Action at Lanark: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
Bluelinking 1 books for verifiability.) #IABot (v2.1alpha3 |
mNo edit summary Tags: Visual edit Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
||
| (17 intermediate revisions by 15 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Short description|13th-century battle in Scotland}} |
|||
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}} |
||
{{Infobox military conflict |
{{Infobox military conflict |
||
|conflict=Action at Lanark |
| conflict = Action at Lanark |
||
|partof=the [[First War of Scottish Independence]] |
| partof = the [[First War of Scottish Independence]] |
||
|date= May 1297 |
| date = May 1297 |
||
|place=[[Lanark]] |
| place = [[Lanark]] |
||
|result=Scottish victory |
| result = Scottish victory |
||
|combatant1= {{ |
| combatant1 = {{Coat of arms|Kingdom of Scotland}} |
||
|combatant2= {{ |
| combatant2 = {{Coat of arms|Kingdom of England}} |
||
|commander1= [[William Wallace]] |
| commander1 = [[file:WallaceSeal.png|20px]] [[William Wallace]] |
||
|commander2= William |
| commander2 = William Heselrig{{KIA}} |
||
|strength1=unknown |
| strength1 = unknown |
||
|strength2=unknown |
| strength2 = unknown |
||
|casualties1 |
| casualties1 = unknown |
||
|casualties2=unknown |
| casualties2 = unknown |
||
}} |
}} |
||
{{Campaignbox First War of Scottish Independence}} |
{{Campaignbox First War of Scottish Independence}} |
||
The ''' |
The '''action at Lanark''' was an attack at [[Lanark]], [[Scotland]] during the [[First War of Scottish Independence]] in May 1297. The Scotsman [[William Wallace]] led an uprising against the English and killed the [[Sheriff of Lanark]], William Heselrig. The attack was not an isolated incident, but rather saw Wallace joining in with uprisings taking place across Scotland.<ref>[[John Prebble]] ''The Lion in the North''</ref> |
||
Not much is |
Not much is definitively known about this incident. The best account comes from the ''[[Scalacronica]]'' by [[Thomas Grey (chronicler)|Thomas Grey]], whose father, also called [[Thomas Grey (of Heaton)|Thomas Grey]], was present. A fracas broke out at a court being held by Heselrig, but Wallace was able to escape with help from an individual named Innes who may have been his wife.<ref name=maclean>{{cite book|last1=Maclean|first1=Fitzroy|title=Scotland A Concise History|date=2003|publisher=Thames & Hudson, LTD|location=London|isbn=0-500-28233-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/scotlandconciseh00macl/page/37 37]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/scotlandconciseh00macl/page/37}}</ref> He then came back with some supporters and attacked Heselrig and his men, killed Heselrig, nearly killed Thomas Grey senior, and set fire to some houses. Wallace then continued with his rebellion, which culminated in his victory at the [[Battle of Stirling Bridge]] four months later. |
||
It is unclear what Wallace was doing at Heselrig's court, and whether this was a spontaneous incident or if it was co-ordinated with other risings in Scotland.<ref name=maclean/><ref>Peter Traquair ''Freedom's Sword''</ref> |
It is unclear what Wallace was doing at Heselrig's court, and whether this was a spontaneous incident or if it was co-ordinated with other risings in Scotland.<ref name=maclean/><ref>Peter Traquair ''Freedom's Sword''</ref> |
||
According to the 15th century poem [[The Wallace (poem)|The Wallace]], written by [[Blind Harry]], Wallace carried out the attack in revenge for the killing of his beloved wife by Heselrig.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wallace.scran.ac.uk/man_and_myth/|title=Wallace: Man and Myth |
According to the 15th century poem [[The Wallace (poem)|The Wallace]], written by [[Blind Harry]], Wallace carried out the attack in revenge for the killing of his beloved wife by Heselrig.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wallace.scran.ac.uk/man_and_myth/|title=Wallace: Man and Myth|website=wallace.scran.ac.uk|access-date=2019-10-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://d.lib.rochester.edu/teams/text/mckim-wallace-introduction|title=The Wallace: Introduction {{!