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| founder = Allan Crawford
| founder = [[Alan Crawford (businessman)|Alan Crawford]]
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Carnival Records was an English based record label run by Australian businessman [[Alan Crawford (buisinessman)|Alan Crawford]]. It released mainly reggae and ska recordings from 1963 to 1965. Artists who have had releases on the label include [[The African Messengers]], [[Errol Dixon]], [[Mike Elliott (saxophonist)|Mike Elliott]], [[Oscar James]], [[Dandy Livingstone]], [[Sugar 'N' Dandy]], Sunny And The Hi-Jumpers and [[The Wes Minster Five]]
Carnival Records was an English based record label run by Australian businessman [[Alan Crawford (buisinessman)|Alan Crawford]]. It released mainly reggae and ska recordings from 1963 to 1965. Artists who have had releases on the label include [[The African Messengers]], [[Errol Dixon]], [[Mike Elliott (saxophonist)|Mike Elliott]], [[Oscar James]], [[Dandy Livingstone]], [[Sugar N Dandy|Sugar 'N' Dandy]], Sunny And The Hi-Jumpers and [[The Wes Minster Five]]
==Background==
==Background==
Carnival Records was owned by Allan Crawford an ex-pat Australian living in London. He had worked for one one the largest music publishers around, Southern Music. Venturing out, he set up his own music publishing company Merit Music. The record labels he set up were, Cannon, Carnival, Crossbow and Rocket. Using session musicians and singers, crossbow would put out cover versions ([[exploito]] recordings) of current hits.<ref>''Radio Caroline: The True Story of the Boat that Rocked'', By Ray Clark - [https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Radio_Caroline/pAc7AwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Carnival%22Allan+Crawford%22&pg=PP30&printsec=frontcover, 2 Atlanta]</ref> Ross McManus who was the father of [[Elvis Costello]] would come in sing on a lot of the recordings, changing his voice to suit.<ref>''Young, Gifted & Black: The Story of Trojan Records'', By Michael de Koningh, ‎Laurence Cane-Honeysett · 2018 - [https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Young_Gifted_Black_The_Story_of_Trojan_R/1rNcDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Carnival%22Allan+Crawford&pg=PR24&printsec=frontcover Page? 2 Windrush to 1974<br>Lee Gopthal And The Growth Of British Trojan, The Carnival label was run bu Alan Crawford, an Australian recalls Vic:]</ref> The records were available via mail order. Original recordings were issued via the Carnival and Sabre labels.<ref>''Radio Caroline: The True Story of the Boat that Rocked'', By Ray Clark - [https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Radio_Caroline/pAc7AwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Carnival%22Allan+Crawford%22&pg=PP30&printsec=frontcover, 2 Atlanta]</ref>
Carnival Records was owned by Allan Crawford an ex-pat Australian living in London. He had worked for one one the largest music publishers around, Southern Music. Venturing out, he set up his own music publishing company Merit Music. The record labels he set up were, Cannon, Carnival, Crossbow and Rocket. Using session musicians and singers, crossbow would put out cover versions ([[exploito]] recordings) of current hits.<ref>''Radio Caroline: The True Story of the Boat that Rocked'', By Ray Clark - [https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Radio_Caroline/pAc7AwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Carnival%22Allan+Crawford%22&pg=PP30&printsec=frontcover, 2 Atlanta]</ref> Ross McManus who was the father of [[Elvis Costello]] would come in sing on a lot of the recordings, changing his voice to suit.<ref>''Young, Gifted & Black: The Story of Trojan Records'', By Michael de Koningh, ‎Laurence Cane-Honeysett · 2018 - [https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Young_Gifted_Black_The_Story_of_Trojan_R/1rNcDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Carnival%22Allan+Crawford&pg=PR24&printsec=frontcover Page? 2 Windrush to 1974<br>Lee Gopthal And The Growth Of British Trojan, The Carnival label was run bu Alan Crawford, an Australian recalls Vic:]</ref> The records were available via mail order. Original recordings were issued via the Carnival and Sabre labels.<ref>''Radio Caroline: The True Story of the Boat that Rocked'', By Ray Clark - [https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Radio_Caroline/pAc7AwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Carnival%22Allan+Crawford%22&pg=PP30&printsec=frontcover, 2 Atlanta]</ref>
Line 24: Line 24:
Keith “Sugar” Simone who was popular as a gospel singer in his native Jamaica came to England in 1961 to further his education. He found work as an engineer while getting singing gigs. In 1963, he auditioned at [[Planetone|Planetone Records]] and came into contact with [[Alan Crawford (businessman)|Alan Crawford]]. Crawford signed him to Carnival and he cut six singles for the label. He later signed with [[Island Records]].<ref>Nerdtorious, 31 Mar 2009 - [https://nerdtorious.com/2009/03/ Month: March 2009, Sugar On My Tongue: Sugar Simone]</ref>
Keith “Sugar” Simone who was popular as a gospel singer in his native Jamaica came to England in 1961 to further his education. He found work as an engineer while getting singing gigs. In 1963, he auditioned at [[Planetone|Planetone Records]] and came into contact with [[Alan Crawford (businessman)|Alan Crawford]]. Crawford signed him to Carnival and he cut six singles for the label. He later signed with [[Island Records]].<ref>Nerdtorious, 31 Mar 2009 - [https://nerdtorious.com/2009/03/ Month: March 2009, Sugar On My Tongue: Sugar Simone]</ref>


