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{{Notability|neologisms|date=March 2013}}
{{use mdy dates |date=August 2022}}
The '''Friedman Unit''', or simply '''Friedman''',<ref name="think1">{{cite news | url = http://thinkprogress.org/2007/02/28/gen-petreaus-is-in/ | work = ThinkProgress | publisher = [[Center for American Progress]] | title = Gen. Petreaus is in | date = 2007-02-28 | access-date = 2007-05-22}} Note: the General's name is Petraeus.</ref> is a [[tongue-in-cheek]] [[neologism]]. One Friedman Unit is equal to six months,<ref name="Klein">{{cite news | url = http://www.prospect.org/csnc/blogs/tapped_archive?month=12&year=2006&base_name=post_2220#014758 | work = The American Prospect | title = TAPPED | first = Ezra | last = Klein | date = 2006-12-08 | access-date = 2007-03-18 | archive-date = 2007-09-30 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070930033432/http://www.prospect.org/csnc/blogs/tapped_archive?month=12&year=2006&base_name=post_2220#014758 | url-status = dead }}</ref> specifically the "next six months", a period repeatedly declared by ''[[New York Times]]'' columnist [[Thomas Friedman]] to be the most critical of the then-ongoing [[Iraq War]]<ref name="wrong">{{cite book |author=Mitchell, Greg |title=So Wrong for So Long: How the Press, the Pundits {{ndash}} and the President {{ndash}} Failed on Iraq |year=2008 |publisher=Union Square Press/Sterling Publishing Co., Inc. |pages=177–79 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WAZNHKWqAbIC&pg=PA177 |isbn=9781402756573 }}</ref> even though such pronouncements extended back over two and a half years.
{{unreliable sources|date=March 2013}}
The '''Friedman Unit''', or simply '''Friedman''',<ref name="think1">{{cite news
| url = http://thinkprogress.org/2007/02/28/gen-petreaus-is-in/
| work = ThinkProgress
| publisher = [[Center for American Progress]]
| title = Gen. Petreaus is in
| date = 2007-02-28
| accessdate = 2007-05-22
}} Note: the General's name is Petraeus. </ref> is a tongue-in-cheek [[neologism]]. One Friedman Unit is equal to six months,<ref name="Klein">{{cite news
| url = http://www.prospect.org/csnc/blogs/tapped_archive?month=12&year=2006&base_name=post_2220#014758
| work = The American Prospect
| title = TAPPED
| first = Ezra
| last = Klein
| date = 2006-12-08
| accessdate = 2007-03-18
}}</ref> specifically the "next six months", a period repeatedly declared by ''[[New York Times]]'' columnist [[Thomas Friedman]] to be the most critical of the then-ongoing [[Iraq War]] even though such pronouncements extended back over two and a half years.


== History ==
== History ==
The term is in reference to a May 16, 2006, article by [[Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting]] (FAIR) detailing the repeated use by columnist [[Thomas Friedman]] of "the next six months" as the period in which, according to Friedman, "we're going to find out... whether a decent outcome is possible" in the [[Iraq War]].<ref name="FAIR page 2884">{{cite web | url =http://fair.org/extra/tom-friedman8217s-flexible-deadlines/ | title = Tom Friedman's Flexible Deadlines | date = 2006-05-16 | publisher = [[Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting]] | access-date = 2017-07-19}}</ref> As documented by FAIR, Friedman had been making such six-month predictions for a period of two and a half years, on at least fourteen different occasions, starting with a column in the November 30, 2003, edition of ''The New York Times'', in which he stated: "The next six months in Iraq—which will determine the prospects for democracy-building there—are the most important six months in U.S. foreign policy in a long, long time."<ref name="Friedman 2003">{{cite news | work = The New York Times | title = The Chant Not Heard | first = Thomas L | last = Friedman | date = 2003-11-30 | page = WK 9}}</ref>


