View source for Tokyo 18th district

{{Short description|Japan House of Representatives constituency}}
{{Infobox constituency
|name              =  [[Tokyo]] 18th District
|nativename={{nobold|東京都第18区}}|type              =  [[Parliament]]ary
|constituency_link = Tokyo 18th district
|parl_name         = [[House of Representatives (Japan)|Japanese House of Representatives]]
|map1              =
|map_size          = 450px
|image             = 衆議院小選挙区 東京都2.svg
|map_entity        = 
|map_year          = 
|caption           = ''Numbered map of Tokyo single-member districts''
|map2              = 
|image2            = 
|caption2          = 
|map3              = 
|image3            = 
|caption3          = 
|map4              = 
|image4            = 
|caption4          = 
|district_label    = [[Prefecture (Japan)|Prefecture]]<!-- can be State/Province, region, county -->
|district          = [[Tokyo]]
|region_label      = [[List of districts of the House of Representatives of Japan|Proportional District]]<!-- can be State/Province, region, county -->
|region            = [[Tokyo proportional representation block|Tokyo]]
|population        = 
|electorate        = 444,924 <small>(2021)</small><ref>{{cite web |title=東京18区|url=https://go2senkyo.com/shugiin/19607/senkyoku/38870 |website=go2senkyo |publisher=initial.inc |access-date=3 December 2021}}</ref>
|towns             =
|future            = 
|year              = 1994 <!-- year of establishment -->
|abolished_label   = 
|abolished         = 
|members_label     = Representative
|members           = Kaoru Fukuda
|seats             = One
|elects_howmany    = One
|party_label       = [[Political parties of Japan|Party]]<!-- defaults to "Party" -->
|party             = [[Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)|Liberal Democratic Party]]
|local_council_label = 
|local_council     = 
|next              = 
|previous          = [[Tokyo 7th district (1947–1993)|Tokyo's 7th "medium-sized" district]] 
|blank1_name       = [[Municipalities of Japan|Municipalities]]
|blank1_info       = [[Musashino, Tokyo|Musashino]], [[Koganei, Tokyo|Koganei]] and [[Nishitokyo]]
|blank2_name       = 
|blank2_info       = 
|blank3_name       = 
|blank3_info       = 
|blank4_name       = 
|blank4_info       = 
}}

{{Nihongo|'''Tokyo 18th District'''|東京都第18区|Tōkyō-tō dai-jūhachi-ku|or 東京18区 ''Tōkyō jūhachi-ku''}} is a constituency of the [[House of Representatives of Japan|House of Representatives]] in the [[Diet of Japan]]. It is located in [[Western Tokyo]] and consists of the cities of [[Musashino, Tokyo|Musashino]], [[Koganei, Tokyo|Koganei]] and, since 2022 [[Nishitokyo]]. Musashino and Koganei have been a part of the district from its creation, but between 2002 and 2022 it also included [[Fuchu, Tokyo|Fuchū]], and before 2002 it included [[Mitaka, Tokyo|Mitaka]].
Before the electoral reform of 1994, the area had been part of [[Tokyo 7th district (1947–1993)|Tokyo 7th district]], where four representatives were elected by [[Single non-transferable vote]] (SNTV).

From its creation to 2012, the district was represented by former [[Prime Minister of Japan|Prime Minister]] and popular [[Democratic Party of Japan|Democratic Party]] co-founder [[Naoto Kan]]. In the [[2005 Japanese general election|election of 2005]] it was the only constituency the opposition could defend in Tokyo against the landslide for [[Junichiro Koizumi]]'s ruling coalition. In 2003, then party chairman Kan beat former Minister of Labour [[Kunio Hatoyama]], the younger brother of Democratic Party leader [[Yukio Hatoyama]] by a margin of more than 50,000 votes.

