:BYD e6 electric taxicab.jpg|thumb|right|[[BYD e6]] electric taxi in Singapore]] [[File:2016 Hyundai i30 (GD3 Series II) Tourer, SilverCab (2017-11-28).jpg|thumb|right|[[Hyundai i30|Hyundai i30 Tourer]] SilverCab taxi in Singapore]] [[File:SHB786K - London Cab TX4 in Singapore, SMRT owned front view.jpg|thumb|A London style taxi (TX4 model) in Singapore]] Total fleet: 82,130<ref name="lta">https://www.lta.gov.sg/content/dam/ltaweb/corp/PublicationsResearch/files/FactsandFigures/taxi_info_2019.pdf {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> ({{As of|2019|July}}) Every taxicab in Singapore is fitted with meters. ComfortDelGro is the only company that has flat fare booking on the app itself, with a system limitation of one destination. Dynamic pricing was introduced in May 2019 through "ComfortRIDE". ComfortDelGro was the only one to use Uber until Uber's operations in Southeast Asia merged into [[Grab (application)|Grab]], where all other companies are still using it. ComfortDelGro also plans to tie up with [[Go-Jek]].<ref>[https://www.theedgesingapore.com/go-jek%E2%80%99s-entry-worry-comfortdelgro ComfortDelGro worry about Go-Jek]</ref> In the mid-1960s, the first taxicab company had their vehicles painted black with a yellow rooftop. The model was a [[Mercedes-Benz W120|Mercedes Benz 220S]], followed by the [[Austin Cambridge A60]] which lasted until the mid-1970s. By then, the most popular taxicabs in Singapore were painted pale blue. From the early 1990s, many new taxis had new liveries, and the biggest taxicab company [[ComfortDelGro]] repainted its taxis in a dark blue color with a new logo.{{citation needed|date=September 2023}} Early examples used the [[Volga Gaz 24]], [[Isuzu Florian]] and [[Morris Marina]], which were replaced by the [[Nissan Cedric]] (Datsun 220C Diesel) and the [[Toyota Crown]] Diesel, which were the most common taxicab models in the 1970s and 1980s. The smaller [[Toyota Corona]] CT191 marked the late 1980s to mid-1990s era.{{citation needed|date=September 2023}} Currently, the [[Toyota Prius]], [[Hyundai Ioniq]] and [[Hyundai i40]] make up most flagship taxis in Singapore. In the mid 1990s, [[Mercedes-Benz E-Class]] cabs were introduced as a premium service catering to the airport and hotels. The [[Mercedes-Benz V-Class]], dubbed ''Maxicabs'', followed soon after.{{citation needed|date=September 2023}} Various models were used, such as [[Hyundai Azera]], [[Chrysler 300]], [[Škoda Superb]] and [[Volkswagen Touran]]. There are six taxicab companies in Singapore and four private hire car companies in Singapore.{{citation needed|date=September 2023}} {{clear right}} ===Sri Lanka=== [[File:Kandy-Tuk-tuk (1).jpg|thumb|right|Tuk-Tuk taxicab]] Most of the cabs are run by locals in their [[auto rickshaw]]s. {{clear right}} ===South Korea=== [[File:20110912 hyundai sonata taxi 1.jpg|thumb|right|Hyundai Sonata taxicab in South Korea]] [[File:20101018 kia k5 taxi 01.jpg|thumb|Kia K5 taxicab in South Korea]] There is an extensive taxicab system, with about 70,000 taxis in [[Seoul]] alone.<ref>{{cite news|last=Yoo|first=MaDee|title="개인택시 면허 달라" 법인 기사 시위|url=http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2011/05/11/2011051102696.html|accessdate=29 September 2011|newspaper=Chosun Ilbo|date=12 May 2011}}</ref> Altogether there are about 250,000 taxis in the whole of the country.<ref>{{cite web|last=Lee|first=SangIl|title=티머니 카드결제 카드택시, 10만대 돌파|url=http://www.nemopan.com/3440072|work=Digital Daily news site|publisher=Digital Daily (Korea)|accessdate=29 September 2011}}</ref> In cities such as Seoul and [[Busan]], taxicabs are very common. There are three types: an "ordinary" ({{Transl|ko|ilban}}; {{Lang|ko|일반}}) taxi; a "deluxe" ({{Transl|ko|mobum}}; {{Lang|ko|모범}}) taxicab, which is painted black and is bigger and much more expensive; and a 'taxicab for the handicapped' ({{Transl|ko|jang-e-in call taxi}}; {{Lang|ko|장애인콜택시}}), yellow vans with accessiblity enhancements. There are also two types of taxicab drivers' licenses: all taxicab drivers start driving their taxicab as employees in the taxicab companies, and these taxicabs that belong to a company are called 'corporate' ({{Transl|ko|bubin}}; {{Lang|ko|법인}}) taxicabs. After years of service in the taxicab company, drivers get a license which allows them to purchase their own vehicle and drive it as a self-employed driver, and the taxicabs they then drive are called 'individual' ({{Transl|ko|gaein}}; {{Lang|ko|개인}}) taxicabs. For 'ordinary' taxicabs, there is an extra 20% increase in fare after midnight, but this does not apply to the 'deluxe' taxis. Most 'ordinary' taxis are silver or white in color. Virtually all South Korean taxicabs are South Korean car models, and meter fares start at 3,800 [[South Korean won]]. The fares are much cheaper than in major cities in Europe and North America, and no extra fares are charged for luggage. All taxicabs are labeled in [[Korean language|Korean]] with a sign 'individual' ({{Lang|ko|개인}}), 'deluxe' ({{Lang|ko|모범}}), or the name of the company if the taxicab belongs to a taxicab company, and have a half-sphere on top of a half-pyramid, or to a lesser degree a silhouette of a [[List of gates in Korea|traditional Korean gate]] attached on the roof and labeled "TAXI". ===Taiwan=== [[File:Luxgen V7 Turbo taxi.jpg|thumb|right|[[Luxgen V7]] taxi in Taiwan]] The {{ill|Road Traffic Security Rules|zh|道路交通安全規則}} require taxi drivers in Taiwan to be at least 20 years old and have occupational [[driver license]]s. When drivers reach 60 years old, they may continue to drive taxis until 65 years old provided they pass annual [[physical examination]]s. Though there is a limit on the number of taxi licenses issued, taxi drivers who have maintained a clean driving record for six consecutive years can apply to drive taxis under personal licenses.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Tsai |first1=Chih Mei |title=As Uber and Taxi Drivers Take to the Streets, Taiwan's Democracy is Tested |url=https://english.cw.com.tw/article/article.action?id=2380 |access-date=14 August 2022 |work=CommonWealth Magazine |date=1 May 2019}}</ref> Taxis in larger cities are widely metered with fares generally based on distances and now more commonly with surcharges for times in slow and stopped traffic. At [[Chinese New Year|Lunar New Year]], the most important Taiwanese holiday, surcharges may also be payable. Historically whenever major crimes have occurred, many people, especially women, have felt less confident riding taxis due to safety and security concerns, causing taxi drivers to carry even fewer passengers.