Qazax District: Difference between revisions
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'''Qazakh''' ([[Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]]: Qazax, [[Armenian language|Armenian]]: Քազաք; also known as '''Kazakh''' or '''Gazakh''') is a [[Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan|rayon]] of [[Azerbaijan]]. It has two [[Enclave and exclave|exclave]]s, [[Yukhari Askipara]] and [[Barkhudarli]] inside [[Armenia]] and have been under Armenian control since the [[Nagorno-Karabakh War]]. |
'''Qazakh''' ([[Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]]: Qazax, [[Armenian language|Armenian]]: Քազաք; also known as '''Kazakh''' or '''Gazakh''') is a [[Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan|rayon]] of [[Azerbaijan]]. It has two [[Enclave and exclave|exclave]]s, [[Yukhari Askipara]] and [[Barkhudarli]] inside [[Armenia]] and have been under Armenian control since the [[Nagorno-Karabakh War]]. |
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| ⚫ | Under the [[Russian Empire]], the rayon was a northeastern part of the Kazakh uyezd of the [[Elisabethpol Governorate]]. With the fall of the Russian Empire, dispute over the region arose between the Armenians (who made up 39% of the population) and the Azerbaijanis (who comprised 57%).<ref name="Brockhaus">{{ru icon}} [http://www.cultinfo.ru/fulltext/1/001/007/046/46719.htm Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary. "Kazakh".] St. Petersburg, Russia, 1890-1907</ref> When the South Caucasus came under British occupation, Sir [[Oliver Wardrop|John Oliver Wardrop]], British Chief Commissioner in the South Caucasus, decided that assigning the [[Erivan Governorate]] and the [[Kars Oblast]] to [[Democratic Republic of Armenia]] (DRA) and the Elisabethpol and [[Baku Governorate|Baku]] Governorates to the [[Azerbaijan Democratic Republic]] (ADR) would solve the region's outstanding disputes. However, this proposal was rejected by both Armenians (who did not wish to give up their claims to Kazakh, Zangezur (today [[Syunik]]), and [[Nagorno-Karabakh]]) and Azerbaijanis (who found it unacceptable to give up their claims to [[Nakhichevan]]). As conflict broke out between the two groups, the British left the region in mid-1919. |
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==History== |
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After the British evacuation and more fighting between Armenians and Azerbaijanis ensued, the [[Eleventh Army (Soviet Union)|Soviet Eleventh Army]] led by [[Grigoriy Ordzhonikidze]] gained control of the region and annexed it to [[Bolshevist Russia]]. During the process of [[Sovietization]], the borders of the Transcaucasian republics were redrawn several times. The territory of the former Kazakh uyezd was eventually divided between the Armenian and Azerbaijani republics along ethnic and sectarian lines.<ref>{{cite book |author=W.E.D. Allen |title=New Political Boundaries in the Caucasus |year=published 1927 |publisher=The Geographical Journal}}</ref> The northern region, including the town of Qazakh itself was given to Azerbaijan while the southern portion, roughly corresponding to the present-day Armenian province [[Tavush]] was given to Armenia. During the [[Nagorno-Karabakh War]], Armenia gained control of Qazakh's exclaves of Yukhari Askipara and Barkhudarli. Besides this, neither country has disputed the boundary since. |
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| ⚫ | Under the [[Russian Empire]], the rayon was part of the Kazakh uyezd of the [[ |
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According to Canadian historian Andrew Andersen, by 1920, the area of the former uyezd came under full administration of the DRA.<ref name="AndersenQazakh">Andersen. [http://www.conflicts.rem33.com/images/Armenia/kars.htm Atlas of Conflicts: Armenia and Karabakh: Territorial Disputes of 1921-22 And Future Territorial Adjustments Between 1923 and 1928]</ref> It remained under Armenian authority both during the Bolshevik invasion of the South Caucasus and within the [[Transcaucasian SFSR]] (est. 1922). <ref name="AndersenQazakh" /> Azerbaijani sources dated 1922 and affiliated to Azerbaijani Communist Party identified the former Qazakh uezd (within the border established by the Tsarist Russia) as a part of Soviet Azerbaijan which was lately incorporated into [[Transcaucasian SFSR]] <ref> State Archive of Azerbaijan's Political Parties and Public Movements (Former Soviet Communist Party Archive) ГАППОДАР, ф.1, оп. 74, д. 127, л.160-161 </ref> After Sovietization, however, the borders of the Transcaucasian republics were redrawn several times. Between 1923 and 1928, the northern half of the former uyezd was ceded to Azerbaijan while the southern half, roughly corresponding to the present-day [[Tavush]] province in Armenia was retained. Armenia's territorial losses, however, were compensated with the assignment of [[Lori (province)|Lori]] from Georgia to Armenia. <ref name="AndersenQazakh" /> |
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==Footnotes== |
==Footnotes== |
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{{Azerbaijan}} |
{{Azerbaijan}} |
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Revision as of 01:52, 29 March 2007
Qazakh (Azerbaijani: Qazax, Armenian: Քազաք; also known as Kazakh or Gazakh) is a rayon of Azerbaijan. It has two exclaves, Yukhari Askipara and Barkhudarli inside Armenia and have been under Armenian control since the Nagorno-Karabakh War.
Under the Russian Empire, the rayon was a northeastern part of the Kazakh uyezd of the Elisabethpol Governorate. With the fall of the Russian Empire, dispute over the region arose between the Armenians (who made up 39% of the population) and the Azerbaijanis (who comprised 57%).[1] When the South Caucasus came under British occupation, Sir John Oliver Wardrop, British Chief Commissioner in the South Caucasus, decided that assigning the Erivan Governorate and the Kars Oblast to Democratic Republic of Armenia (DRA) and the Elisabethpol and Baku Governorates to the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (ADR) would solve the region's outstanding disputes. However, this proposal was rejected by both Armenians (who did not wish to give up their claims to Kazakh, Zangezur (today Syunik), and Nagorno-Karabakh) and Azerbaijanis (who found it unacceptable to give up their claims to Nakhichevan). As conflict broke out between the two groups, the British left the region in mid-1919.
After the British evacuation and more fighting between Armenians and Azerbaijanis ensued, the Soviet Eleventh Army led by Grigoriy Ordzhonikidze gained control of the region and annexed it to Bolshevist Russia. During the process of Sovietization, the borders of the Transcaucasian republics were redrawn several times. The territory of the former Kazakh uyezd was eventually divided between the Armenian and Azerbaijani republics along ethnic and sectarian lines.[2] The northern region, including the town of Qazakh itself was given to Azerbaijan while the southern portion, roughly corresponding to the present-day Armenian province Tavush was given to Armenia. During the Nagorno-Karabakh War, Armenia gained control of Qazakh's exclaves of Yukhari Askipara and Barkhudarli. Besides this, neither country has disputed the boundary since.
Footnotes
- ^ Template:Ru icon Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary. "Kazakh". St. Petersburg, Russia, 1890-1907
- ^ W.E.D. Allen (published 1927). New Political Boundaries in the Caucasus. The Geographical Journal.
{{cite book}}: Check date values in:|year=(help)CS1 maint: year (link)
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