In the [[2009 Japanese general election|election of 2009]], [[Masatada Tsuchiya]] was the candidate for the ruling [[Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)|LDP]].<ref name="senkyo2009">{{cite web|url=http://www.senkyo.janjan.jp/election/2009/99/008477/00008477_23795.html|script-title=ja:衆議院 >第45回衆議院議員選挙 >東京都 >東京18区|work=ザ･選挙|accessdate=2009-06-09|publisher=[[JANJAN]]|language=Japanese|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090428165915/http://www.senkyo.janjan.jp/election/2009/99/008477/00008477_23795.html|archivedate=2009-04-28}}</ref> Tsuchiya who failed to unseat Kan in 2005 was a representative for the Tokyo proportional representation block where he ranked second on the LDP's list 2005.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.senkyo.janjan.jp/election/2005/99/000001/00000001_720_000001.html|script-title=ja:衆議院 >第44回衆議院議員選挙 >東京>自民|work=ザ･選挙 |accessdate=2009-06-09 |publisher=[[JANJAN]] |language=Japanese}}</ref> In 2009 he failed to secure reelection in the Tokyo block. Kan was elected president of the then ruling Democratic Party again in 2010 shortly before the 2010 House of Councillors election; but his cabinet resigned after only 15 months. In the 2012 House of Representatives election, Kan lost Tokyo 18th district to Masatada Tsuchiya by more than 10,000 votes; ranking third on the Democratic proportional list in Tokyo (''[[sekihairitsu]]'' 87.9%), he gained the last of the three Democratic seats in the Tokyo proportional block behind [[Banri Kaieda]] and [[Jin Matsubara]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/election/shugiin/2012/kaihyou/yc84.htm|script-title=ja:【比例代表】 東京（定数17）|work=[[Yomiuri Shimbun]]|accessdate=2013-03-14|language=Japanese}}</ref>

Kan joined [[Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan|the Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan]] before the 2017 general election and regained the seat. Tsuchiya lost his seat even with his high ''sekihairitsu'' as he did not run for the proportional block. In 2021 Kan was challenged by a former [[Democratic Party of Japan|DPJ]] lawmaker, [[Akihisa Nagashima]], who had joined the [[Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)|LDP]]. Kan managed to hold his seat in a tight race that received national attention.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ex-PM Naoto Kan beats former subordinate in Japan general election |url=https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20211101/p2g/00m/0na/005000c |access-date=3 December 2021 |publisher=Mainichi Japan |date=1 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Affluent Tokyo Suburb Shows Why Japan's Opposition Can't Keep Up |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-27/affluent-tokyo-suburb-shows-why-japan-s-opposition-can-t-keep-up |website=Bloomberg |access-date=3 December 2021}}</ref>

==List of representatives==
{| class=wikitable
|- valign=bottom
! Representative
! colspan="2" | Party
! Dates
! Notes
|-
| [[Naoto Kan]]
| bgcolor={{party color|Democratic Party of Japan}} | || [[Democratic Party of Japan|DPJ]]
| 1996–2012
| Re-elected in the [[Tokyo PR block]]
|-
| [[Masatada Tsuchiya]]
| bgcolor={{party color|Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)}} | || [[Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)|LDP]]
| 2012–2017
|
|-
| Naoto Kan
| bgcolor={{party color|Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan}} | || [[Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan|CDP]]
| 2017–2024
| 
|-
| Kaoru Fukuda
| bgcolor={{party color|Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)}} | || [[Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)|LDP]]
| 2024-
| Incumbent
|}