[[Dandy Livingstone|Dandy Livingstone's]] entry into Carnival came about as a result of a phone call from [[Lee Gopthal]]. He was told by Gopthal that Allan Crawford (who at the time owned [[Radio Caroline]]) wanted to get in touch with the Jamaican scene. The label in their quest to find West Indian acts wanted to release a recording credited to a duo.<ref>Skabook.com, 8 Jan 2016 - [https://skabook.com/2016/01/08/a-message-to-you-from-dandy-livingstone/ A Message to You from Dandy Livingstone! by Heather Augustyn]</ref> A made-up name of Sugar 'N Dandy was used. This was influenced by Livingstone's sweet voice and the sharp way he dressed.<ref>''Contemporary Musicians'', Volume 52 - [https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Contemporary_Musicians/tAk5AQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22Carnival+Records%22Sugar+%27n%27+Dandy%22&dq=%22Carnival+Records%22Sugar+%27n%27+Dandy%22&printsec=frontcover Page 95]</ref> Apparently Livingstone's friend Roy Smith was supposed to be present for the recording session but never turned up.<ref>Skabook.com, 8 Jan 2016 - [https://skabook.com/2016/01/08/a-message-to-you-from-dandy-livingstone/ A Message to You from Dandy Livingstone! by Heather Augustyn]</ref> A type of double tracking was used to give the impression of a duo singing.<ref>Aquarium Drunkard, 14 Apr 2015 - [https://aquariumdrunkard.com/2015/04/14/jamaican-snapshots-dandy-livingstone-ska-beat-1967/ Jamaican Snapshots :: Dandy Livingstone (Ska Beat, 1967)]</ref> This was where Livingstone made his recording debut. Roy Smith did sing on three more recordings for the Sugar 'N Dandy releases. Tito Simon added his voice for one Sugar 'N Spice release, "Only Heaven Knows" bw "Let’s Ska".<ref>Skabook.com, 8 Jan 2016 - [https://skabook.com/2016/01/08/a-message-to-you-from-dandy-livingstone/ A Message to You from Dandy Livingstone! by Heather Augustyn]</ref>
[[Dandy Livingstone|Dandy Livingstone's]] entry into Carnival came about as a result of a phone call from [[Lee Gopthal]]. He was told by Gopthal that Allan Crawford (who at the time owned [[Radio Caroline]]) wanted to get in touch with the Jamaican scene. The label in their quest to find West Indian acts wanted to release a recording credited to a duo.<ref>Skabook.com, 8 Jan 2016 - [https://skabook.com/2016/01/08/a-message-to-you-from-dandy-livingstone/ A Message to You from Dandy Livingstone! by Heather Augustyn]</ref> A made-up name of [[Sugar N Dandy|Sugar 'N' Dandy]] was used. This was influenced by Livingstone's sweet voice and the sharp way he dressed.<ref>''Contemporary Musicians'', Volume 52 - [https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Contemporary_Musicians/tAk5AQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22Carnival+Records%22Sugar+%27n%27+Dandy%22&dq=%22Carnival+Records%22Sugar+%27n%27+Dandy%22&printsec=frontcover Page 95]</ref> Apparently Livingstone's friend Roy Smith was supposed to be present for the recording session but never turned up.<ref>Skabook.com, 8 Jan 2016 - [https://skabook.com/2016/01/08/a-message-to-you-from-dandy-livingstone/ A Message to You from Dandy Livingstone! by Heather Augustyn]</ref> A type of double tracking was used to give the impression of a duo singing.<ref>Aquarium Drunkard, 14 Apr 2015 - [https://aquariumdrunkard.com/2015/04/14/jamaican-snapshots-dandy-livingstone-ska-beat-1967/ Jamaican Snapshots :: Dandy Livingstone (Ska Beat, 1967)]</ref> This was where Livingstone made his recording debut. Roy Smith did sing on three more recordings for the Sugar 'N Dandy releases. Tito Simon added his voice for one Sugar 'N Spice release, "Only Heaven Knows" bw "Let’s Ska".<ref>Skabook.com, 8 Jan 2016 - [https://skabook.com/2016/01/08/a-message-to-you-from-dandy-livingstone/ A Message to You from Dandy Livingstone! by Heather Augustyn]</ref>
==History==
==History==
The first single the label issued was "Oo-Wee-Baby" bw "Twisting & Shaking" by [[Errol Dixon]], Carnival CV 7001 in 1963.<ref>Popsike - [https://www.popsike.com/CARNIVAL-Twisting-And-Shaking-ERROL-DIXON/301016184076.html CARNIVAL - Twisting And Shaking - ERROL DIXON]</ref> The next single also featured Dixon. Credited to Errol Dixon & Maynell Wilson, "Crazy Baby" bw "Our First Love" was issued on Carnival CV 7002 the same year.<ref>Tapir's Reggae Discographies - [https://tapirs.home.xs4all.nl/carniv7.htm CARNIVAL 7"S]</ref>

