Charles Millard: Difference between revisions
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==Early life== |
==Early life== |
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He was born in [[St. Thomas, Ontario]], the son of a railroad repairman, and first trained as a carpenter.<ref>{{cite web|author=Nick Goupinets |url=http://library.mcmaster.ca/archives/findaids/fonds/m/millard.htm |title=Charles Hibbert Millard collection |publisher=Library.mcmaster.ca |date= |accessdate=2008-12-05}}</ref> |
He was born in [[St. Thomas, Ontario]], the son of a railroad repairman, and first trained as a carpenter.<ref>{{cite web|author=Nick Goupinets |url=http://library.mcmaster.ca/archives/findaids/fonds/m/millard.htm |title=Charles Hibbert Millard collection |publisher=Library.mcmaster.ca |date= |accessdate=2008-12-05}}</ref> |
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Millard became an autoworker after his small business failed as a result of the [[Great Depression]].<ref name= |
Millard became an autoworker after his small business failed as a result of the [[Great Depression]].<ref name=Wilson>Wilson, Jeffrey L. (1989). ''[http://scholars.wlu.ca/etd/18/ Charles H. Millard: Architect of industrial unionism in Canada]'' (M.A. thesis) Wilfrid Laurier University</ref> |
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==Union activism== |
==Union activism== |
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Employed by [[General Motors Canada|General Motors]] in [[Oshawa, Ontario]], Millard was involved in the organizing auto workers in the 1930s and was elected the first president of the new [[United Auto Workers]] local 222 in Oshawa leading his union out on [[strike action|strike]] in 1937 after GM refused to recognize the union. The 18 day long strike was successful and Millard's local obtained the first contract in Canada between an automobile manufacturer and its workers.<ref |
Employed by [[General Motors Canada|General Motors]] in [[Oshawa, Ontario]], Millard was involved in the organizing auto workers in the 1930s and was elected the first president of the new [[United Auto Workers]] local 222 in Oshawa leading his union out on [[strike action|strike]] in 1937 after GM refused to recognize the union. The 18 day long strike was successful and Millard's local obtained the first contract in Canada between an automobile manufacturer and its workers.<ref name=Wilson /> Millard was elected the first Canadian director of the United Auto Workers, was a full time organizer for the [[Congress of Industrial Organizations|CIO]] and was also elected to the provincial executive of the [[Ontario CCF|Co-operative Commonwealth Federation in Ontario]]. Millard was active in championing the CCF within the union against the [[Communist Party of Canada]], and was viewed as some as a divisive force.<ref name=Wilson /> In 1939, he was defeated in his bid for re-election as the UAW's Canadian director by [[George Burt (Canada)|George Burt]] who was the candidate of the "Unity Caucus" composed of Communists, left-wing CCFers and other militants who viewed Millard as right-wing. CIO president [[John L. Lewis]] appointed Millard secretary of the CIO in Canada and then as the first head of the [[Steel Workers Organizing Committee]] in Canada (SWOC) became the [[United Steel Workers of America]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca/labourstudies/onlinelearningcentre/uswacda/uswahistory/1930.htm |title=United Steelworkers in Canada Historical Timeline |publisher=Socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca |date= |accessdate=2008-12-05}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> in 1942 with Millard as Canadian director<ref name="mcmaster1940">{{cite web|url=http://socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca/labourstudies/onlinelearningcentre/uswacda/uswahistory/1940.htm |title=United Steelworkers in Canada Historical Timeline |publisher=Socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca |date= |accessdate=2008-12-05}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> and was active in purging Communists from the SWOC.<ref name="geocities1">{{cite web|url=http://ca.geocities.com/local343/343history.html |title=Local 343 United Steelworkers of America - History Page |publisher=Ca.geocities.com |date= |accessdate=2008-12-05|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20090724155818/http://ca.geocities.com/local343/343history.html|archivedate=2009-07-24}}</ref> Millard was also an executive member of the [[Canadian Congress of Labour]] and played a role in establishing the United Packinghouse Workers in Canada. |
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Millard stepped down as Canadian director in 1947<ref name="mcmaster1940"/> but resumed the post in the 1950s. |
Millard stepped down as Canadian director in 1947<ref name="mcmaster1940"/> but resumed the post in the 1950s. |
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Revision as of 16:17, 5 October 2011
Charles Hibbert (Charlie) Millard (August 25, 1896 - November 24, 1978) was a Canadian trade union activist and politician.