{{Citation needed|date=May 2007}} Throughout the 1990s in Taipei, violent clashes resulting from traffic disputes broke out between rival taxi companies.<ref>{{cite news |author1=Han Cheung |title=Taiwan in Time: Taipei's epic taxi war |url=https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/feat/archives/2022/08/14/2003783484 |access-date=14 August 2022 |work=Taipei Times |date=14 August 2022 |quote=The Liberty Times (Taipei Times’ sister paper) reported traffic disputes turning violent in January 1992 and March 1993, each time involving dozens of cabs. But the fighting on Aug 17, 1995 was unprecedented.}}</ref> After two major murders in late 1996, [[Yao Kao-chiao]], the director-general of the [[National Police Agency (Taiwan)|National Police Agency]], said that his daughter would not dare to ride in taxis.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lin |first1=Chieh-yu |title=Chen opens fire with ads |url=http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/local/archives/2000/02/12/0000023778 |access-date=10 March 2019 |work=Taipei Times |date=12 February 2000}}</ref> Many taxi drivers considered his speech impacting and discriminating against them.<ref>[http://www.new7.com.tw/weekly/old/509/article008C.html Chinese information] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041206172825/http://www.new7.com.tw/weekly/old/509/article008C.html |date=2004-12-06 }}</ref> For some time, taxis in Taiwan were required to be yellow.<ref>{{cite news |title=Taxi Driver, CHEN CHIN-SUNG |url=https://taiwantoday.tw/news.php?post=21745&unit=12,29,33,45 |access-date=14 August 2022 |work=Free China Review |date=1 January 1995}}</ref> The common color scheme led to taxis being known by the [[colloquialism]] "little yellow".<ref>{{cite news |title=Life Behind the Wheel |url=https://taiwantoday.tw/news.php?unit=20&post=26500 |access-date=14 August 2022 |work=Taiwan Review |date=1 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=With Taiwan cabbies, it's always a friendly ride |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/with-taiwan-cabbies-its-always-a-friendly-ride |access-date=14 August 2022 |work=The Straits Times |date=13 March 2013}}</ref> This stipulation was relaxed in 2016, as regulations applying to taxis and ridesharing companies were amended.<ref>{{cite news |title=Taxis in Taiwan may soon no longer be uniformly yellow |url=https://focustaiwan.tw/society/201601020021 |access-date=14 August 2022 |agency=Central News Agency |date=2 January 2016}} Republished by the [https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/2862233 Taiwan News]</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Building Consensus and Compromise on Uber in Taiwan |url=https://www.centreforpublicimpact.org/case-study/building-consensus-compromise-uber-taiwan |access-date=14 August 2022 |publisher=Center for Public Impact |date=16 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=New taxi rules may take effect in July |url=https://en.rti.org.tw/news/view/id/48527 |access-date=14 August 2022 |publisher=Radio Taiwan International |date=4 June 2016}}</ref> [[Uber]] entered the Taiwan market as an information service provider in 2013, and began operating what the [[Ministry of Economic Affairs (Taiwan)|Ministry of Economic Affairs]] Investment Commission determined was a passenger car service instead.<ref>{{cite news |title=Uber faces Taiwan ban for operating illegally |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/uber-faces-taiwan-ban-for-operating-illegally-116080300458_1.html |access-date=14 August 2022 |work=Business Standard |date=3 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Clover |first1=Charles |title=Uber faces ejection from Taiwan |url=https://www.ft.com/content/7c80f04e-595a-11e6-9f70-badea1b336d4 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/VMk6L |archive-date=2022-12-11 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=14 August 2022 |work=Financial Times |date=3 August 2016}}</ref> After this finding, an amendment to the Highway Act was passed in December 2016, increasing the fines levied on illegal taxi service operators.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Horowitz |first1=Josh |title=Uber is on the verge of getting kneecapped in East Asia |url=https://qz.com/879627/with-taiwan-in-limbo-uber-is-on-the-verge-of-getting-kneecapped-in-east-asia/ |access-date=14 August 2022 |work=Quartz |date=16 January 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Wang |first1=Lisa |title=Uber determined to stay despite huge fines |url=http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2016/12/27/2003661967 |access-date=14 August 2022 |work=Taipei Times |date=27 December 2016}}</ref> As a result, many ridesharing companies withdrew from Taiwan.<ref>{{cite news |title=Taiwan's Uber Bust |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/taiwans-uber-bust-1487291192 |access-date=14 August 2022 |work=Wall Street Journal |date=16 February 2017}}</ref> In 2017, [[Legality of ridesharing companies by jurisdiction#Taiwan|new regulations came into force]], permitting rideshare companies to partner with vehicle rental companies,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wu |first1=J. R. |title=Uber resumes ride-hailing service in Taiwan after talks with authorities |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-uber-tech-taiwan/uber-resumes-ride-hailing-service-in-taiwan-after-talks-with-authorities-idUSKBN17F0KB |access-date=14 August 2022 |work=Reuters |date=13 April 2017}} Republished by ''Fortune'' as [https://fortune.com/2017/04/13/uber-taiwan-suspension-fine/ Uber Is Back in Taiwan After a Two-Month Suspension]</ref> and stating that rideshare drivers must be licensed commercial drivers.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Tan |first1=Yvette |title=Uber gets back into Taiwan, but there's a catch |url=https://mashable.com/article/uber-taiwan-returns |access-date=14 August 2022 |work=Mashable |date=13 April 2017}}</ref> A 2019 amendment to Article 103-1 of the Transportation Management Regulations, dubbed the "Uber clause," barred rideshare companies from forming partnerships with vehicle rental agencies.