In 1963, the label issued "White Christmas" by Mel Turner with the Souvenirs and the Mohicans. The single did really well but poor distribution meant it was unavailable to many.<ref>45Cat - [https://www.45cat.com/label/carnival Carnival - Label Discography, UK]</ref><ref>''Young, Gifted & Black: The Story of Trojan Records'', By Michael de Koningh, ‎Laurence Cane-Honeysett · 2018 - [https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Young_Gifted_Black_The_Story_of_Trojan_R/1rNcDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Carnival%22Allan+Crawford&pg=PR24&printsec=frontcover Page? 2 Windrush to 1974<br>Lee Gopthal And The Growth Of British Trojan, The recordings were issued on a small independent label Carnival:]</ref>
In 1963, the label issued "White Christmas" by Mel Turner with the Souvenirs and the Mohicans. The single did really well but poor distribution meant it was unavailable to many.<ref>45Cat - [https://www.45cat.com/label/carnival Carnival - Label Discography, UK]</ref><ref>''Young, Gifted & Black: The Story of Trojan Records'', By Michael de Koningh, ‎Laurence Cane-Honeysett · 2018 - [https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Young_Gifted_Black_The_Story_of_Trojan_R/1rNcDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Carnival%22Allan+Crawford&pg=PR24&printsec=frontcover Page? 2 Windrush to 1974<br>Lee Gopthal And The Growth Of British Trojan, The recordings were issued on a small independent label Carnival:]</ref>

In 1964, Mel Turner recorded "The Hermit and the Rose Tree" bw "What's The Matter With Me". Conducted by Alan Moorhouse, the sessions were produced by Allan Crawford.<ref>Discogs - [https://www.discogs.com/master/1125031-Mel-Turner-The-Hermit-And-The-Rosetree Mel Turner – The Hermit And The Rosetree]</ref><ref>Tapir's Reggae Discographies - [https://tapirs.home.xs4all.nl/carniv7.htm CARNIVAL 7"S]</ref> It was reviewed in the May 9 issue of ''[[Record Mirror]]'' with the reviewer call it an "excellent disc" and having "Soft and gentle with a commercial flavor".<ref>''Record Mirror'', May 9, 1964 - [https://www.worldradiohistory.com/UK/Record-Mirror/60s/64/Record-Mirror-1964-05-09-S-OCR.pdf Page 13 SINGLES IN BRIEF]</ref> The single was also issued in picture cover format in The Netherlands on Delta DS-1134.<ref>Discogs - [https://www.discogs.com/master/1125031-Mel-Turner-The-Hermit-And-The-Rosetree Mel Turner - The Hermit And The Rosetree]</ref>