In tribute to Friedman's recurring prognostications, blogger Duncan Black ([[Atrios]]) coined the eponymous unit.<ref>{{cite book |author=Christopher Cerf |author2=Victor S. Navasky |title=Mission Accomplished! Or How We Won the War in Iraq: The Experts Speak |year=2008 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |pages=158 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FEPwA_6SWGwC&dq=%22Friedman+Unit%22&pg=PA158 |isbn=9781416570257}}</ref>
The term is in reference to a May 16, 2006, article by [[Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting]] (FAIR) detailing the repeated use by columnist [[Thomas Friedman]] of "the next six months" as the period in which, according to Friedman, "we're going to find out... whether a decent outcome is possible" in the [[Iraq War]].<ref name="FAIR page 2884">{{cite web
| url = http://www.fair.org/index.php?page=2884
| title = Tom Friedman's Flexible Deadlines
| date = 2006-05-16
| publisher = [[Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting]]
| accessdate = 2007-05-22
}}</ref> As documented by FAIR, Friedman had been making such six-month predictions for a period of two and a half years, on at least fourteen different occasions, starting with a column in the November 30, 2003, edition of ''The New York Times'', in which he stated: "The next six months in Iraq—which will determine the prospects for democracy-building there—are the most important six months in U.S. foreign policy in a long, long time."<ref name="Friedman 2003">{{cite news
| work = The New York Times
| title = The Chant Not Heard
| first = Thomas L
| last = Friedman
| date = 2003-11-30
| page = WK 9
}}</ref>


Similar predictions by others began to be judged by the new metric in the [[blogosphere]]. For example, [[Zalmay Khalizad]], U.S. Ambassador to Iraq, had said in June 2005 that "the next nine months are critical", now interpreted as predicting that in 1.5 Friedman units the U.S. might have a better grasp on the situation.<ref>{{cite book |author=Matthew Yglesias |title=Heads in the Sand: How the Republicans Screw Up Foreign Policy and Foreign Policy Screws Up the Democrats |year=2008 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |pages=xi | url=https://archive.org/details/headsinsandhowre00ygle |url-access=registration |quote=Friedman Unit. |isbn=9780470086223}}</ref>
The unit is also called "one Friedman" or "one F.U." according to SourceWatch,<ref name=source1 /> In September, 2007, [[Thomas Friedman]] agreed not to call for any more F.U.s: "Stephen Colbert brings on Thomas Friedman, author of ''The World is Flat''.... Colbert offers up the same six months (also known as a Friedman Unit or FU) that Friedman has spent the last four years claiming would be all we need to see "success in Iraq," but Friedman admits we're all out of FUs."<ref name="Klein" /><ref name=CAL1>{{cite web
| url = http://crooksandliars.com/2007/09/25/the-colbert-report-tom-friedman-admits-were-out-of-fus-in-iraq/
| title = The Colbert Report: Tom Friedman admits we're out of FUs in Iraq
| date = 2007-09-24
| first = Nicole
| last = Belle
| publisher = [[Crooks and Liars]]
| accessdate = 2013-03-07
}} </ref> However, in July, 2008, he again called for a delay in [[Barack Obama]]'s plan to withdraw troops from Iraq, in effect adopting [[John McCain]]'s position.<ref name=dailykos1>{{cite web
| url = http://www.dailykos.com/story/2008/07/23/555637/-BREAKING-Tom-Friedman-asking-for-another-Friedman-Unit
| title = BREAKING: Tom Friedman asking for another Friedman Unit.
| date = 2008-07-23
| author = Bartimus Blue
| publisher = [[Daily Kos]]
| accessdate = 2013-03-09
}} </ref> Even after Barack Obama had designated the summer of 2010 as his goal for starting to bring American troops home from Iraq, with the end of 2010 as his deadline, in October, 2008, Friedman was reported as calling for another Friedman unit, giving his opinion that, if elected, President Obama should let troops remain until 2011.<ref name=think2>{{cite web
| url = http://thinkprogress.org/media/2008/10/19/30926/friedman-obama-six-months/
| title = Friedman Wants Obama to Add a Friedman Unit to His Iraq Withdrawal Timeline
| date = 2008-10-19
| first = Ben
| last = Armbruster
| publisher = [[ThinkProgress]]
| accessdate = 2013-03-07
}} </ref>