<ref>{{cite news |title=Uber to follow regulations |url=https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2019/12/01/2003726766 |access-date=14 August 2022 |work=Taipei Times |date=1 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Ministry aims to aid taxi-like operators avoid breaching law |url=https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2019/09/08/2003721926 |access-date=14 August 2022 |work=Taipei Times |date=8 September 2019}}</ref> That same year, Taiwan began to offer multipurpose taxi service driver exams. Drivers for such services do not have to use yellow vehicles, and are paid a metered fare, but passengers must use an app to make initial contact.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hundreds in Taipei take special exam for multipurpose taxi drivers |url=https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/3727224 |access-date=14 August 2022 |work=Taiwan News |agency=Central News Agency |date=19 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Uber transforms into a domestic company in Taiwan |url=https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/4071775 |access-date=14 August 2022 |work=Taiwan News |agency=Central News Agency |date=8 December 2019}}</ref> ===Thailand=== [[File:Taxi-meter in Bangkok 08.JPG|thumb|right|Bangkok brightly coloured taxi - Toyota Corolla Altis]] [[File:Toyota Fortuner taxi in Pattaya.jpg|thumb|right|Bangkok bicoloured taxi - Toyota Fortuner]] Taxis are widely available in [[Bangkok]] and come in many different colours (because of different groups or companies). Most are metered. Bangkok taxis come in various colours, including single-colour, bi-colour and single-colour with strip. The single-colour taxis are a company taxi, personal taxi in cooperation or alliance, and rental company taxi. The colours include bright green, bright sky blue, red, orange, yellow, blue, pink, purple, violet and tan. There are three kinds of bi-colour taxis, including yellow and green, red and blue and yellow and orange. The yellow and green taxis are personal private taxis. The red and blue taxis are rental taxis. Yellow and orange are company taxis. In Bangkok, there are also airport taxis known as AOT Limousine. These cars are in silver. There are also taxis in [[Phuket Province|Phuket]], [[Chiang Mai]], [[Samui]], [[Nakhon Ratchasima]], [[Khon Kaen]], [[Udon Thani]] and [[Chonburi (city)|Chonburi]] using similar cars as in Bangkok. === Vietnam === [[File:Vinasun_Toyota_Innova.jpg|thumb|Vinasun Toyota Innova in Ho Chi Minh City]] The regular Vietnamese taxi market is dominated by two firms, Mai Linh Group and Vinasun.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|title=Leading taxi firm posts first ever annual loss|url=https://e.vnexpress.net/news/business/companies/leading-taxi-firm-posts-first-ever-annual-loss-4224365.html|access-date=2021-04-14|website=VnExpress International – Latest news, business, travel and analysis from Vietnam|language=en}}</ref> Motorbike taxis, known as {{Lang-vi|xe ôm|links=no|label=none}}, are also common.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Operating at night, motorbike taxi drivers risk lives to survive|url=https://e.vnexpress.net/news/life/trend/operating-at-night-motorbike-taxi-drivers-risk-lives-to-survive-4148334.html|access-date=2021-04-14|website=VnExpress International|language=en}}</ref> The main ride-hailing app operators are [[Grab (company)|Grab]] and Go Viet, a subsidiary of [[Gojek]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Jacob|first=Indochine Counsel-Steven|title=New Legal Developments for Ride Hailing in Vietnam {{!}} Lexology|url=https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=29de16bd-db34-4426-b2a2-39d262fc9666|access-date=2021-04-14|website=www.lexology.com|language=en}}</ref> Unlicensed taxi drivers and transport services are known for soliciting customers rudely.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-14|title=In Vietnam, taxi drivers assault staff of rival brand over client disputes|url=http://tuoitrenews.vn/news/society/20201014/in-vietnam-taxi-drivers-assault-staff-of-rival-brand-over-client-disputes/57266.html|access-date=2021-04-14|website=Tuoi Tre News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-01-12|title=Brokers for unlicensed taxi attack security officer at Hanoi airport|url=http://tuoitrenews.vn/news/society/20190112/brokers-for-unlicensed-taxi-attack-security-officer-at-hanoi-airport/48513.html|access-date=2021-04-14|website=Tuoi Tre News|language=en-US}}</ref> {{Clear}} ==Europe== ===Albania=== [[File:Skoda Octavia taxicab in Albania (AA 538T).jpg|thumb|right|Taxicab in Albania]] In [[Tirana]], the capital city, taxis are all painted in yellow, with various signs on the roof. Official taxis have yellow plates with red text. The Albanian word is {{Lang|sq|taksi}}, but most of the signs are in English. Lately,{{When|date=September 2021}} the law has required taxi drivers to buy cars that are less than 10 years old. 90% of taxicabs are private: there are only two companies operating and they only operate in [[Tirana]]. Apart from these two companies, very few drivers use [[taximeter]]s.{{citation needed|date=November 2019}} {{clear}} ===Bulgaria=== [[File:Taxis at Sofia Airport 20090409 001.JPG|thumb|right|Hyundai Sonata taxicab in Sofia, Bulgaria]] Until the fall of socialism in Bulgaria, all taxis were [[VAZ-2101]] and [[Moskvitch 2138]]. Today, in Sofia, [[Hyundai Sonata]] taxis are mainly found. In 2013, "green" [[Toyota Prius]] taxis were introduced. {{clear}} ===Finland=== [[File:Skoda Superb Combi 2.0 TDI Hämeenlinna, taxi.jpg|thumb|right|Skoda Superb Combi taxi in Finland]] After [[World War II]], Russian cars, especially [[GAZ-M20 Pobeda|Pobeda]] and [[GAZ Volga|Volga]], dominated the taxi market in [[Finland]] for several years. In the late 1950s, the import restriction on cars was lifted for taxi operators, which made it feasible to import western cars in larger numbers. By the end of the 1960s, [[Mercedes-Benz]] in particular had gained a dominant position, accounting for up to half the taxi stock, and the Finnish distributor of Mercedes, VEHO, even has a