In 1964, future [[The Foundations|Foundations]] sax man [[Mike Elliott (saxophonist)|Mike Elliott]] had "[[This Love of Mine]]" bw "Things Are Getting Better" by Young Satchmo issued on Carnival CV 7008.<ref>''Disc and Music Echo'', November 4, 1967 - [https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Disc/1967/DISC-&-Music-Echo-1967-11-04.pdf Page 11 Eight faces that laid the FOUNDATIONS of a hit!]</ref><ref>Tapir's Reggae Discographies - [https://tapirs.home.xs4all.nl/carniv7.htm CARNIVAL 7"S]</ref> "This Love of Mine" was previously issued on the [[Planetone]] label that Elliott had recorded for a year earlier.<ref>''Jamaica Observer'', Jun 27, 2012 - [https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/entertainment/the-unheralded-trailblazer/ The unheralded trailblazer By Howard Campbell]</ref><ref>Tapirs - [https://tapirs.home.xs4all.nl/planet7.htm PLANETONE 7"S]</ref>


It was reported by ''Billboard'' in the May 9, 1964 issue that Allan Crawford who at the time was chairman for [[Radio Caroline]] and head of Merit Music would be making use of the radio station for the artists that were signed to Carnival.<ref>''Billboard'', May 9, 1964 - [https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Billboard/60s/1964/Billboard%201964-05-09.pdf Pages 4 - 6 British Disk Firms Boycott Pirate Radio]</ref>
It was reported by ''Billboard'' in the May 9, 1964 issue that Allan Crawford who at the time was chairman for [[Radio Caroline]] and head of Merit Music would be making use of the radio station for the artists that were signed to Carnival.<ref>''Billboard'', May 9, 1964 - [https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Billboard/60s/1964/Billboard%201964-05-09.pdf Pages 4 - 6 British Disk Firms Boycott Pirate Radio]</ref>

The label issued a compilation LP in 1964. Containing 14 tracks, the album, ''The Ska's the Limit'' was issued on Carnival CX 1000.<ref>''Record Collector'', 01 May 2019 - [https://recordcollectormag.com/articles/40-40-5-ska-collectables 40 at 40. No.5 SKA COLLECTABLES]</ref> It would also be issued on Page One FOR 006 the same year.<ref>SHM Records - [https://shmrecords.com/SUAGR-n-DANDY-the-skas-the-limit SUAGR 'n' DANDY-the ska's the limit]</ref><ref>''Record Collector'', 01 May 2019 - [https://recordcollectormag.com/articles/40-40-5-ska-collectables 40 at 40. No.5 SKA COLLECTABLES]</ref>

In 1965, Sunny and the Hi Jumpers had "Going to Damascus" bw "Sweet Potatoes" issued on Carnival CV 7025. It was produced by Tony Day and Alan Zaffert.<ref>Roots Vinyl Guide - [https://www.rootsvinylguide.com/ebay_items/going-to-damascus-sunny-and-the-hi-jumpers-carnival-7in-1965 " GOING TO DAMASCUS. " sunny and the hi jumpers. CARNIVAL 7in 1965.]</ref>

The last single issued on the label appears to be "I Don't Know What I'm Gonna Do Now" bw "I Want To Be Your Lover" by Sugar 'N' Dandy. Tony Day and Alan Zaffert produced the recordings.<ref>45Cat - [https://www.45cat.com/label/carnival Carnival - Label Discography, UK]</ref><ref>Tapirs - [https://tapirs.home.xs4all.nl/planet7.htm PLANETONE 7"S]</ref>

