Plebejus: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Butterfly genus in family Lycaenidae}} |
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{{Automatic_taxobox |
{{Automatic_taxobox |
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| image = |
| image = Plebeius argus 04.JPG |
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| image_caption = ''[[Plebejus argus]]'' |
| image_caption = ''[[Plebejus argus]]'' |
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| display_parents = 3 |
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| taxon = Plebejus |
| taxon = Plebejus |
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| authority = [[Jan Krzysztof Kluk|Kluk]], 1780 |
| authority = [[Jan Krzysztof Kluk|Kluk]], 1780 |
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| synonyms_ref = <ref name=funet/> |
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| synonyms = |
| synonyms = |
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*'' |
*''Lycaeides'' <small>Hübner, [1819]</small> |
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*''Aricia'' |
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*''Eumedonia'' <small>Forster, 1938</small> |
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*''Farsia'' <small>Zhdanko, 1992</small> (''non'' <small>Amsel 1961</small> [[Farsia (moth)|preoccupied]]) |
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*''Gymnomorphia'' <small>Verity, 1929</small> |
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*''Lycoena'' <small>Nicholl, 1901</small> |
*''Lycoena'' <small>Nicholl, 1901</small> |
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*''Maurus'' <small>Bálint, 1991</small> |
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*''Plebeius'' <small>Kluk, 1780</small> (''[[lapsus]]'') |
*''Plebeius'' <small>Kluk, 1780</small> (''[[lapsus]]'') |
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*''Plebejides'' <small>Sauter, 1968</small> |
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*''Plebulina'' <small>Nabokov, 1945</small> |
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*''Pseudoaricia'' <small>Beuret, 1959</small> |
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*''Rusticus'' <small>Hübner, 1806</small> (suppressed<!-- ICZN op. 97 -->) |
*''Rusticus'' <small>Hübner, 1806</small> (suppressed<!-- ICZN op. 97 -->) |
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*''Ultraaricia'' <small>Beuret, 1959</small> |
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and see text |
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}} |
}} |
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'''''Plebejus''''' is a [[genus]] of [[butterflies]] in the family [[Lycaenidae]]. |
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'''''Plebejus''''' (also spelled '''''Plebeius''''') is a genus of [[butterfly]] in the family [[Lycaenidae]]. Many genera formerly considered independent are at least tentatively included here nowadays, and some others—''[[Agriades]]'', ''[[Albulina]]'', ''[[Icaricia]]'', ''[[Aricia (genus)|Aricia]]'', and ''[[Lycaeides]]''—may belong herein too. The species of this genus are found in the [[Palearctic realm|Palearctic]] and [[Nearctic realm|Nearctic]] realms. |
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Its species are found in the [[Palearctic realm|Palearctic]] and [[Nearctic realm|Nearctic]] realms. |
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==Taxonomy== |
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As a result of studies of [[molecular phylogenetics]], numerous species that were included in ''Plebejus'' by some authors at the beginning of the 21st century have now been moved to separate genera again. These species may be found in ''[[Afarsia]]'', ''[[Alpherakya]]'', ''[[Agriades]]'', ''[[Aricia (butterfly)|Aricia]]'', ''[[Eumedonia]]'', ''[[Icaricia]]'', ''[[Kretania]]'', ''[[Maurus (butterfly)|Maurus]]'', ''[[Pamiria]]'', ''[[Patricius (butterfly)|Patricius]]'', ''[[Plebejidea]]'', ''[[Plebulina]]'', and ''[[Rueckbeilia]]''. |
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* '''''ardis''''' group: |
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==Species== |
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| ⚫ | [[Species]] include:<ref name=funet>{{cite web |last=Savela |first=Markku |url=https://www.nic.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/lycaenidae/polyommatinae/plebejus/ |title=''Plebejus'' Kluk, 1780 |website=Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms |accessdate=August 10, 2019}}</ref> |
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** ''[[Plebejus kwaja]]'' <small>(Evans, 1932)</small> |
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The ''ardis'' species-group: |
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* ''[[Plebejus eversmanni]]'' <small>(Lang, 1884)</small> Kopet-Dagh, Ghissar, Darvaz, Pamirs-Alai, Tian-Shan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan |
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* ''[[Plebejus baroghila]]'' <small>(Tytler, 1926)</small> Himalayas |
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* ''[[Plebejus firuskuhi]]'' <small>(Forster, 1940)</small> Afghanistan |
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* ''[[Plebejus kwaja]]'' <small>(Evans, 1932)</small> Baluchistan |
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* '''''idas''''' group: |
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The ''argus'' species-group: |