In September, 2007, Friedman agreed not to call for any more FUs: "[[Stephen Colbert]] brings on Thomas Friedman, author of ''The World is Flat''.... Colbert offers up the same six months (also known as a Friedman Unit or FU) that Friedman has spent the last four years claiming would be all we need to see "success in Iraq", but Friedman admits we're all out of FUs."<ref name="Klein" /><ref name=CAL1>{{cite web | url = http://crooksandliars.com/2007/09/25/the-colbert-report-tom-friedman-admits-were-out-of-fus-in-iraq/ | title = The Colbert Report: Tom Friedman admits we're out of FUs in Iraq | date = 2007-09-24 | first = Nicole | last = Belle | publisher = [[Crooks and Liars]] | access-date = 2013-03-07}}</ref> However, in July, 2008, he again called for a delay in [[Barack Obama]]'s plan to withdraw troops from Iraq, in effect adopting [[John McCain]]'s position.<ref name=dailykos1>{{cite web | url = http://www.dailykos.com/story/2008/07/23/555637/-BREAKING-Tom-Friedman-asking-for-another-Friedman-Unit | title = BREAKING: Tom Friedman asking for another Friedman Unit. | date = 2008-07-23 | author = Bartimus Blue | publisher = [[Daily Kos]] | access-date = 2013-03-09}}</ref> Even after Barack Obama had designated the summer of 2010 as his goal for starting to bring American troops home from Iraq, with the end of 2010 as his deadline, in October 2008 Friedman was reported as calling for another Friedman unit, giving his opinion that, if elected, President Obama should let troops remain until 2011.<ref name=think2>{{cite web | url = http://thinkprogress.org/media/2008/10/19/30926/friedman-obama-six-months/ | title = Friedman Wants Obama to Add a Friedman Unit to His Iraq Withdrawal Timeline | date = 2008-10-19 | first = Ben | last = Armbruster | website = [[ThinkProgress]] | access-date = 2013-03-07}}</ref>
[[A Way with Words]] noted that Friedman had also been calling for more Friedman units in other contexts.<ref name=AwW1>{{cite web
| url = http://www.waywordradio.org/friedman_unit_1/
| title = Friedman unit
| date = 2007-05-24
| first = Grant
| last = Barrett
| publisher = [[A Way with Words]]
| accessdate = 2013-03-08
}} </ref> This refers to his appearance on [[The Daily Show]] June 12, 2006.<ref name=DS1>{{cite web
| url = http://www.thedailyshow.com/watch/mon-june-12-2006/thomas-friedman
| title = Thomas Friedman talks about solar and wind energy alternatives
| date = 2006-06-12
| first = Thomas
| last = Friedman
| coauthors = Jon Stewart
| Work = The Daily Show
| accessdate = 2013-03-08
}} </ref>


''[[A Way with Words]]'' noted that Friedman had also been calling for more Friedman units in other contexts.<ref name=AwW1>{{cite web | url = http://www.waywordradio.org/friedman_unit_1/ | title = Friedman unit | date = 2007-05-24 | first = Grant | last = Barrett | publisher = [[A Way with Words]] | access-date = 2013-03-08}}</ref> This refers to his appearance on ''[[The Daily Show]]'' on June 12, 2006.<ref name=DS1>{{cite web | url = http://www.thedailyshow.com/watch/mon-june-12-2006/thomas-friedman | title = Thomas Friedman talks about solar and wind energy alternatives | date = 2006-06-12 | first = Thomas | last = Friedman |author2=Jon Stewart | work = The Daily Show | access-date = 2013-03-08}}</ref>
The term has been used in puns, for example, "Commander of the Friedman Unit," an article about the political hopes of Friedman for a third-party candidate in the U.S. presidential race of 2012.<ref name=econ1>{{cite web

| url = http://www.economist.com/blogs/democracyinamerica/2012/04/third-party-fantasies
The term has been used in puns, for example, "Commander of the Friedman Unit," an article about the political hopes of Friedman for a third-party candidate in the U.S. presidential race of 2012.<ref name=econ1>{{cite web | url = https://www.economist.com/blogs/democracyinamerica/2012/04/third-party-fantasies | title = Third-party fantasies: Commander of the Friedman unit | work = Democracy in America: American politics | date = 2012-04-19 | author = M.S. | publisher = [[The Economist]] blogs | access-date = 2013-03-06}}</ref>
| title = Third-party fantasies: Commander of the Friedman unit
| work = Democracy in America: American politics
| date = 2012-04-19
| author = M.S.
| publisher = [[The Economist]] blogs
| accessdate = 2013-03-06
}} </ref>