Early life
He was born in St. Thomas, Ontario, the son of a railroad repairman, and first trained as a carpenter.[1] Millard became an autoworker after his small business failed as a result of the Great Depression.[2]
Union activism
Employed by General Motors in Oshawa, Ontario, Millard was involved in the organizing auto workers in the 1930s and was elected the first president of the new United Auto Workers local 222 in Oshawa leading his union out on strike in 1937 after GM refused to recognize the union. The 18 day long strike was successful and Millard's local obtained the first contract in Canada between an automobile manufacturer and its workers.[2] Millard was elected the first Canadian director of the United Auto Workers, was a full time organizer for the CIO and was also elected to the provincial executive of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation in Ontario. Millard was active in championing the CCF within the union against the Communist Party of Canada, and was viewed as some as a divisive force.[2] In 1939, he was defeated in his bid for re-election as the UAW's Canadian director by George Burt who was the candidate of the "Unity Caucus" composed of Communists, left-wing CCFers and other militants who viewed Millard as right-wing. CIO president John L. Lewis appointed Millard secretary of the CIO in Canada and then as the first head of the Steel Workers Organizing Committee in Canada (SWOC) became the United Steel Workers of America[3] in 1942 with Millard as Canadian director[4] and was active in purging Communists from the SWOC.[5] Millard was also an executive member of the Canadian Congress of Labour and played a role in establishing the United Packinghouse Workers in Canada.
Millard stepped down as Canadian director in 1947[4] but resumed the post in the 1950s.
World War II
Millard was initially critical of World War II - in December 1939 he was arrested under the Defence of Canada Regulations after telling workers in Timmins that "[we] should have democracy here in Canada before we go to Europe to defend it."[6] As a result Millard was jailed and the Canadian offices of the CIO being raided by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police.[7]
Creation of the Canadian Labour Congress
In the mid-1950s, Millard played a role in negotiating the merger of the Canadian Congress of Labour (CCL) with the rival Trades and Labour Congress of Canada becoming vice-president of the new body, the Canadian Labour Congress, at its founding in 1956. In the late 1950s he was also director of organizing for the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions in Brussels, Belgium.[8]
Political career
He served in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a CCF Member of Provincial Parliament for the Toronto area riding of York West from 1943 to 1945 and again from 1948 to 1951[9] and was also the party's vice president through much of the 1940s.[10] In the early 1960s, he supported the creation of the New Democratic Party as a party with formal affiliation with the Canadian Labour Congress. He was a candidate for the federal CCF in the 1953 federal election and for the federal NDP in the 1962 and 1963 federal elections but failed in his bid to become a Member of Parliament in the House of Commons.[11]
Religious views
A Christian Socialist, Millard was involved with the United Church of Canada and the Religious Labor Foundation[5]
Death
He died in Toronto in 1978.[12]
References
- ^ Nick Goupinets. "Charles Hibbert Millard collection". Library.mcmaster.ca. Retrieved 2008-12-05.
- ^ a b c Wilson, Jeffrey L. (1989). Charles H. Millard: Architect of industrial unionism in Canada (M.A. thesis) Wilfrid Laurier University
- ^ "United Steelworkers in Canada Historical Timeline". Socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca. Retrieved 2008-12-05. [dead link]
- ^ a b "United Steelworkers in Canada Historical Timeline". Socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca. Retrieved 2008-12-05. [dead link]
- ^ a b "Local 343 United Steelworkers of America - History Page". Ca.geocities.com. Archived from the original on 2009-07-24. Retrieved 2008-12-05.
- ^ "From Pariahs to Patriots: Canadian Communists and the Second World War". Socialist History Project. Retrieved 2008-12-05.
- ^ "The Left in Canada in World War II". Socialist History Project. Retrieved 2008-12-05.
- ^ Laurel Sefton Macdowell. "Millard, Charles Hibbert". Thecanadianencyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2008-12-05.
- ^ "Legislative Assembly of Ontario | Members (MPPs) | Past & Present MPPs | MPP Charles Hibbert Millard". Ontla.on.ca. Retrieved 2008-12-05.
- ^ Ross Lambertson. "Ross Lambertson| "The Dresden Story": Racism, Human Rights, and the Jewish Labour Committee of Canada| Labour/Le Travail, 47| The History Cooperative". Historycooperative.org. Retrieved 2008-12-05.
- ^ "History of Federal Ridings since 1867". Parl.gc.ca. Retrieved 2008-12-05.
- ^ Laurel Sefton Macdowell. "Millard, Charles Hibbert". Thecanadianencyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2008-12-05.