separate taxi sales department. Mercedes has remained the archetypal taxi ever since, although other makes such as Volvo (especially estate models) and [[Volkswagen Group|Volkswagen Audi Group]] (VAG) brands are also common. Taxis in Finland do not have to be liveried in any particular colour or pattern. They are recognisable from the yellow {{Lang|fi|TAKSI}} sign on the roof, which is illuminated when the taxi is available for hire. Taxis mainly gather at special taxi ranks, instead of being hailed. Customers either walk to the taxi rank and take the first available taxi from the front of the queue, or wait at the rank for a taxi to appear. One can also order a taxi by telephone or app to a specific address. ===France=== [[File:Citroen C6 Taxi (45677855371).jpg|thumb|right|Citroen taxicab in France]] The first horse-drawn forerunners of taxis appeared on Parisian streets in 1637. France was one of the first countries to use modern taxis—that is, gasoline-powered vehicles with fare meters in 1899. New York's first taxis were imported from France in 1907, and taxis were famously used for troop transportation during the [[First Battle of the Marne]]. Within the last two decades{{When|date=September 2021}} a large number of taxis in France were [[Peugeot]] cars, among them the mythic [[Peugeot 406]] used in ''[[Taxi (1998 film)|Taxi]]'', the French action-comedy film.{{citation needed|date=December 2019}} {{clear}} ===Germany=== [[File:2013 Mercedes-Benz E-Class (W212) taxicab.jpg|thumb|200px|Mercedes-Benz E-Class taxi in Germany]] An important event in the history of the taxi was the invention of the [[taximeter]] by [[Friedrich Wilhelm Gustav Bruhn]], a German engineer, in 1891.<ref>{{cite magazine|first=Megan |last=McArdle |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2012/05/why-you-can-8217-t-get-a-taxi/8942/# |title=Why You Can't Get a Taxi |magazine=[[The Atlantic]] |date=2012-05-01 |accessdate=2015-10-02}}</ref> The [[Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft|Daimler]] Victoria &mdash;the world's first meter-equipped (and gasoline-powered) taxicab&mdash;was built by [[Gottlieb Daimler]] in 1897, and began operation in Stuttgart that same year. In Germany, taxis were required by law until November 2005 to be light ivory ([[RAL (color space system)|RAL]] number 1015). Before 1971, they were required to be black. There is a small illuminated {{Lang|de|TAXI}} sign on the roof of the car (on when available, off otherwise). Typically the taxicabs are [[Mercedes-Benz E-Class]] and [[Mercedes-Benz S-Class|S-Class]], along with other, mainly German, brands. Taxicabs are either [[sedan (car)|sedan]]s, [[station wagon]]s, or [[minivan|MPV]]s. Common station wagon taxicabs include [[Mercedes-Benz C-Class]]. Among the [[minivan|MPV]]s, [[Mercedes-Benz B-Class]], and [[Mercedes-Benz Viano]]s are common. Most taxicabs have [[automatic transmission]], and some have navigation systems on board. Fares are usually close to those of other western European countries;<ref>[http://lntp.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/utpi-fr-copie1.jpg Taxis fares comparison (2014)]</ref> however, in [[Berlin]] taxis have a special low fare (€4) called {{Lang|de|Kurzstrecke}} for distances less than 2&nbsp;km. Except in Portugal, in other western European capitals, the minimum taxi fare usually costs double;{{clarify|date=December 2017}} nevertheless, the convenience and high quality of public transportation in most German cities eliminates the need for taxicabs.{{citation needed|date=December 2017}} Although allowed, street hailing is relatively uncommon in Germany because cabs rarely circle the cities when vacant. Because there are relatively few customers, most cabs return to assigned waiting stations and are called on-demand. Although this has proven to be more economical for cab drivers, it is considered very inconvenient for commuters because taxis include the ride from the waiting station to the pickup point in the fare. ===Hungary=== [[File:RF2281.jpg|thumb|right|Skoda Octavia taxi in Hungary]] In [[Budapest]], the capital of Hungary, all taxis must be painted yellow since 2013 and vehicles must be younger than 10 years old. {{clear}} ===Ireland=== [[File:Irish taxicab 2005 Skoda Octavia (1Z) 1.6 Ambiente sedan (The Diamond, Donegal, June 2012 (03) (cropped)).jpg|thumb|200px|right|A taxi in Ireland]] In the [[Republic of Ireland]], the term ''taxi'' is reserved for vehicles that may pick up on streets and where the fare is determined by a meter. Taxi vehicles do not have to be a particular colour but all carry a distinctive roof sign with the licence number prominently displayed, some with the [[Irish language|Irish]] word {{Lang|ga|TACSAÍ}} instead of the usual ''TAXI.'' Additionally, a sticker or stickers determine their boundaries by county; these stickers carry a letter or letters reflecting the number plate county code (e.g. D=[[Dublin]], MH=[[County Meath|Meath]] etc.) (for full list, see [[vehicle registration plates of Ireland]]). And as of January 2013, a green and blue ''TAXI'' sticker is required on the front doors. In September 2006 a nationwide taxi fare system was introduced so that charges no longer depend on the county or city council area. The term ''[[hackney carriage|hackney]]'' is used in Ireland to refer to a service which can only carry passengers from a pre-booked destination (or the hackney company's office) to another destination, similar to a [[Taxicabs of the United Kingdom#Private hire ('minicabs')|minicab]] in Britain. Such vehicles are indicated by a small yellow plate above the registration plate with the word ''Hackney'' and the licence information. They normally operate for an agreed fare. Both taxis and hackneys are licensed by the [[National Transport Authority (Ireland)|National Transport Authority]].<ref>[https://www.nationaltransport.ie/taxi-and-bus-licensing/taxi/e/ NTA, Ireland]</ref> ===Italy=== [[File:Opel Vectra 1.9 CDTI SW taxi a Rovigo 03.jpg|thumb|right|Taxicab in Italy]] In Italy, taxicabs are white (previously they were yellow, in the 1950s and 1960s they were green-black or red), with a small illuminated {{Lang|it|TAXI}} white (previously red) sign on a black background on the roof of the car. There are 25,186 taxis in the country (1 for every 2,412 people).