Quenya/Respective

Usage

This case is sometimes called the mystery-case because so little is known about it.

We only have a few examples by Tolkien himself, so different authors have used it in different ways. But as Helge Fauskanger notes: 'As these authors didn’t get nightly visits from Tolkien, we can regard these uses as acceptable' .

Most authors use it as a nephew of the locative case: To replace the preposition "by" when it is used to describe a place:

• `B aY`C `B 1.D7R8 i coa i taures "the house by the forest"

This means "the house next to the forest", a locative has a slightly different meaning:

• `B aY`C `B 1.D7R,R i coa i tauressë "the house in the forest"

To replace the preposition "at" when it is used to describe a place:

• `B aDj1E `B 7Ew#8 i calta i rambas "the picture at the wall"

This means "the picture hanging on the wall", a locative again has a slightly different meaning:

• `B aDj1E `B 7Ew#,R i calta i rambassë "the picture on (top of) the wall"

Formation

The formation is however well known, because Tolkien explained in a letter to Mr. Plotz: the respective can be formed by changing the final –n of the dative into an –s:

• aG7ÎD8 ciryas "by a ship" (dative: aG7ÎD5 ciryan)

• aG7ÎlD8 ciryais "by ships" (dative: aG7ÎlD5 ciryain)

• aG7ÎDj%8 ciryalis "by some ships" (dative: aG7ÎDj%5 ciryalin)

The u-duals are formed in the same way:

• `Cm&8 aldus "by a pair of trees" (dative: `Cm&5 aldun)

The t-duals however have a special ending \1R8 –tes:

• aG7ÎD1R8 ciryates "by a pair of ships"

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>> Neo-Quenya >> Nouns >> Respective