}} Robbins Library Digital Projects|website=d.lib.rochester.edu|access-date=2019-10-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scotsman.com/lifestyle-2-15039/william-wallace-myths-busted-1-3908858|title=William Wallace myths busted|website=www.scotsman.com|language=en|access-date=2019-10-19}}</ref> The identity of Wallace's wife is not known for certain, but her name is believed to be Marion Braidfute. Harry also claims that Wallace dismembered Heselrig's body. Wallace biographer Ed Archer published his findings in 2005 that disputed the existence of Marion Braidfute, as there had been no mention of her prior to a revised rendition of Blind Harry's poem in 1570, believed by Archer to have been commissioned by the Baillies of Lamington, to gain favor with [[Mary, Queen of Scots]] by claiming relation to Wallace through their Braidfute lineage.<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/wallaces-dead-wife-was-fictional-ljxrbr6lk60 | title = Wallace's dead wife was fictional | date = May 9, 2005 | newspaper = [[The Times]] | access-date = July 28, 2022}}</ref> |
||
Fictionalised versions of this incident have appeared in various accounts of |
Fictionalised versions of this incident have appeared in various accounts of Wallace's life, notably in the 1995 film ''[[Braveheart]],'' in which his wife was called Murron MacClannough, and her execution preceded the battle. |
||
==References== |
==References== |
||
Latest revision as of 10:13, 2 February 2023
| Action at Lanark | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the First War of Scottish Independence | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Kingdom of Scotland |
 Kingdom of England | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
 William Wallace | William Heselrig † | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| unknown | unknown | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| unknown | unknown | ||||||
The action at Lanark was an attack at Lanark, Scotland during the First War of Scottish Independence in May 1297. The Scotsman William Wallace led an uprising against the English and killed the Sheriff of Lanark, William Heselrig. The attack was not an isolated incident, but rather saw Wallace joining in with uprisings taking place across Scotland.[1]
Not much is definitively known about this incident. The best account comes from the Scalacronica by Thomas Grey, whose father, also called Thomas Grey, was present. A fracas broke out at a court being held by Heselrig, but Wallace was able to escape with help from an individual named Innes who may have been his wife.[2] He then came back with some supporters and attacked Heselrig and his men, killed Heselrig, nearly killed Thomas Grey senior, and set fire to some houses. Wallace then continued with his rebellion, which culminated in his victory at the Battle of Stirling Bridge four months later.
It is unclear what Wallace was doing at Heselrig's court, and whether this was a spontaneous incident or if it was co-ordinated with other risings in Scotland.[2][3]
According to the 15th century poem The Wallace, written by Blind Harry, Wallace carried out the attack in revenge for the killing of his beloved wife by Heselrig.[4][5][6] The identity of Wallace's wife is not known for certain, but her name is believed to be Marion Braidfute. Harry also claims that Wallace dismembered Heselrig's body. Wallace biographer Ed Archer published his findings in 2005 that disputed the existence of Marion Braidfute, as there had been no mention of her prior to a revised rendition of Blind Harry's poem in 1570, believed by Archer to have been commissioned by the Baillies of Lamington, to gain favor with Mary, Queen of Scots by claiming relation to Wallace through their Braidfute lineage.[7]
Fictionalised versions of this incident have appeared in various accounts of Wallace's life, notably in the 1995 film Braveheart, in which his wife was called Murron MacClannough, and her execution preceded the battle.
References
[edit]- ^ John Prebble The Lion in the North
- ^ a b Maclean, Fitzroy (2003). Scotland A Concise History. London: Thames & Hudson, LTD. p. 37. ISBN 0-500-28233-1.
- ^ Peter Traquair Freedom's Sword
- ^ "Wallace: Man and Myth". wallace.scran.ac.uk. Retrieved 19 October 2019.
- ^ "The Wallace: Introduction | Robbins Library Digital Projects". d.lib.rochester.edu. Retrieved 19 October 2019.
- ^ "William Wallace myths busted". www.scotsman.com. Retrieved 19 October 2019.
- ^ "Wallace's dead wife was fictional". The Times. 9 May 2005. Retrieved 28 July 2022.