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.noitassisti.com/docs/Espresso|title=Taxi Power|accessdate=8 April 2012}}</ref> [[Mercedes-Benz]], [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] and [[Fiat]] models are common. [[Multi-purpose vehicle|MPV]] or minivan taxicabs are also prevalent, such as the [[Fiat Multipla]], [[Fiat Ulysse]], [[Fiat Doblo]] and [[Ford Galaxy]]. There is at the present time{{When|date=September 2021}} a harsh political struggle between people who advocate deregulation of taxi licences and those who are against it.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/italys-truck-taxi-drivers-strike-over-austerity-113951762.html|title=Italy's truck, taxi drivers strike over austerity|date=23 January 2012|accessdate=8 April 2012}}</ref> {{clear}} ===Lithuania=== [[File:A-Taksi.jpg|thumb|right|Taxi in Lithuania]] In [[Lithuania]] taxicabs are called {{Lang|lt|taksi}}; all of them have a small, yellow illuminated cylinder-like {{Lang|lt|Taksi}} sign on the roof of the car and a black and yellow checkered pattern on the sides. In the capital city [[Vilnius]], taxicabs are divided into two categories: expensive and cheap. Expensive ones (i.e. Vilnius veža) charge 3.99 [[Lithuanian litas|LTL]] to get in and 2.39-2.99 LTL per kilometer.<ref>[http://www.taksi.lt/taksi-vilniuje.html Taxi in Vilnius] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130710005518/http://www.taksi.lt/taksi-vilniuje.html |date=2013-07-10 }}</ref> They use white, brand new [[Ford C-Max]]<ref>[https://archive.today/20130624215557/http://www.lrytas.lt/verslas/auto/vilnius-veza-taksi-bendrove-pasirinko-vienaturius-ford-c-max.htm Vilnius veža has chosen Ford C-Max]</ref> or [[Volkswagen Touran]] models,<ref>[http://www.balsas.lt/naujiena/739325/vilnius-veza-pasirinko-volkswagen-touran-automobilius Vilnius veža has chosen Volkswagen Touran]</ref> allow passengers to pay for the trip using a [[credit card]], use [[tablet computers]] instead of radio to communicate, and the drivers have special uniforms. Cheap taxis in Lithuania mostly use older high-end vehicles such as [[Volkswagen Passat (B4)]] or [[Audi A6#C4 .28Typ 4A.2C 1994.E2.80.931997.29|Audi A6 (C4)]] instead of the Chevrolet Spark or similar. They charge 2 [[Lithuanian litas|LTL]] to get in and around 2 LTL per kilometer. They do not have a specific color and can be recognized only by a yellow {{Lang|lt|Taksi}} sign on the roof or black and yellow checkered pattern on the sides. {{clear}} ===Netherlands=== [[File:Dutch Taxicab.jpg|Taxicab in Amsterdam|thumb]] In the [[Netherlands]], electric [[Tesla, Inc.|Tesla]] cars are slowly replacing diesel and petrol cabs.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cleantechnica.com/2014/10/21/amsterdam-airport-enlists-167-tesla-taxis/ |title=Amsterdam Airport Enlists 167 Tesla Taxis &#124; CleanTechnica |access-date=2017-10-27 |archive-date=2017-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027125737/https://cleantechnica.com/2014/10/21/amsterdam-airport-enlists-167-tesla-taxis/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> All taxis have light blue license plates with black characters. ===Norway=== [[File:Mercedes-Benz E-Class facelift taxicab (Vogts gate 52 (cropped)).jpg|thumb|right|Mercedes-Benz E-Class taxi in Norway]] In Norway, the end of 2009 roster showed that 41.9% of the 8961 taxicabs were from [[Mercedes-Benz]], and several manufacturers that can offer a diesel-engined executive car are represented. 91.6% of Norwegian taxis are equipped with diesel engines.{{Update inline|date=April 2021|reason=Electric cars rise to record 54% market share in Norway}} Among {{Lang|no|maxitaxi}}''s'' (minibuses operating as taxis), Mercedes-Benz vehicles such as the [[Mercedes-Benz Sprinter]] constitute 70% of the fleet.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.taxiforbundet.no/cgi-bin/nortaxi/imaker?id=596|title=Bestanden av taxikjøretøy pr 31.12.2009|publisher=Norges Taxiforbund|language=Norwegian|accessdate=20 January 2011}}</ref> Taxicabs are usually distinguished by small company decals on the [[Hood (vehicle)|bonnet]] and doors and an illuminated "taxi" sign on the roof (the internationally recognised word ''taxi'' is almost always used, rather than the Norwegian word {{Lang|no|drosje}}; the term {{Lang|no|maxitaxi}} is used informally to refer to minibuses used as taxis). There is no particular colour for taxicabs though various shades of black and silver are the most popular choices of colour. Fares are always metered, although there may be fixed tariffs for certain journeys such as airport-to-city-centre. In 2011, the most popular models of vehicles used as taxis were the [[Mercedes E-class]], [[Toyota Prius]], and [[Volvo V70]], accounting for more than half of the taxi fleet.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.taxiforbundet.no/taxi-fakta/statistikk/bilstatistikk/|title=Kjøretøy i Taxinæringen: Registreringsstatistikken for 2011|publisher=Norges Taxiforbund|language=Norwegian|accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> The Mercedes-Benz E-classes is the most common new cab, with the hybrid Toyota Prius in second place, the latter having increased its sales due to the tax regime favoring low carbon dioxide emissions.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vg.no/bil-og-motor/artikkel.php?artid=10034164|title=Hybridbil rykker opp mot taxi-toppen|last=Merg|first=Per Morten|author2=Hattrem, Hanne |date=27 October 2010|publisher=VG|language=Norwegian|accessdate=20 January 2011}}</ref> ===Romania=== [[File:Romanian Taxicab in Burchaest.jpg|thumb|right|Dacia taxicab in Bucharest, Romania]] Taxicabs in [[Romania]] are usually yellow, like in New York City, but this is not a universal rule. For instance, in Braşov County, some cabs are white; in Arad County, most are white. The company name, taxi fare, and license number are written on the car doors. Taxis do not include the ride from the waiting station to the pickup point in the fare.{{citation needed|date=August 2021}} {{clear}} ===Russia=== [[File:Taxi99 near the subway Taganskaya, Moscow, Russia, oct 2010. Canon EOS 550 (2) (cropped).JPG|thumb|200px|right|Taxi99 [[Chevrolet Epica]]]] [[File:Автомобиль Tesla (Яндекс.Такси) в процессе зарядки.