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{{Short description|Genus of amphibians}}
{{redirect|Foam-nest frog|other frogs that make foam nests|Bubble-nest frog}}
{{Redirect|Foam-nest frog|other frogs that make foam nests|Bubble-nest frog}}
{{automatic taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Rufous Foam-nest Tree Frog (Chiromantis rufescens).jpg
| image = Rufous Foam-nest Tree Frog (Chiromantis rufescens).jpg
| image_caption = ''[[Chiromantis rufescens]]''
| image_caption = ''[[Chiromantis rufescens]]''
| taxon = Chiromantis
| taxon = Chiromantis
| authority = [[Wilhelm Peters|Peters]], 1854
| authority = [[Wilhelm Peters|Peters]], 1854
⚫
| type_species = ''[[Chiromantis xerampelina]]''
| synonyms = ''Chirixalus'' <small>Boulenger, 1893</small>
| type_species_authority = Peters, 1854
⚫
| type_species = ''[[Chiromantis xerampelina]]'' <small>Peters, 1854</small>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = 4 species (see [[#Species|text]])
| subdivision =
See text.
}}
}}

'''''Chiromantis''''' (commonly known as the '''foam-nest frog''' or '''foam-nest tree frog''') is a genus of [[frog]]s in the family [[Rhacophoridae]]. It contains species from the [[Sub-Saharan Africa]]n tropics as well as from South and East [[Asia]] (northeastern India, Bangladesh, China, Mainland Southeast Asia, and Borneo).<ref name=frost/> The Asian species were formerly assigned to ''[[Chirixalus]]'', but this taxon was shown to be [[paraphyletic]] with respect to African ''Chiromantis''. Consequently, ''Chirixalus'' were included in ''Chiromantis''. [[Monophyly]] of ''Chiromantis'' also required erecting a new genus ''[[Feihyla]]'' for ''[[Feihyla palpebralis|"Chirixalus palpebralis"]]''.<ref name=frost/><ref name=LiEtAl>{{Cite journal | last = Li| first = Jiatang|author2=Dingqi Rao |author3=Robert W. Murphy |author4=Yaping Zhang | year = 2011| title = The systematic status of rhacophorid frogs| journal = Asian Herpetological Research| volume = 2| pages = 1–11| doi = 10.3724/SP.J.1245.2011.00001 |url=http://210.75.237.14/bitstream/351003/23370/1/2011e0121z.pdf}}</ref>
'''''Chiromantis''''' is a genus of [[frog]]s in the family [[Rhacophoridae]], commonly known as '''foam-nest frogs''' or '''foam-nest tree frogs'''.<ref name=Frost/> It contains species from the [[Sub-Saharan Africa]]n tropics.<ref name=Frost/><ref name="Chen et al. 2020"/> Following the molecular genetic study by Chen and colleagues (2020),<ref name="Chen et al. 2020"/> the Asian species formerly assigned to ''Chiromantis'' have now been reclassified to the resurrected genus ''[[Chirixalus]]''.<ref name=Frost/>


==Description==
==Description==
''Chiromantis'' lay their eggs in terrestrial foam nests.<ref name="Chen et al. 2020"/>
The current delineation of ''Chiromantis'' is based on [[molecular phylogenetics]], and there is no morphological character that defines genus. They are moderately large frogs with a snout-vent length of {{convert|35|-|80|mm|abbr=on}}. They lay their eggs in foam nests.<ref name=LiEtAl/>