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* ''[[Plebejus aegidion]]'' <small>(Gerhard, 1851)</small> Central Asia |
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* ''[[Plebejus argus]]'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> – silver-studded blue |
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** ''[[Plebejus balder]]'' <small>(Hemming, 1934)</small> |
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The ''idas'' species-group (a.k.a. subgenus ''Lycaeides''): |
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** ''[[Plebejus bellieri]]'' <small>(Oberthür, 1910)</small> |
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* ''[[Plebejus agnata]]'' <small>(Rühl, 1895)</small> |
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* ''[[Plebejus argyrognomon]]'' <small>(Bergsträsser, [1779])</small> – Reverdin's blue |
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* ''[[Plebejus pseudaegon]]'' <small>(Butler, [1882])</small> Ussuri, North China, North Korea, Japan |
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* ''[[Plebejus sinica]]'' <small>(Forster, 1936)</small> Sichuan |
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* ''[[Plebejus maracandica]]'' <small>(Erschoff, 1874)</small> Russia, Transbaikalia, Yakutia, Magadan. Mongolia, Kamchatka |
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* ''[[Plebejus caspica]]'' <small>(Forster, 1936)</small> South Urals |
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* ''[[Plebejus lepidus]]'' <small>Zhdanko, 2000</small> Kazakhstan |
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* ''[[Plebejus uiguricus]]'' <small>Zhdanko, 2000</small> ltai, Saur, Tarbagatai Mts., Dzhungarsky Alatau |
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* ''[[Plebejus mongolicus]]'' <small>Rühl, [1893]</small> Transbaikalia, Amur, Mongolia |
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* ''[[Plebejus baldur]]'' <small>(Hemming, 1934)</small> Kurdistan, Levant |
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* ''[[Plebejus bellieri]]'' <small>(Oberthür, 1910)</small> Corsica |
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* ''[[Plebejus argiva]]'' <small>(Staudinger, 1886)</small> Kazakhstan, Alai |
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* ''[[Plebejus christophi]]'' <small>(Staudinger, 1874)</small> – small jewel blue |
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* ''[[Plebejus anikini]]'' <small>Yakovlev, 2012</small> Mongolia |
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* ''[[Plebejus germani]]'' <small>Yakovlev, 2012</small> Mongolia |
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* ''[[Plebejus roxane]]'' <small>(Grum-Grshimailo, 1887)</small> Tajikistan, Afghanistan |
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* ''[[Plebejus idas]]'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1761)</small> – Idas blue or northern blue |
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* ''[[Plebejus ganssuensis]]'' <small>(Grum-Grshimailo, 1891)</small> Kuku-Noor, China |
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* '''''lucifera''''' group: |
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* ''[[Plebejus calliopis]]'' <small>(Boisduval, 1832)</small> Alps, boreal Europe and Transcaucasia to Russian Far East and Kamchatka |
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* ''[[Plebejus anna]]'' <small>(Edwards, 1861)</small> – Anna's blue |
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* '''''pylaon''''' group: |
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* ''[[Plebejus fridayi]]'' <small>(Chermock, 1945)</small> Oregon |
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* ''[[Plebejus nevadensis]]'' <small>(Oberthür, 1910)</small> Iberia |
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* ''[[Plebejus tomyris]]'' <small>(Grum-Grshimailo, 1890)</small> Amur |
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* ''[[Plebejus samudra]]'' <small>(Moore, [1875])</small> Northwest India, Hindu Kush |
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* ''[[Plebejus rogneda]]'' <small>(Grum-Grshimailo, 1890)</small> Kashgar, Darvaz, Pamirs, Transalai |
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* ''[[Plebejus subsolanus]]'' <small>(Eversmann, 1851)</small> Transbaikalia, Amur, Ussuri, Mongolia, Korea, Japan. |
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* ''[[Plebejus iburiensis]]'' <small>(Butler, [1882])</small> Japan |
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* ''[[Plebejus cleobis]]'' <small>(Bremer, 1861)</small> Siberia, Altai, Transbaikalia, Russian Far East, Amur, Ussuri, Japan |
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** ''[[Plebejus pylaon]]'' <small>(Fischer de Waldheim, 1832)</small> – zephyr blue |
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Ungrouped: |
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** ''[[Plebejus sephirus]]'' <small>(Frivaldszky, 1835)</small> |
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* ''[[Plebejus sharga]]'' <small>Churkin, 2004</small> Mongolia |
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* ''[[Plebejus shuroabadica]]'' <small>(Shchetkin, 1963)</small> Tajikistan |
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* ''[[Plebejus dzhizaki]]'' <small>Zhdanko, 2000</small> Uzbekistan |
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* '''''sarta''''' group: |