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Tesla Model S]] operated by [[Yandex.Taxi]] service in [[Moscow]].]] Regulated official taxicabs, identifiable by their yellow livery (from the 1st of July{{Clarify|date=July 2013|reason=What year?}} all taxis in Moscow must be painted in [[RAL (color space system)|RAL]] 1006 [maize yellow]); they are relatively few in Moscow, however, since any car can be used as a taxi.<ref name=way>[http://www.waytorussia.net/Moscow/GettingAround.html "Transportation in Moscow /Getting Around"], Way to Russia, 2004</ref> There is a long tradition of so-called (in English) 'gypsy-cabs' that comprise most of the city's fleet.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080203075200/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2003/09/04/wmosc04.xml " Moscow women in fear of serial killer"], Julius Strauss, [[The Daily Telegraph]], 3 September 2003</ref> These are private motorists, typically in [[Lada|Lada 1300]]s or similar vehicles, who will pick up passengers in the street. For some drivers, gypsy-cab work is their main source of income, whereas many others will cruise around after finishing their day jobs. Some Muscovites who are not driving specifically for hire will nevertheless pick up paying passengers traveling in the direction of their own destination. Gypsy-cabs can be hailed quickly in central Moscow by stepping up to the curb and raising a hand.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060212102504/http://www.axess.se/english/2005/05/outlook_stephen.php "Destroying Moscow"], Chris Stephen, [[Axess TV|Axess Magazine]], 2007</ref> Driver and passenger will negotiate a price through the front window;<ref name=way/> though occasionally the driver does not wish to go to the requested destination or the passenger and driver cannot agree on a mutually acceptable price, in which case the car may leave and the passenger is able to try their luck with another one. While there is obviously a risk of crime in getting into a stranger's car in any city, using gypsy-cabs in Moscow is seen as relatively safe, though the British Embassy in the city officially discourages the practice.<ref>[http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1089123737295 "Britain in Russia - Services"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070608234816/http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket%2FXcelerate%2FShowPage&c=Page&cid=1089123737295 |date=2007-06-08 }}, British Embassy, 19 June 2007</ref> In contrast to taxicabs, pre-booked private-hire vehicles are readily available in Moscow on a conventional commercial basis. Traditional cabs in the Western sense are becoming more and more common, but remain very expensive in comparison to the gypsy cabs. In Russia there also exists a luxury taxi service where taxis are [[Maybachs]] and [[TechArt Magnum]]s (tuned [[Porsche Cayenne]]s). ===Slovenia=== In Slovenia taxicabs are called TAKSI and there's an inscription on the roof and on the doors. There's no rule for the taxi colour (except in Koper and Sežana where the taxis are white). ===Soviet Union=== [[File:Volga GAZ-24 taxi edition.jpg|thumb|[[GAZ-24]] «taxi» edition]] In the latter years of the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] regime, the most common cars used as taxis were the [[GAZ]] series vehicles. There are two modifications: the [[GAZ-24]] "taxi" and old series [[GAZ-21]] "taxi". {{clear}} ===Spain=== [[File:Prius Taxi Barcelona.jpg|200px|Taxicab in Barcelona|thumb]] In Spanish cities, as well as in small and large towns, taxicabs always have a meter. The models that can be used must be previously officially approved for this function by the local authorities, and they are always four-door sedans or minivans. Regarding the livery, each town and city designates the colour of their taxis, but the overwhelming majority are white, usually with some kind of colour detail and/or local symbol on the doors. For example, in [[Madrid]] and [[Almería]], taxicabs are white with a red diagonal stripe going through the front doors; in [[Seville]], they are white with a diagonal yellow stripe down the rear doors; in [[Bilbao]], they are white with a horizontal red stripe on the front doors. A notable exception is [[Barcelona]], where taxicabs are fully black, except the doors and the boot lid, which are painted yellow. ===Sweden=== [[File:Taxis in Stockholm.JPG|thumb|right|Taxicabs in Stockholm]] In Sweden, most taxis are painted black, yellow or dark blue, to some extent depending on the company's guidelines. There are many taxi companies, from big networks to single-car companies. [[Vehicle registration plates of Sweden#Special plates|License plates on Swedish registered taxis]] are yellow and all end with a "T" in a slightly smaller size than the other characters on the license plate. The tariff varies, but all taxis must have a taximeter and a price comparison chart visible in the car. {{clear}} ===United Kingdom=== {{Main|Taxicabs of the United Kingdom}} [[File:A TX4 Taxi at Heathrow Airport Terminal 5.jpg|thumb|200px|right|[[LTI TX4|TX4]] in London]] [[File:2010 Mercedes S350 Bluetec taxi (15780750655).jpg|thumb|200px|right|Mercedes-Benz S-Class taxicab in Canterbury]] There is a mature system of taxicabs throughout the United Kingdom. In 2015, there were around 298,000 licensed drivers in England, of which 164,000 were private hire licenses, 62,000 were taxi licenses and 72,000 were dual licenses.<ref name=taxistats2015>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/456733/taxi-private-hire-vehicles-statistics-2015.pdf |title=Taxi and Private Hire Vehicle Statistics: England 2015}}</ref> All taxicabs are regulated with various degrees of sophistication. However, London's black cabs, known historically and legally as [[hackney carriage]]s, are particularly notable for their vehicles and the extensive training course (''[[Taxicabs of the United Kingdom#The Knowledge|The Knowledge]]'') required for fully licensed [[driving|drivers]]. "Hackney carriages" ("black cabs"; but they may be any colour) can be hailed in the street or hired from a taxicab rank. The term "Hackney carriage" can also be applied to standard passenger vehicles authorised by other [[Local Authorities]] to stop for passengers on a hail in the district. The fare is calculated on a [[taximeter]] that charges by both time and distance. Taxicab service in London is regulated by [[Transport for London]]'s strict [[Conditions of Fitness]], mandating size, turning radius, age, and emissions, resulting in its unique vehicles built primarily for the London market such as the [[LEVC TX|LEVC]] and the [[Mercedes Vito]] seen today.