== Impact ==
== Impact ==
{{Expand section|date=December 2016}}
It is used in discussions of whether it's too soon to tell if the U.S. is making progress.<ref name=think3>{{cite web| url= http://thinkprogress.org/security/2008/01/22/19016/petraeus-six-months/| title = Petraeus: I Need Another Six Months To Determine Whether 'We've Reached A Turning Point' | date = 2008-01-22 | last = Terkel| first = Amanda| website= ThinkProgress| access-date = 2013-03-08}}</ref> It worked its way into commentary on the war and whether an interval was indeed critical.<ref name=wapo1>{{cite news| url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/blog/2007/05/08/BL2007050800898_pf.html| title = Four more months? | date = 2007-05-08 | last = Froomkin| first = Dan| newspaper= [[The Washington Post]]| access-date = 2013-03-08}}</ref>


Journalist [[Spencer Ackerman]] referred to the unit to measure the progress of American goals in other Middle Eastern countries, such as Afghanistan in 2009: "Ah, the Friedman unit, that beloved Internet tradition denoting the six-month increment many pundits believe will prove decisive in any war, only to be subject to an endless addition of&nbsp;... Friedman units."<ref name=WINN1>{{cite web| url = http://washingtonindependent.com/66043/how-many-friedman-units-for-afghanistan| title = How Many Friedman Units for Afghanistan?| date = 2009-11-02| last = Ackerman| first = Spencer| publisher = the Washington Independent News Network| access-date = 2013-03-07| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130708141540/http://washingtonindependent.com/66043/how-many-friedman-units-for-afghanistan| archive-date = 2013-07-08| url-status = dead}}</ref>
The website [[SourceWatch]] notes that the ''[[Huffington Post]]'' cited it as the "Best New Phrase" of 2006.<ref name="source1">{{cite web
| url = http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Friedman_(Iraq_War_time_unit)
| title = Friedman (Iraq War time unit)
| date = 2007-03-19
| publisher = SourceWatch
| accessdate = 2013-03-06
}}</ref> SourceWatch observes, "More broadly, many political observers measure any date-specific statement by a public figure regarding the future of Iraq or the Iraq War in Friedman Units, thus suggesting that the speaker's predictions of a near-term resolution of the Iraq War amount to that speaker's de facto defense of the status quo."<ref name=source1 /> It is used in discussions of whether it's too soon to tell if the U.S. is making progress.<ref name=think3>{{cite web
| url= http://thinkprogress.org/security/2008/01/22/19016/petraeus-six-months/
| title = Petraeus: I Need Another Six Months To Determine Whether ‘We’ve Reached A Turning Point’
| date = 2008-01-22
| last = Terkel
| first = Amanda
| publisher= ThinkProgress
| accessdate = 2013-03-08
}}</ref> It worked its way into commentary on the war and whether an interval was, indeed, critical.<ref name=wapo1>{{cite web
| url= http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/blog/2007/05/08/BL2007050800898_pf.html
| title = Four more months?
| date = 2007-05-08
| last = Froomkin
| first = Dan
| publisher= [[The Washington Post]]
| accessdate = 2013-03-08
}}</ref>


[[Ezra Klein]] invented another Friedman-based term: "Friedman's Choice ... states that our real choices in Iraq are 10 months or 10 years. Either we commit the resources to entirely rebuild the place over a decade, for which there is little support, or we tell everyone that we will be out within 10 months, or sooner, and we'll deal with the consequences from afar."<ref name="Klein" />
The unit is also used to measure the progress of American goals in other Middle Eastern countries, such as Afghanistan in 2009. "Ah, the Friedman unit, that beloved Internet tradition denoting the six-month increment many pundits believe will prove decisive in any war, only to be subject to an endless addition of … Friedman units." <ref name=WINN1>{{cite web
| url=http://washingtonindependent.com/66043/how-many-friedman-units-for-afghanistan
| title = How Many Friedman Units for Afghanistan?
| date = 2009-11-02
| last = Ackerman
| first = Spencer
| publisher= the Washington Independent News Network
| accessdate = 2013-03-07
}}</ref>


== See also ==
Other authors have been inspired by the Friedman unit to invent other Friedman-based terms:
* [[List of humorous units of measurement]]
* '''"Friedman's Choice''' states that "our real choices in Iraq are 10 months or 10 years. Either we commit the resources to entirely rebuild the place over a decade, for which there is little support, or we tell everyone that we will be out within 10 months, or sooner, and we'll deal with the consequences from afar."<ref name="Klein" />


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Reflist|30em}}


== External links ==
== External links ==

* [http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2007/08/timeline.html Center for American Progress] interactive timeline
* [http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2007/08/timeline.html Center for American Progress] interactive timeline