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* ''[[Plebejus noah]]'' <small>(Herz, 1900)</small> Turan |
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* ''[[Plebejus qinghaiensis]]'' <small>(Murayama, 1992)</small> |
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* ''[[Plebejus hishikawai]]'' <small>(Yoshino, 2003)</small> Tibet |
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* ''[[Plebejus callaghani]]'' <small>Carbonell & Naderi, 2007</small> Iran |
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* '''''eurypilus''''' group: |
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* ''[[Plebejus fyodor]]'' <small>Hsu, Bálint & Johnson, 2000</small> |
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* ''[[Plebejus maidantagi]]'' <small>Zhdanko & Churkin, 2001</small> |
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* ''[[Plebejus tillo]]'' <small>Zhdanko & Churkin, 2001</small> |
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* ''[[Plebejus churkini]]'' <small>Zhdanko, 2001</small> Tian-Shan |
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* ''[[Plebejus exterius]]'' <small>Zhdanko, 2001</small> Tian-Shan |
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* ungrouped: |
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* ''[[Plebejus mellarius]]'' <small>Churkin & Zhdanko, 2008</small> Kyrgyzstan |
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* ''[[Plebejus arpa]]'' <small>(Churkin & Pletnev, 2012)</small> Kyrgyzstan |
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* ''[[Plebejus aleremiticus]]'' <small>(Churkin & Pletnev, 2012)</small> Tajikistan |
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** ''[[Plebejus dzhizaki]]'' <small>Zhdanko, 2000</small> |
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** ''[[Plebejus eumedon]]'' <small>Esper, 1780</small> – geranium argus |
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** ''[[Plebejus hishikawai]]'' <small>(Yoshino, 2003)</small> |
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** ''[[Plebejus neurona]]'' <small>(Skinner, 1902)</small> – veined blue |
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** ''[[Plebejus nicias]]'' <small>Meigen, 1830</small> – silvery argus |
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** ''[[Plebejus noah]]'' <small>(Herz, 1900)</small> |
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** ''[[Plebejus optilete]]'' <small>Knoch, 1781</small> – cranberry blue |
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** ''[[Plebejus qinghaiensis]]'' <small>(Murayama)</small> |
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** ''[[Plebejus shuroabadicus]]'' <small>Shchetkin, 1963</small> |
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* moved to genus ''[[Agriades]]'' |
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** ''[[Agriades cassiope]]'' <small>(J. Emmel & T. Emmel, 1998)</small> – heather blue |
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** ''[[Agriades glandon]]'' <small>(de Prunner, 1798)</small> – Arctic blue |
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** ''[[Agriades podarce]]'' – Sierra Nevada blue |
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* moved to genus ''[[Aricia (genus)|Aricia]]'' |
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** ''[[Aricia icarioides]]'' <small>(Boisduval, 1852)</small> – Boisduval's blue |
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** ''[[Aricia lupini]]'' <small>(Boisduval, 1869)</small> – lupine blue |
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** ''[[Aricia saepiolus]]'' <small>(Boisduval, 1852)</small> – greenish blue |
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** ''[[Aricia shasta]]'' <small>(Edwards, 1862)</small> – Shasta blue |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Wikispecies}} |
{{Wikispecies}} |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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==Further reading== |
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*French Wikipedia has a longer list of species and subspecies at [[:fr:Plebejus|''Plebejus'']]. |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q1237311}} |
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1237311}} |
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[[Category:Polyommatinae]] |
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[[Category:Plebejus| ]] |
[[Category:Plebejus| ]] |
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[[Category:Lycaenidae genera]] |
[[Category:Lycaenidae genera]] |
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[[Category:Taxa named by Jan Krzysztof Kluk]] |
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Latest revision as of 10:16, 4 October 2023
| Plebejus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Plebejus argus | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Lycaenidae |
| Subfamily: | Polyommatinae |
| Tribe: | Polyommatini |
| Genus: | Plebejus Kluk, 1780 |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Plebejus is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. Its species are found in the Palearctic and Nearctic realms.
Taxonomy
[edit]As a result of studies of molecular phylogenetics, numerous species that were included in Plebejus by some authors at the beginning of the 21st century have now been moved to separate genera again. These species may be found in Afarsia, Alpherakya, Agriades, Aricia, Eumedonia, Icaricia, Kretania, Maurus, Pamiria, Patricius, Plebejidea, Plebulina, and Rueckbeilia.