<ref>{{cite web |title=CONSTRUCTION AND LICENSING OF MOTOR TAXIS FOR USE IN LONDON |url=https://content.tfl.gov.uk/taxi-conditions-of-fitness-update-2019.pdf |website=Transport for London |access-date=1 January 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-01|title=Taxi Statistics UK|url=https://www.nimblefins.co.uk/business-insurance/taxi-insurance/taxi-statistics-uk|access-date=2021-04-17|website=www.nimblefins.co.uk|language=en}}</ref> There are two other types of hire vehicles that act as taxis; they are known as private hire vehicles: * A "private hire" taxi must be pre-booked, usually by telephone but also in some cases by e-mail or via in-car radio.{{citation needed|date=December 2017}} Although not available to be hailed in the street, licensed private hire vehicles can offer a safe alternative to a "Hackney Carriage". The advantage of a private hire booking is that the journey is offered at a fixed price based only on mileage and not the variable time element of a [[taximeter]] found in a "Hackney Carriage"; unless the private hire vehicle is fitted with a taximeter in which case this meter must be used to calculate the fare. In many areas private hire and hackney vehicles have different coloured taxi licence plates; and also it is common that hackney carriages ''must'' be a certain colour (usually black, hence the term "black cab"), while private hire taxis may be any colour but that prescribed for hackneys. * Chauffeur cars are a sub-set of private hire and historically have been mostly unlicensed. However, regulations now require them to be licensed. In [[Scotland]] most chauffeur/executive car operators along with nearly all stretched [[limousines]] are not still not licensed, and neither are their drivers. Generally, a prestige type of car such as a Mercedes or BMW is operated where the passenger pays a premium but in return receives a higher level of comfort and courtesy from the driver who may at times wear a uniform. In Great Britain [[local authorities]] have the responsibility of regulating taxi and private hire vehicles together with their drivers. Licensed vehicles will normally have an ID plate at the rear, and sometimes also at the front, which shows information such as the licence number, expiry date, and how many passengers it may carry. [[Luton]] is reported to have the highest number of taxicabs per head of population in the United Kingdom.<ref>[http://ukpollingreport.co.uk/guide/seat-profiles/lutonsouth "Luton South"], UK Polling Report</ref> ==North America== ===Mexico=== {{main|Taxicabs of Mexico}} [[File:Taxi Ciudad de Mexico 2014.jpg|thumbnail|Taxi in Mexico City with the [[Mexican pink]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Taxis del DF ahora serán de color rosa mexicano|url=http://noticias.terra.com.mx/mexico/df/taxis-del-df-ahora-seran-de-color-rosa-mexicano,1d93a07e39308410VgnVCM10000098cceb0aRCRD.html|publisher=Terra México|accessdate=19 January 2016}}</ref> and white design in use since 2014]] In Mexico City, according to Mexican legislation introduced in 2001, public taxicabs (in contrast with private taxicabs, or {{Lang|es|taxis de sitio}}) must be four-door, painted in red with a white roof, and almost all new taxis are [[Nissan Sentra|Nissan Tsuru]]s. Before 2001 most taxicabs were green [[Volkswagen Beetle]]s with a white roof. They had the front passenger seat{{Clarify|date=April 2009}} removed in order to ease entry for passengers. At the moment,{{When|date=September 2021}} the taxi population is in a transition period, with both types in use.<ref>[http://timtotango.googlepages.com/mexicocitytaxiscabsinformation Taxicabs in Mexico City]</ref> Originally taxis were yellow with a white roof, until they were changed in the mid-1990s (allegedly because yellow was the official colour of the [[Partido de la Revolución Democrática]], which at the time was competing for the newly created [[Head of Government of the Federal District|Mexican District governancy]] with the [[Partido Revolucionario Institucional]], which is mostly identified with green colour; officially it was to identify green taxicabs as environmentally-friendly {{Lang|es|ecológicos}}, even though they were the same polluting Volkswagen Beetles{{Citation needed|date=April 2009}}). As in most of the world, a special license must be obtained in order to run a taxicab. {{clear}} ===Trinidad and Tobago=== In [[Trinidad and Tobago]] the vehicles most commonly used as taxis are fifth-generation [[Nissan Cedric]]s, fifth and sixth-generation [[Nissan Laurel]]s, 6th to 8th generation [[Toyota Crown]]s, [[Datsun Bluebird]]s and any other vehicles registered with an "H". However, in Trinidad, many cars still operate as taxicabs without being registered. These "illegal" taxicabs are called "PH"<ref>[http://speakouttnt.com/2009/03/attic-supports-crackdown-on-illegal-ph-taxis/] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716114258/http://speakouttnt.com/2009/03/attic-supports-crackdown-on-illegal-ph-taxis/|date=July 16, 2011}}</ref> or "P/H" taxis due to the fact that private cars are registered with a "P", for example, "PAU 6767". Private taxi companies are scarce and expensive, hence all taxis in Trinidad are both driver-managed and driver-operated. Privately owned taxis vary in colour and model, therefore one would almost never see a [[yellow cab]] in Trinidad and Tobago. Unlike [[maxi taxi]]s that are colour-coded to a specific area, taxicabs are not colour-coded. ===United States and Canada=== [[File:NYC Taxi Nissan NV200.jpg|thumb|right|Nissan NV200 New York taxicab]] [[File:Toyota PriusV hybrid taxi.jpg|thumb|right|[[Toyota Prius V]] in [[Vancouver]], [[British Columbia]]]] {{main|Taxicabs of the United States }} {{main|Taxicabs of Canada}} Throughout the United States (and Canada) there is a mature system of taxicabs. Most U.S. and Canadian cities have a licensing scheme that restricts the number of taxicabs allowed. These are sometimes called [[Medallion taxi|medallion]]s or CPNC (Certificate of Public Necessity and Convenience). Often