Pedernales River: Difference between revisions

Pedernales River
Pedernales River
	The Pedernales River in Pedernales Falls State Park
	Location of Pedernales River, Texas
Location
Country	United States
State	Texas
Region	Edwards Plateau, Texas Hill Country
Physical characteristics
Source	Kerr County, Texas
• coordinates	30°15′45″N 99°19′31″W / 30.26250°N 99.32528°W
• elevation	690 m (2,260 ft)
Mouth	Lake Travis, Travis County, Texas
• coordinates	30°25′51″N 98°03′36″W / 30.43083°N 98.06000°W
• elevation	197 m (646 ft)
Length	170 km (110 mi)
Basin size	3,297 km2 (1,273 sq mi)
Discharge
• average	2.3 m3/s (81 cu ft/s)

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The Pedernales River (/ˌpɜːrdəˈnælɪs/ PUR-də-NAL-iss) is a tributary of the Colorado River, approximately 106 miles (171 km) long, in Central Texas in the United States.^[2] It drains an area of the Edwards Plateau, flowing west to east across the Texas Hill Country west of Austin. The name "Pedernales", first used in the middle 18th century, comes from a Spanish word for the flint rocks characteristic of the riverbed.

Description

The river rises from springs in northeastern Kerr County, approximately 25 miles (40 km) southeast of Junction. It flows north into southeast Kimble County and then east into Gillespie County,^[1] passing south of Fredericksburg, and into Blanco County, passing north of Johnson City. It joins the Colorado from the southwest in Lake Travis, approximately 10 miles (16 km) west of Austin.

The river has a close association with the Texas Hill Country, tied to the history of the region and emblematic of its geography. Along its route it flows over numerous rugged limestone escarpments as it winds eastward, passing along the south side of the ranch of President Lyndon B. Johnson,^[3] who grew up in nearby Stonewall, south of the river.

In 1750, Fray Benito Fernández de Santa Ana proposed a plan to the Spanish government that a mission be established among the Lipan Apache who lived along the river. In 1789, the river was the site of a skirmish between Colonel Francisco Xavier Ugalde and a group of Lipan and Mescalero Indians. The first permanent white settlement along the river was in 1846, when the town of Fredericksburg was established by German immigrants. The threat of raids from Apaches restricted settlement in the area until the 1880s.

Pedernales Falls State Park is located along the river in Blanco County east of Johnson City. Like many rivers in central Texas, it is prone to variable water levels. A sign at the state park shows a relatively tranquil river in one picture and a raging wall of muddy water in the next picture, said to be taken only five minutes after the first. The speed at which flash floods can arise along this river has resulted in several deaths at the park, and warning sirens have been installed in the park and elsewhere along the river. The lower river is a popular destination for whitewater rafting during the high-water season.

Pedernales River in Pedernales Falls State Park

References

^ ^a ^b Harper West, TX 7.5 Minute Topographic Quadrangle, USGS, 1974 (1978 rev.)
^ ^a ^b "Pedernales River". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved 2019-08-12.
^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-02-15. Retrieved 2013-11-17.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

External links

[USGS-1] Harper West, TX 7.5 Minute Topographic Quadrangle, USGS, 1974 (1978 rev.)

[gnis-2] "Pedernales River". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved 2019-08-12.

[3] "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-02-15. Retrieved 2013-11-17.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[1]

[2]