Species
[edit]The ardis species-group:
- Plebejus eversmanni (Lang, 1884) Kopet-Dagh, Ghissar, Darvaz, Pamirs-Alai, Tian-Shan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan
- Plebejus baroghila (Tytler, 1926) Himalayas
- Plebejus firuskuhi (Forster, 1940) Afghanistan
- Plebejus kwaja (Evans, 1932) Baluchistan
The argus species-group:
- Plebejus aegidion (Gerhard, 1851) Central Asia
- Plebejus argus (Linnaeus, 1758) – silver-studded blue
The idas species-group (a.k.a. subgenus Lycaeides):
- Plebejus agnata (Rühl, 1895)
- Plebejus argyrognomon (Bergsträsser, [1779]) – Reverdin's blue
- Plebejus pseudaegon (Butler, [1882]) Ussuri, North China, North Korea, Japan
- Plebejus sinica (Forster, 1936) Sichuan
- Plebejus maracandica (Erschoff, 1874) Russia, Transbaikalia, Yakutia, Magadan. Mongolia, Kamchatka
- Plebejus caspica (Forster, 1936) South Urals
- Plebejus lepidus Zhdanko, 2000 Kazakhstan
- Plebejus uiguricus Zhdanko, 2000 ltai, Saur, Tarbagatai Mts., Dzhungarsky Alatau
- Plebejus mongolicus Rühl, [1893] Transbaikalia, Amur, Mongolia
- Plebejus baldur (Hemming, 1934) Kurdistan, Levant
- Plebejus bellieri (Oberthür, 1910) Corsica
- Plebejus argiva (Staudinger, 1886) Kazakhstan, Alai
- Plebejus christophi (Staudinger, 1874) – small jewel blue
- Plebejus anikini Yakovlev, 2012 Mongolia
- Plebejus germani Yakovlev, 2012 Mongolia
- Plebejus roxane (Grum-Grshimailo, 1887) Tajikistan, Afghanistan
- Plebejus idas (Linnaeus, 1761) – Idas blue or northern blue
- Plebejus ganssuensis (Grum-Grshimailo, 1891) Kuku-Noor, China
- Plebejus nushibi Zhdanko, 2000 Kazakhstan
- Plebejus calliopis (Boisduval, 1832) Alps, boreal Europe and Transcaucasia to Russian Far East and Kamchatka
- Plebejus anna (Edwards, 1861) – Anna's blue
- Plebejus melissa (Edwards, 1873) – Melissa blue or orange-bordered blue
- Plebejus fridayi (Chermock, 1945) Oregon
- Plebejus nevadensis (Oberthür, 1910) Iberia
- Plebejus tomyris (Grum-Grshimailo, 1890) Amur
- Plebejus samudra (Moore, [1875]) Northwest India, Hindu Kush
- Plebejus rogneda (Grum-Grshimailo, 1890) Kashgar, Darvaz, Pamirs, Transalai
- Plebejus subsolanus (Eversmann, 1851) Transbaikalia, Amur, Ussuri, Mongolia, Korea, Japan.
- Plebejus iburiensis (Butler, [1882]) Japan
- Plebejus cleobis (Bremer, 1861) Siberia, Altai, Transbaikalia, Russian Far East, Amur, Ussuri, Japan
Ungrouped:
- Plebejus sharga Churkin, 2004 Mongolia
- Plebejus shuroabadica (Shchetkin, 1963) Tajikistan
- Plebejus dzhizaki Zhdanko, 2000 Uzbekistan
- Plebejus bergi Kusnezov, 1908 Kazakhstan
- Plebejus noah (Herz, 1900) Turan
- Plebejus qinghaiensis (Murayama, 1992)
- Plebejus hishikawai (Yoshino, 2003) Tibet
- Plebejus callaghani Carbonell & Naderi, 2007 Iran
- Plebejus choltagi (Zhdanko & Churkin, 2001)
- Plebejus fyodor Hsu, Bálint & Johnson, 2000
- Plebejus maidantagi Zhdanko & Churkin, 2001
- Plebejus tillo Zhdanko & Churkin, 2001
- Plebejus churkini Zhdanko, 2001 Tian-Shan
- Plebejus exterius Zhdanko, 2001 Tian-Shan
- Plebejus zhdankoi Churkin, 2002 Tian-Shan
- Plebejus mellarius Churkin & Zhdanko, 2008 Kyrgyzstan
- Plebejus arpa (Churkin & Pletnev, 2012) Kyrgyzstan
- Plebejus aleremiticus (Churkin & Pletnev, 2012) Tajikistan
References
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Plebejus.
Wikispecies has information related to Plebejus.
- ^ a b Savela, Markku. "Plebejus Kluk, 1780". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved August 10, 2019.