taxi businesses own their own cars, and the drivers are hired by the company as independent contractors. However, cabs can also be owned by separately-incorporated small businesses that subscribe to a dispatch service, in which case the company logo on the door is that of the dispatch association. A suburban taxi company may operate under several different names serving several adjacent towns. They often provide different phone numbers for each fleet, but they usually all ring into a central dispatch office. They may have subsidiary taxi businesses holding medallions in each town. Taxi companies also may run multiple businesses, such as non-medallion car services, delivery services, and school buses, for additional revenue, as the infrastructure required for maintaining, operating, and dispatching the fleet can be shared. Sometimes theme or entertainment-based taxis, like Funkmaster V's Uptown Cabs of Renown or Karaoke Kab, are popular taxi services in the United States. {{clear right}} ==Oceania== ===Australia=== {{main|Taxicabs of Australia}} [[File:2009 Ford Falcon (FG) XT sedan, 13CABS (2018-03-22).jpg|alt=|thumb|[[Ford Falcon (Australia)|Ford Falcon]] taxi in Perth, Western Australia]] Australia used horse-drawn taxis once cities were established (as had been used in Europe in the early 19th century). Motor vehicle taxis were introduced into Australia not long after they were put into service in the United Kingdom and Europe. In 1906, [[Sydney]] inaugurated motorised taxis and in approximately 1907 so did [[Queensland]], and other states followed soon after. The progress through the years included many types of tourers from the 1910 era until the late 1920s, with British and American cars predominating. [[Sedans]] were added during the late 1920s and included similar makes of vehicles. This was the case with all cars being imported into Australia until World War II began. American cars proved more suitable to Australian motoring conditions, especially for taxis. [[General Motors Corporation]] built thousands in Australia, as did the other American companies including [[Ford Motor Company]] and [[Chrysler]]. The release of hybrid cars has been slow, but is beginning{{As of?|date=September 2021}} to replace LPG taxis. ===New Zealand=== [[File:Green Cabs, Queenstown, NZ; 25.03.2019.jpg|200px|thumb|Green Cabs in [[Queenstown, New Zealand]]]] In New Zealand, as in Australia, [[Holden Commodore]]s and Ford Falcons were the traditional taxicab of choice. However, in the last decade, large front-wheel drive V6 models such as [[Toyota Avalon]]s, [[Nissan Maxima]]s and [[Toyota Camry]]s predominated. In the main centres these are now being replaced by lower carbon-emission vehicles, primarily the [[Toyota Prius]] and the Toyota Camry Hybrid. {{clear}} ==South America== ===Argentina=== [[File:Taxibue3.JPG|thumb|right|[[Chevrolet Corsa]] taxi]] In [[Argentina]] taxicabs are called {{Lang|es|taxis}}. In the capital of [[Buenos Aires]], as well as Rosario and other cities, the taxis are black with yellow roofs. The licensing is a central government function. In the 1980s, many [[Peugeot 504]]s using the aforementioned paint scheme served as taxis. Today, most models are [[Chevrolet Corsa]] and [[Fiat Siena]], with retrofitted or factory-built [[Natural gas vehicle|NGV]] engines, which means much lower fuel costs than gasoline. {{clear}} ===Colombia=== [[File:Bogota carrera 13 taxi centro internacional calle 28 (cropped).JPG|thumb|right|Kia Picanto taxicab in Bogota, Colombia]] In Colombia, taxicabs are yellow in most cities. The most common taxicab is the [[Hyundai Atos]], praised for its fuel economy. Other similar, popular taxicab vehicles include the Chevrolet Matiz and the Kia Picanto. ===Guyana=== In [[Guyana]], any vehicle registered with the first letter as "H" is a taxi. There are over 20,000 registered taxis in the country. Some cars are not registered to be taxis but still operate as them. They are called private-hire cars and operate illegally in the country. They have "P" plates and are not authorised to operate as taxis. As of 2010, taxis are required to be painted yellow. They also have a sticker on the rear bumper that reads ''[[Hackney Carriage]]''.{{citation needed|date=December 2018}} ===Peru=== [[File:Yellow Taxis in Lima.jpg|thumb|One type of taxi in Miraflores, Lima]] In [[Peru]] taxicabs are usually yellow or white. However, there is no rule regarding color, so taxicabs also can be gray, black, or red.{{citation needed|date=September 2018}} {{clear}} ===Uruguay=== [[File:Taxis de Montevideo, Uruguay. 542.jpg|thumb|Taxis of Montevideo, Uruguay.]] In [[Uruguay]] taxicabs are always called {{Lang|es|taxis}} and not ''cabs''. In Uruguay's capital, [[Montevideo]], taxis are yellow and white. Licensing is a central government function. ===Venezuela=== {{main|Taxicabs of Venezuela}} In Venezuela taxis are mostly white with the exception of luxury taxis usually found at airports and luxury hotels, which are black. In Venezuela, there is no such thing as a taximeter, nor any other way to know the fare. Due to this, it is common to discuss the fare with the driver before getting inside the cab. They tend to mislead tourists when coming to the country (especially Caracas) because the city does not have a numerical system for the streets, buildings or houses, making it almost impossible to navigate through the city with just a map.{{Citation needed|date=September 2021}} ==taxiservicetransport== 🚦🚦🎉TAXI GENSAN CALL OR TEXT 24/7 SERVICE🚦🚦🎉 🤩09976902519// 09212779414 🤩 🥰Sa mga walang  masakyan Jan 😍 ➡️GRAB CAR GenSan City Transport ➡️GRAB CAR GenSan AIRPORT 🤙 Accepted ADVANCE booking 🤙 <nowiki>#</nowiki>GRABCAR GENERAL SANTOS CITY  REGION 12 🚖🚕 B     📍Fatima. 📍Sinawal O     📍Tambler 📍Apopong O      📍Lote           📍Makar K      📍Calumpang     📍Labangal 💞     📍San maguel <nowiki>#</nowiki>GRABTAXI Private Car 🚖🚕 🥰 REGION 12 & 11 General Santos City South  Cotabato & Davao City B     📍  Polomolok & Canary O     📍 Tupi & Tampakan O     📍Marbel & Koronadal K     📍 Banga & Sorallah & Norallah 💞   📍 ANY POINT OF GENSAN or (DAVAO GRAB TAXI GENERAL SANTOS CITY GRAB CAR SOUTH COTABATO * [[Livery of taxicabs worldwide]] ==References== {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Taxicabs By Country}} [[Category:Taxis by country| ]]'