[3]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Infobox river
 | name               = Pedernales River
-| name_native        =
+| native_name        =
-| name_native_lang   =
+| native_name_lang   =
 | name_other         =
 | name_etymology     =
@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 | image              = Pedernales1.jpg
 | image_caption      = The Pedernales River in [[Pedernales Falls State Park]]
-| map                = TXMap-river-Pedernales.png
+| map                = {{maplink-road|from=Pedernales River.map}}
 | map_size           =
 | map_caption        = Location of Pedernales River, Texas
@@ Line 61: / Line 61: @@
 The river rises from springs in northeastern [[Kerr County, Texas|Kerr County]], approximately {{convert|25|mi|km|0}} southeast of [[Junction, Texas|Junction]].  It flows north into southeast [[Kimble County, Texas|Kimble County]] and then east into [[Gillespie County, Texas|Gillespie County]],<ref name=USGS>''Harper West, TX'' 7.5 Minute Topographic Quadrangle, USGS, 1974 (1978 rev.)</ref> passing south of [[Fredericksburg, Texas|Fredericksburg]], and into [[Blanco County, Texas|Blanco County]], passing north of [[Johnson City, Texas|Johnson City]]. It joins the Colorado from the southwest in [[Lake Travis]], approximately {{convert|10|mi|km|0}} west of Austin.
-The river has a close association with the Texas Hill Country, tied to the history of the region and emblematic of its geography. Along its route it flows over numerous rugged [[limestone]] escarpments as it winds eastward, passing along the south side of the ranch of President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]],<ref>http://www.nps.gov/lyjo/planyourvisit/upload/Locator2008-nobus.pdf</ref> who grew up in nearby [[Stonewall, Texas|Stonewall]], south of the river.
+The river has a close association with the Texas Hill Country, tied to the history of the region and emblematic of its geography. Along its route it flows over numerous rugged [[limestone]] escarpments as it winds eastward, passing along the south side of the ranch of President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/lyjo/planyourvisit/upload/Locator2008-nobus.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-11-17 |archive-date=2017-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215214111/https://www.nps.gov/lyjo/planyourvisit/upload/Locator2008-nobus.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> who grew up in nearby [[Stonewall, Texas|Stonewall]], south of the river.
 In 1750, [[Fray Benito Fernández de Santa Ana]] proposed a plan to the [[Spain|Spanish]] government that a mission be established among the [[Lipan Apache people|Lipan Apache]] who lived along the river. In 1789, the river was the site of a skirmish between Colonel [[Francisco Xavier Ugalde]] and a group of Lipan and [[Mescalero]] Indians. The first permanent white settlement along the river was in 1846, when the town of Fredericksburg was established by [[Germany|German]] immigrants. The threat of raids from Apaches restricted settlement in the area until the 1880s.
 [[Pedernales Falls State Park]] is located along the river in Blanco County east of Johnson City. Like many rivers in central Texas, it is prone to variable water levels. A sign at the state park shows a relatively tranquil river in one picture and a raging wall of muddy water in the next picture, said to be taken only five minutes after the first. The speed at which [[flash floods]] can arise along this river has resulted in several deaths at the park, and warning sirens have been installed in the park and elsewhere along the river. The lower river is a popular destination for [[whitewater rafting]] during the high-water season.
+{{wide image|Pedernales River (2017).jpg|1000 px|Pedernales River in [[Pedernales Falls State Park]]}}
 ==See also==

v t e Waters of Texas
Bays and estuaries of the Gulf of Mexico	Alazan Bay Aransas Bay Baffin Bay Carancahua Bay Christmas Bay Copano Bay Corpus Christi Bay Dickinson Bay East Bay East Matagorda Bay Espiritu Santo Bay Galveston Bay Guadalupe Bay Laguna Madre Lavaca Bay Matagorda Bay Nueces Bay Oso Bay Redfish Bay Sabine Lake San Antonio Bay South Bay St. Charles Bay Tres Palacios Bay Trinity Bay West Bay
Channels and canals	Acequia Madre de Valero American Canal Aransas Pass Bolivar Roads Brazos Santiago Pass Cedar Bayou Franklin Canal Gulf Intracoastal Waterway Houston Ship Channel Matagorda Ship Channel Pass Cavallo Port Mansfield Channel Riverside Canal Sabine Pass Sabine–Neches Waterway San Luis Pass
Lakes and reservoirs	Amistad Reservoir Caddo Lake Canyon Lake Cedar Creek Reservoir Choke Canyon Reservoir Falcon International Reservoir Inks Lake Lady Bird Lake Lavon Lake Lake Austin Lake Bardwell Lake Buchanan Lake Conroe Lake Corpus Christi Lake Ray Hubbard Lake Ray Roberts Lake LBJ Lake Livingston Lake Marble Falls Lake Meredith Lake Tawakoni Lake Texoma Lake Travis Lewisville Lake Richland-Chambers Reservoir Sam Rayburn Reservoir Toledo Bend Reservoir
Rivers	Angelina River Blanco River Bosque River Brazos River Buffalo Bayou Colorado River Concho River Canadian River Guadalupe River James River Lampasas River Lavaca River Leon River Little River Llano River Navidad River Neches River Nolan River Nueces River Frio River Paluxy River Pease River Pedernales River Prairie Dog Town Fork Red River Red River Rio Grande Devils River Pecos River Sabine River San Antonio River Medina River San Bernard River San Gabriel River San Jacinto River San Marcos River San Saba River Sulphur River Trinity River Wichita River White River
Wetlands	Big Cypress Bayou Cow Bayou Ottine wetlands Rincon Bayou Rio Grande Valley