== Election results ==
{{Election box begin | title=[[2024 Japanese general election|2024]]}}
  {{Election box winning candidate with party link|
   |party      = Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)
   |candidate  = Kaoru Fukuda
   |votes      = 99,002
   |percentage = 42.34
   |change     = {{decrease}}2.38
  }}
  {{Election box candidate with party link|
   |party      = Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan
   |candidate  = Reiko Matsushita <small>(elected by [[Tokyo proportional representation block|PR]])</small>
   |votes      = 96,820
   |percentage = 41.41
   |change     = {{decrease}}5.71
  }}
  {{Election box candidate with party link|
   |party      = Sanseitō
   |candidate  = Yukiko Tokunaga
   |votes      = 19,496
   |percentage = 8.34
   |change     = N/A
  }}
  {{Election box candidate with party link|
   |party      = Japanese Communist Party
   |candidate  = Makoto Higuchi
   |votes      = 18,512
   |percentage = 7.92
   |change     = N/A
  }}
  {{Election box majority
   |votes      = 2,182
   |percentage = 0.93
   |change     = {{decrease}}1.96
 }}
  {{Election box turnout
    |votes= 233,830
    |percentage = 60.13
    |change= {{decrease}}1.47
  }}
{{Election box gain with party link without swing
   |winner    = Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)
   |loser     = Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan
}}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin|title=[[2021 Japanese general election|2021]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nhk.or.jp/senkyo/database/shugiin/2021/13/|script-title=ja: 開票速報 小選挙区：東京 - 2021衆議|access-date=2 November 2021|publisher=[[NHK]]|language=ja}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
   |party      = Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan
   |candidate  = [[Naoto Kan]]
   |votes      = 122,091
   |percentage = 47.12
   |change     = {{increase}}6.39
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)
   |candidate  = [[Akihisa Nagashima]] <small>(elected by [[Tokyo proportional representation block|PR]])</small>
   |votes      = 115,881
   |percentage = 44.72
   |change     = {{increase}}4.43
  }}
  {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Independent politician
   |candidate  = Masami Koyasu
   |votes      = 21,151
   |percentage = 8.16
   |change     = 
  }}
  {{Election box majority
   |votes      = 6,210
   |percentage = 2.40
   |change     = {{increase}}1.96
 }}
 {{Election box turnout
   |votes        =
   |percentage   = 59.86
   |change       = {{increase}}4.03
 }}
{{Election box hold with party link
   |winner    = Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan
   |swing     = 0.98
}}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin|title=[[2017 Japanese general election|2017]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asahi.com/senkyo/senkyo2017/kaihyo/A13.html#Area018|script-title=ja:小選挙区開票速報：東京（定数25）|work=[[Asahi Shimbun]]|accessdate=2017-11-27|language=Japanese}}</ref>}}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan
   |candidate  = [[Naoto Kan]]
   |votes      = 96,713
   |percentage = 40.73
   |change     = {{increase}}1.94
 }} 
{{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)
   |candidate  = [[Masatada Tsuchiya]]
   |votes      = 95,667
   |percentage = 40.29
   |change     = {{decrease}}5.50
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Kibō no Tō
   |candidate  = Atsushi Tokita
   |votes      = 45,081
   |percentage = 18.98
   |change     = N/A
 }}
{{Election box majority
   |votes      = 1,046
   |percentage = 0.44
   |change     = {{decrease}}6.76
}}
{{Election box turnout
   |votes        =
   |percentage   = 55.83
   |change       = {{decrease}}1.60
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
   |winner       = Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan
   |loser        = Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)
   |swing        = {{increase}}3.72
}}
  {{Election box end}}
{{Election box begin|title=[[2014 Japanese general election|2014]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asahi.com/senkyo/sousenkyo47/kaihyo/A13.html#Area018|script-title=ja:小選挙区：東京 - 開票速報 - 2014総選挙: 朝日新聞デジタル|work=[[Asahi Shimbun]]|accessdate=2017-12-07|language=Japanese}}</ref>}}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)