==Further reading==
==Further reading==
* Skabook.com, 8 Jan 2016 - [https://skabook.com/2016/01/08/a-message-to-you-from-dandy-livingstone/ A Message to You from Dandy Livingstone! by Heather Augustyn]
* Skabook.com, 8 Jan 2016 - [https://skabook.com/2016/01/08/a-message-to-you-from-dandy-livingstone/ A Message to You from Dandy Livingstone! by Heather Augustyn]
Line 36: Line 49:
==External links==
==External links==
* Discogs - [https://www.discogs.com/label/128118-Carnival Carnival]
* Discogs - [https://www.discogs.com/label/128118-Carnival Carnival]
* Tapir's Reggae Discographies - [https://tapirs.home.xs4all.nl/carniv7.htm CARNIVAL 7"S]
* 45Cat - [https://www.45cat.com/label/carnival Carnival - Label Discography, UK]


[[Category:British independent record labels]]
[[Category:British independent record labels]]

Revision as of 07:54, 22 November 2023

Carnival
Parent companyCrossbow
FounderAlan Crawford
StatusDefunct
GenreReggae, ska
Country of originEngland

Carnival Records was an English based record label run by Australian businessman Alan Crawford. It released mainly reggae and ska recordings from 1963 to 1965. Artists who have had releases on the label include The African Messengers, Errol Dixon, Mike Elliott, Oscar James, Dandy Livingstone, Sugar 'N' Dandy, Sunny And The Hi-Jumpers and The Wes Minster Five

Background

Carnival Records was owned by Allan Crawford an ex-pat Australian living in London. He had worked for one one the largest music publishers around, Southern Music. Venturing out, he set up his own music publishing company Merit Music. The record labels he set up were, Cannon, Carnival, Crossbow and Rocket. Using session musicians and singers, crossbow would put out cover versions (exploito recordings) of current hits.[1] Ross McManus who was the father of Elvis Costello would come in sing on a lot of the recordings, changing his voice to suit.[2] The records were available via mail order. Original recordings were issued via the Carnival and Sabre labels.[3]

Keith “Sugar” Simone who was popular as a gospel singer in his native Jamaica came to England in 1961 to further his education. He found work as an engineer while getting singing gigs. In 1963, he auditioned at Planetone Records and came into contact with Alan Crawford. Crawford signed him to Carnival and he cut six singles for the label. He later signed with Island Records.[4]

Dandy Livingstone's entry into Carnival came about as a result of a phone call from Lee Gopthal. He was told by Gopthal that Allan Crawford (who at the time owned Radio Caroline) wanted to get in touch with the Jamaican scene. The label in their quest to find West Indian acts wanted to release a recording credited to a duo.[5] A made-up name of Sugar 'N' Dandy was used. This was influenced by Livingstone's sweet voice and the sharp way he dressed.[6] Apparently Livingstone's friend Roy Smith was supposed to be present for the recording session but never turned up.[7] A type of double tracking was used to give the impression of a duo singing.[8] This was where Livingstone made his recording debut. Roy Smith did sing on three more recordings for the Sugar 'N Dandy releases. Tito Simon added his voice for one Sugar 'N Spice release, "Only Heaven Knows" bw "Let’s Ska".[9]

History

The first single the label issued was "Oo-Wee-Baby" bw "Twisting & Shaking" by Errol Dixon, Carnival CV 7001 in 1963.[10] The next single also featured Dixon. Credited to Errol Dixon & Maynell Wilson, "Crazy Baby" bw "Our First Love" was issued on Carnival CV 7002 the same year.[11]

In 1963, the label issued "White Christmas" by Mel Turner with the Souvenirs and the Mohicans. The single did really well but poor distribution meant it was unavailable to many.[12][13]

In 1964, Mel Turner recorded "The Hermit and the Rose Tree" bw "What's The Matter With Me". Conducted by Alan Moorhouse, the sessions were produced by Allan Crawford.[14][15] It was reviewed in the May 9 issue of Record Mirror with the reviewer call it an "excellent disc" and having "Soft and gentle with a commercial flavor".[16] The single was also issued in picture cover format in The Netherlands on Delta DS-1134.[17]

In 1964, future Foundations sax man Mike Elliott had "This Love of Mine" bw "Things Are Getting Better" by Young Satchmo issued on Carnival CV 7008.[18][19] "This Love of Mine" was previously issued on the Planetone label that Elliott had recorded for a year earlier.[20][21]

