Horn of Africa: Difference between revisions

* [[Arabic language|Arabic]] <small>(co-official in Somalia, Djibouti,and SomalilandDjibouti & liturgical language of Muslims)</small>

* [[Djiboutian Franc]]}}

| data11 = [[Addis Ababa]] (Ethiopia)<br />[[Juba]] (South Sudan)<br />[[Mogadishu]] (Somalia) <br />[[Asmara]] (Eritrea)<br />[[Djibouti|Djibouti(city)]] (Djibouti) <br />[[Hargeisa]] (Somaliland)

The '''Horn of Africa''' ('''HoA''') <ref group="nb">{{lang-om|Gaafa Afrikaa}}, {{lang-am|የአፍሪካ ቀንድ|yäafrika qänd}}, {{lang-so|Geeska Afrika}} 𐒌𐒜𐒈𐒏𐒖 𐒖𐒍𐒇𐒘𐒏𐒖<!--for historical notation purposes-->, {{lang-ti|ቀርኒ ኣፍሪቃ|q’ärnī afīrīqa}}, {{lang-ar|القرن الأفريقي|al-qarn al-'afrīqī}})</ref> is a [[peninsula]] in [[Eastern Africa]] and the easternmost projection of the [[Africa|African continent]].<ref name="Joireman22">Sandra Fullerton Joireman, ''Institutional Change in the Horn of Africa'', (Universal-Publishers: 1997), p.1: "The Horn of Africa encompasses the countries of Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti and Somalia. These countries share similar peoples, languages, and geographical endowments."</ref><ref name="Britannica22">Encyclopædia Britannica, inc, Jacob E. Safra, ''The New Encyclopædia Britannica'', (Encyclopædia Britannica: 2002), p.61: "The northern mountainous area, known as the Horn of Africa, comprises Djibouti,Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Somalia."</ref><ref name="Hodd22">Michael Hodd, ''East Africa Handbook'', 7th Edition, (Passport Books: 2002), p. 21: "To the north are the countries of the Horn of Africa comprising Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somaliland, Djibouti, and Somalia."</ref><ref name="Stock2">Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara, Second Edition: A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guilford Press; 2004), p. 26</ref> It lies along the southern side of the [[Red Sea]] and extends hundreds of kilometers into the [[Gulf of Aden]], Somali Sea and [[Guardafui Channel]].

The Horn of Africa consists of the countries of '''[[Ethiopia]]''',[[South Sudan]], [[Djibouti]], [[Eritrea]],'''[[Somalia]]''' and [[Somaliland]].<ref name="Stock">Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara, Second Edition: A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guilford Press: 2004), p. 26</ref><ref name="Hodd22" /><ref name="Britannica22" /><ref name="Joireman22" /> It covers approximately two million square kilometers (770,000 square miles), and is inhabited by roughly 115 million people (Ethiopia: 96.6&nbsp;million, Somalia: 15.4&nbsp;million, Eritrea: 6.4&nbsp;million, and Djibouti: 0.81&nbsp;million). In ancient and medieval times it was called the land of the ''[[Barbaria (East Africa)|Barbaria]]'' and [[People of Ethiopia|Ethiopians]].<ref name="auto2">J. D. Fage, Roland Oliver, Roland Anthony Oliver, ''The Cambridge History of Africa'', (Cambridge University Press: 1977), p.190</ref><ref name="auto">[[George Wynn Brereton Huntingford]], Agatharchides, ''The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea: With Some Extracts from Agatharkhidēs "On the Erythraean Sea"'', (Hakluyt Society: 1980), p.83</ref><ref name="auto1">John I. Saeed, ''Somali'' – Volume 10 of London Oriental and African language library, (J. Benjamins: 1999), p. 250.</ref> Regional studies on the Horn of Africa are carried out, among others, in the fields of [[Oromo studies]],<ref>{{citation|title=OROMO STUDIES|url=https://www.oromostudies.org/|date=n.d.}}</ref> [[Ethiopian Studies]] and [[Somali Studies]].