   |candidate  = [[Masatada Tsuchiya]]
   |votes      = 106,143
   |percentage = 45.81
   |change     = {{increase}}13.59
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Democratic Party of Japan
   |candidate  = [[Naoto Kan]] <small>(elected by [[Tokyo proportional representation block|PR]])</small>
   |votes      = 89,877
   |percentage = 38.79
   |change     = {{increase}}10.46
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Japanese Communist Party
   |candidate  = Ryo Yuuki
   |votes      = 35,699
   |percentage = 15.41
   |change     = {{increase}}10.27
 }}
{{Election box majority
   |votes      = 16,266
   |percentage = 7.02
   |change     = {{increase}}3.13
}}
{{Election box turnout
   |votes      = 
   |percentage = 57.43
   |change     = {{decrease}}7.59
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
   |winner    = Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)
   |swing     = {{increase}}1.57
}}
  {{Election box end}}
{{Election box begin|title=[[2012 Japanese general election|2012]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asahi.com/senkyo/sousenkyo46/kaihyo/A13.html#Area018|script-title=ja:第46回総選挙>小選挙区開票速報：東京都|work=[[Asahi Shimbun]]|accessdate=2017-12-07|language=Japanese}}</ref>}}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)
   |candidate  = [[Masatada Tsuchiya]]
   |votes      = 84,078
   |percentage = 32.22
   |change     = {{increase}}0.09
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Democratic Party of Japan
   |candidate  = [[Naoto Kan]] <small>(elected by [[Tokyo proportional representation block|PR]])</small>
   |votes      = 73,942
   |percentage = 28.33
   |change     = {{decrease}}31.13
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Independent politician
   |candidate  = [[Katsuhito Yokokume]]
   |votes      = 44,828
   |percentage = 17.18
   |change     = N/A
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Japan Restoration Party
   |candidate  = Katsuya Igarashi
   |votes      = 28,837
   |percentage = 11.05
   |change     = N/A
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Tomorrow Party of Japan
   |candidate  = Yasuyuki Sugimura
   |votes      = 15,873
   |percentage = 6.08
   |change     = N/A
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Japanese Communist Party
   |candidate  = Takayoshi Yanagi
   |votes      = 13,419
   |percentage = 5.14
   |change     = {{decrease}}2.50
 }}
{{Election box majority
   |votes      = 10,136
   |percentage = 3.89
   |change     = {{decrease}}23.44
}}
{{Election box turnout
   |votes      = 
   |percentage = 65.02
   |change     = {{decrease}}3.22
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
   |winner    = Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)
   |loser     = Democratic Party of Japan
   |swing     = {{increase}}15.61
}}
  {{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin | title=[[2009 Japanese general election|2009]]<ref name="senkyo2009" />}}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Democratic Party of Japan
   |candidate  = [[Naoto Kan]]
   |votes      = 163,446
   |percentage = 59.46
   |change     = {{increase}}12.69
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)
   |candidate  = [[Masatada Tsuchiya]]
   |votes      = 88,325
   |percentage = 32.13
   |change     = {{decrease}}11.75
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Japanese Communist Party
   |candidate  = [[Tamiji Koizumi]]
   |votes      = 21,004
   |percentage = 7.64
   |change     = {{decrease}}0.31
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Happiness Realization Party
   |candidate  = [[Michie Tanabe]]
   |votes      = 2,087
   |percentage = 0.76
   |change     = {{increase}}0.76
 }}
{{Election box majority
   |votes      = 75,121
   |percentage = 27.33
   |change     = {{increase}}24.44
}}
{{Election box turnout
   |votes      = 274,862
   |percentage = 68.24
   |change     = {{increase}}0.20
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
   |winner    = Democratic Party of Japan
   |swing     = {{increase}}12.22
}}
 {{Election box end}}