It was reported by Billboard in the May 9, 1964 issue that Allan Crawford who at the time was chairman for Radio Caroline and head of Merit Music would be making use of the radio station for the artists that were signed to Carnival.[22]

The label issued a compilation LP in 1964. Containing 14 tracks, the album, The Ska's the Limit was issued on Carnival CX 1000.[23] It would also be issued on Page One FOR 006 the same year.[24][25]

In 1965, Sunny and the Hi Jumpers had "Going to Damascus" bw "Sweet Potatoes" issued on Carnival CV 7025. It was produced by Tony Day and Alan Zaffert.[26]

The last single issued on the label appears to be "I Don't Know What I'm Gonna Do Now" bw "I Want To Be Your Lover" by Sugar 'N' Dandy. Tony Day and Alan Zaffert produced the recordings.[27][28]

Further reading

References

  1. ^ Radio Caroline: The True Story of the Boat that Rocked, By Ray Clark - 2 Atlanta
  2. ^ Young, Gifted & Black: The Story of Trojan Records, By Michael de Koningh, ‎Laurence Cane-Honeysett · 2018 - Page? 2 Windrush to 1974
    Lee Gopthal And The Growth Of British Trojan, The Carnival label was run bu Alan Crawford, an Australian recalls Vic:
  3. ^ Radio Caroline: The True Story of the Boat that Rocked, By Ray Clark - 2 Atlanta
  4. ^ Nerdtorious, 31 Mar 2009 - Month: March 2009, Sugar On My Tongue: Sugar Simone
  5. ^ Skabook.com, 8 Jan 2016 - A Message to You from Dandy Livingstone! by Heather Augustyn
  6. ^ Contemporary Musicians, Volume 52 - Page 95
  7. ^ Skabook.com, 8 Jan 2016 - A Message to You from Dandy Livingstone! by Heather Augustyn
  8. ^ Aquarium Drunkard, 14 Apr 2015 - Jamaican Snapshots :: Dandy Livingstone (Ska Beat, 1967)
  9. ^ Skabook.com, 8 Jan 2016 - A Message to You from Dandy Livingstone! by Heather Augustyn
  10. ^ Popsike - CARNIVAL - Twisting And Shaking - ERROL DIXON
  11. ^ Tapir's Reggae Discographies - CARNIVAL 7"S
  12. ^ 45Cat - Carnival - Label Discography, UK
  13. ^ Young, Gifted & Black: The Story of Trojan Records, By Michael de Koningh, ‎Laurence Cane-Honeysett · 2018 - Page? 2 Windrush to 1974
    Lee Gopthal And The Growth Of British Trojan, The recordings were issued on a small independent label Carnival:
  14. ^ Discogs - Mel Turner – The Hermit And The Rosetree
  15. ^ Tapir's Reggae Discographies - CARNIVAL 7"S
  16. ^ Record Mirror, May 9, 1964 - Page 13 SINGLES IN BRIEF
  17. ^ Discogs - Mel Turner - The Hermit And The Rosetree
  18. ^ Disc and Music Echo, November 4, 1967 - Page 11 Eight faces that laid the FOUNDATIONS of a hit!
  19. ^ Tapir's Reggae Discographies - CARNIVAL 7"S
  20. ^ Jamaica Observer, Jun 27, 2012 - The unheralded trailblazer By Howard Campbell
  21. ^ Tapirs - PLANETONE 7"S
  22. ^ Billboard, May 9, 1964 - Pages 4 - 6 British Disk Firms Boycott Pirate Radio
  23. ^ Record Collector, 01 May 2019 - 40 at 40. No.5 SKA COLLECTABLES
  24. ^ SHM Records - SUAGR 'n' DANDY-the ska's the limit
  25. ^ Record Collector, 01 May 2019 - 40 at 40. No.5 SKA COLLECTABLES
  26. ^ Roots Vinyl Guide - " GOING TO DAMASCUS. " sunny and the hi jumpers. CARNIVAL 7in 1965.
  27. ^ 45Cat - Carnival - Label Discography, UK
  28. ^ Tapirs - PLANETONE 7"S
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