==Species==
==Species==
The following species are recognised in the genus ''Chiromantis'':<ref name=Frost/>
⚫
There are currently 18 species placed in this genus:<ref name=frost>{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Rhacophoridae/Rhacophorinae/Chiromantis |title=''Chiromantis'' Peters, 1854 |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2015 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |accessdate=14 November 2015}}</ref>
{{columns-list|colwidth=25em|
* ''[[Chiromantis baladika]]'' <small>Riyanto and Kurniati, 2014</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis cherrapunjiae]]'' <small>(Roonwal and Kripalani, 1966)</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis doriae]]'' <small>(Boulenger, 1893)</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis dudhwaensis]]'' <small>(Ray, 1992)</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis inexpectatus]]'' <small>Matsui, Shimada, and Sudin, 2014</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis kelleri]]'' <small>Boettger, 1893</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis kelleri]]'' <small>Boettger, 1893</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis marginis]]'' <small>Chan, Grismer, Anuar, Quah, Grismer, Wood, Muin, and Ahmad, 2011</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis nauli]]'' <small>Riyanto and Kurniati, 2014</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis nongkhorensis]]'' <small>(Cochran, 1927)</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis petersii]]'' <small>Boulenger, 1882</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis petersii]]'' <small>Boulenger, 1882</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis punctatus]]'' <small>(Wilkinson, Win, Thin, Lwin, Shein, and Tun, 2003)</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis rufescens]]'' <small>(Günther, 1869)</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis rufescens]]'' <small>(Günther, 1869)</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis samkosensis]]'' <small>Grismer, Neang, Chav, and Holden, 2007</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis senapatiensis]]'' <small>(Mathew and Sen, 2009)</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis shyamrupus]]'' <small>(Chanda and Ghosh, 1989)</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis simus]]'' <small>(Annandale, 1915)</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis trilaksonoi]]'' <small>Riyanto and Kurniati, 2014</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis xerampelina]]'' <small>Peters, 1854</small>
* ''[[Chiromantis xerampelina]]'' <small>Peters, 1854</small>
⚫
}}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
{{reflist}}
<ref name="Chen et al. 2020">{{cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Jin-Min |last2=Prendini |first2=Elizabeth |last3=Wu |first3=Yun-He |last4=Zhang |first4=Bao-Lin |last5=Suwannapoom |first5=Chatmongkon |last6=Chen |first6=Hong-Man |last7=Jin |first7=Jie-Qiong |last8=Lemmon |first8=Emily Moriarty |last9=Lemmon |first9=Alan R. |last10=Stuart |first10=Bryan L. |last11=Raxworthy |first11=Christopher J. |last12=Murphy |first12=Robert W. |last13=Yuan |first13=Zhi-Yong |last14=Che |first14=Jing |name-list-style=amp |title=An integrative phylogenomic approach illuminates the evolutionary history of Old World tree frogs (Anura: Rhacophoridae) |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |date=April 2020 |volume=145 |pages=106724 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106724|pmid=31881327 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

⚫
<ref name=Frost>{{cite web |url=https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura/Rhacophoridae/Rhacophorinae/Chiromantis |title=''Chiromantis'' Peters, 1854 |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2020 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |doi=10.5531/db.vz.0001 |access-date=16 May 2020}}</ref>
⚫
}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{wikispecies-inline}}
*{{Wikispecies-inline}}
*[http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?where-genre=Animal&query_src=photos_fauna_index&rel-taxon=contains&where-taxon=chiromantis&rel-namesoup=like&where-namesoup=&where-lifeform=any&where-collectn=any&where-photographer=any&rel-location=like&where-location=&where-continent=any&where-country=any&where-state=any&rel-kwid=equals&where-kwid= Chiromantis] at CalPhotos
*[http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?where-genre=Animal&query_src=photos_fauna_index&rel-taxon=contains&where-taxon=chiromantis&rel-namesoup=like&where-namesoup=&where-lifeform=any&where-collectn=any&where-photographer=any&rel-location=like&where-location=&where-continent=any&where-country=any&where-state=any&rel-kwid=equals&where-kwid= Chiromantis] at CalPhotos


{{Taxonbar|from=Q783349}}
[[Category:Rhacophoridae]]
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Chiromantis| ]]
[[Category:Chiromantis| ]]
[[Category:Amphibians of Sub-Saharan Africa]]
[[Category:Rhacophoridae]]
⚫
[[Category:Amphibians of Asia]]
[[Category:Amphibian genera]]
[[Category:Amphibian genera]]
⚫
[[Category:Amphibians of Sub-Saharan Africa]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Wilhelm Peters]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Wilhelm Peters]]

Latest revision as of 02:12, 14 October 2023

"Foam-nest frog" redirects here. For other frogs that make foam nests, see Bubble-nest frog.

Chiromantis
Chiromantis rufescens
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Rhacophoridae
Subfamily: Rhacophorinae
Genus: Chiromantis
Peters, 1854
Type species
Chiromantis xerampelina
Peters, 1854
Species

4 species (see text)

Chiromantis is a genus of frogs in the family Rhacophoridae, commonly known as foam-nest frogs or foam-nest tree frogs.[1] It contains species from the Sub-Saharan African tropics.[1][2] Following the molecular genetic study by Chen and colleagues (2020),[2] the Asian species formerly assigned to Chiromantis have now been reclassified to the resurrected genus Chirixalus.[1]

Description

[edit]

Chiromantis lay their eggs in terrestrial foam nests.[2]

Species

[edit]

The following species are recognised in the genus Chiromantis:[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Frost, Darrel R. (2020). "Chiromantis Peters, 1854". Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001. Retrieved 16 May 2020.
  2. ^ a b c Chen, Jin-Min; Prendini, Elizabeth; Wu, Yun-He; Zhang, Bao-Lin; Suwannapoom, Chatmongkon; Chen, Hong-Man; Jin, Jie-Qiong; Lemmon, Emily Moriarty; Lemmon, Alan R.; Stuart, Bryan L.; Raxworthy, Christopher J.; Murphy, Robert W.; Yuan, Zhi-Yong & Che, Jing (April 2020). "An integrative phylogenomic approach illuminates the evolutionary history of Old World tree frogs (Anura: Rhacophoridae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 145: 106724. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106724. PMID 31881327.
[edit]
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