[[File:Tokyo hrdist map 2005.PNG|thumb|In 2005, the ruling coalition of LDP (red) and [[Kōmeitō]] (green) swept Tokyo's single-member districts. The opposition DPJ (blue) was reduced to one district, down from 12 in 2003.]]
{{Election box begin | title=[[2005 Japanese general election|2005]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.senkyo.janjan.jp/election/2005/99/000001/00000001_503.html|script-title=ja:衆議院 >第44回衆議院議員選挙 >東京都 >東京18区|work=[http://www.senkyo.janjan.jp/ ザ･選挙]|accessdate=2009-06-09|publisher=[[JANJAN]]|language=Japanese|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090705184356/http://www.senkyo.janjan.jp/election/2005/99/000001/00000001_503.html|archivedate=2009-07-05}}</ref>}}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Democratic Party of Japan
   |candidate  = [[Naoto Kan]]
   |votes      = 126,716
   |percentage = 46.77
   |change     =
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)
   |candidate  = [[Masatada Tsuchiya]] <small>(elected by [[Tokyo proportional representation block|PR]])</small>
   |votes      = 118,879
   |percentage = 43.88
   |change     =
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Japan Communist Party
   |candidate  = [[Tōru Miyamoto]]
   |votes      = 21,542
   |percentage = 7.95
   |change     =
 }}
  {{Election box turnout
   |votes      = 270,949
   |percentage = 68.04
   |change     =
 }}
 {{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin | title=[[2003 Japanese general election|2003]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.senkyo.janjan.jp/election/2003/99/001583/00001583_5897.html |script-title=ja:衆議院 >第43回衆議院議員選挙 >東京都 >東京18区 |work=[http://www.senkyo.janjan.jp/ ザ･選挙] |accessdate=2009-06-09 |publisher=[[JANJAN]] |language=Japanese |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190203084148/http://www.senkyo.janjan.jp/election/2003/99/001583/00001583_5897.html |archivedate=2019-02-03 }}</ref>}}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Democratic Party of Japan
   |candidate  = [[Naoto Kan]]
   |votes      = 139,195
   |percentage = 57.36
   |change     =
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)
   |candidate  = [[Kunio Hatoyama]] <small>(elected by [[Tokyo proportional representation block|PR]])</small>
   |votes      = 83,337
   |percentage = 34.34
   |change     =
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Japan Communist Party
   |candidate  = [[Motonari Kobayama]]
   |votes      = 16,010
   |percentage = 6.60
   |change     =
 }}
  {{Election box turnout
   |votes      = 242,652
   |percentage = 62.38
   |change     =
 }}
 {{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin | title=[[2000 Japanese general election|2000]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.senkyo.janjan.jp/election/2000/99/001580/00001580_5595.html|script-title=ja:衆議院 >第42回衆議院議員選挙 >東京都 >東京18区|work=[http://www.senkyo.janjan.jp/ ザ･選挙]|accessdate=2009-06-09|publisher=[[JANJAN]]|language=Japanese|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100711023642/http://www.senkyo.janjan.jp/election/2000/99/001580/00001580_5595.html|archivedate=2010-07-11}}</ref>}}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Democratic Party of Japan
   |candidate  = [[Naoto Kan]]
   |votes      = 114,750
   |percentage =
   |change     =
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)
   |candidate  = Hisanori Kataoka<ref>片岡 久議</ref>
   |votes      = 49,740
   |percentage =
   |change     =
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Japan Communist Party
   |candidate  = Sadahiko Toda<ref>戸田定彦</ref>
   |votes      = 21,900
   |percentage =
   |change     =
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Liberal Party (Japan, 1998)
   |candidate  = Takashi Kanamori<ref>金森隆</ref>
   |votes      = 16,467
   |percentage =
   |change     =
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Liberal League (Japan)
   |candidate  = Yū Kaneko<ref>金子遊</ref>
   |votes      = 1,521
   |percentage =
   |change     =
 }}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin | title=[[1996 Japanese general election|1996]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.senkyo.janjan.jp/election/1996/99/001557/00001557_5124.html|script-title=ja:衆議院 >第41回衆議院議員選挙 >東京都 >東京18区|work=[http://www.senkyo.janjan.jp/ ザ･選挙]|accessdate=2009-06-09|publisher=[[JANJAN]]|language=Japanese|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090817131811/http://www.senkyo.janjan.jp/election/1996/99/001557/00001557_5124.html|archivedate=2009-08-17}}</ref>}}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Democratic Party of Japan
   |candidate  = [[Naoto Kan]]
   |votes      = 116,910
   |percentage =
   |change     =
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = New Frontier Party (Japan)
   |candidate  = Takashi Kanamori
   |votes      = 24,245
   |percentage =
   |change     =
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)
   |candidate  = Chikara Ōkubo<ref>大久保力</ref>
   |votes      = 23,566
   |percentage =
   |change     =
 }}
 {{Election box candidate with party link
   |party      = Japan Communist Party
   |candidate  = Sadahiko Toda
   |votes      = 22,488
   |percentage =
   |change     =
 }}
{{Election box end}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-par|jp-lwr}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Hokkaido 9th district]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Constituency represented by the [[Prime Minister of Japan|prime minister]]|years=2010–2011}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Chiba 4th district]]}}
{{end}}

{{Diet of Japan Tokyo electoral districts}}
{{Japan House of Representatives Districts}}

{{coord missing|Tokyo}}

[[Category:House of Representatives (Japan) districts in Tokyo]]
[[Category:Constituencies established in 1994]]
[[Category:1994 establishments in Japan]]