{{Thomas Friedman}}


[[Category:Political neologisms]]
[[Category:Political neologisms]]
[[Category:Units of time]]
[[Category:Units of time]]
[[Category:Occupation of Iraq]]
[[Category:Iraq War terminology]]
[[Category:2006 neologisms]]

Latest revision as of 00:54, 22 December 2023

The Friedman Unit, or simply Friedman,[1] is a tongue-in-cheek neologism. One Friedman Unit is equal to six months,[2] specifically the "next six months", a period repeatedly declared by New York Times columnist Thomas Friedman to be the most critical of the then-ongoing Iraq War[3] even though such pronouncements extended back over two and a half years.

History

[edit]

The term is in reference to a May 16, 2006, article by Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting (FAIR) detailing the repeated use by columnist Thomas Friedman of "the next six months" as the period in which, according to Friedman, "we're going to find out... whether a decent outcome is possible" in the Iraq War.[4] As documented by FAIR, Friedman had been making such six-month predictions for a period of two and a half years, on at least fourteen different occasions, starting with a column in the November 30, 2003, edition of The New York Times, in which he stated: "The next six months in Iraq—which will determine the prospects for democracy-building there—are the most important six months in U.S. foreign policy in a long, long time."[5]

In tribute to Friedman's recurring prognostications, blogger Duncan Black (Atrios) coined the eponymous unit.[6]

Similar predictions by others began to be judged by the new metric in the blogosphere. For example, Zalmay Khalizad, U.S. Ambassador to Iraq, had said in June 2005 that "the next nine months are critical", now interpreted as predicting that in 1.5 Friedman units the U.S. might have a better grasp on the situation.[7]

In September, 2007, Friedman agreed not to call for any more FUs: "Stephen Colbert brings on Thomas Friedman, author of The World is Flat.... Colbert offers up the same six months (also known as a Friedman Unit or FU) that Friedman has spent the last four years claiming would be all we need to see "success in Iraq", but Friedman admits we're all out of FUs."[2][8] However, in July, 2008, he again called for a delay in Barack Obama's plan to withdraw troops from Iraq, in effect adopting John McCain's position.[9] Even after Barack Obama had designated the summer of 2010 as his goal for starting to bring American troops home from Iraq, with the end of 2010 as his deadline, in October 2008 Friedman was reported as calling for another Friedman unit, giving his opinion that, if elected, President Obama should let troops remain until 2011.[10]

A Way with Words noted that Friedman had also been calling for more Friedman units in other contexts.[11] This refers to his appearance on The Daily Show on June 12, 2006.[12]

The term has been used in puns, for example, "Commander of the Friedman Unit," an article about the political hopes of Friedman for a third-party candidate in the U.S. presidential race of 2012.[13]

Impact

[edit]

It is used in discussions of whether it's too soon to tell if the U.S. is making progress.[14] It worked its way into commentary on the war and whether an interval was indeed critical.[15]

Journalist Spencer Ackerman referred to the unit to measure the progress of American goals in other Middle Eastern countries, such as Afghanistan in 2009: "Ah, the Friedman unit, that beloved Internet tradition denoting the six-month increment many pundits believe will prove decisive in any war, only to be subject to an endless addition of ... Friedman units."[16]

Ezra Klein invented another Friedman-based term: "Friedman's Choice ... states that our real choices in Iraq are 10 months or 10 years. Either we commit the resources to entirely rebuild the place over a decade, for which there is little support, or we tell everyone that we will be out within 10 months, or sooner, and we'll deal with the consequences from afar."[2]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Gen. Petreaus is in". ThinkProgress. Center for American Progress. February 28, 2007. Retrieved May 22, 2007. Note: the General's name is Petraeus.
  2. ^ a b c Klein, Ezra (December 8, 2006). "TAPPED". The American Prospect. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved March 18, 2007.
  3. ^ Mitchell, Greg (2008). So Wrong for So Long: How the Press, the Pundits – and the President – Failed on Iraq. Union Square Press/Sterling Publishing Co., Inc. pp. 177–79. ISBN 9781402756573.
  4. ^ "Tom Friedman's Flexible Deadlines". Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting. May 16, 2006. Retrieved July 19, 2017.
  5. ^ Friedman, Thomas L (November 30, 2003). "The Chant Not Heard". The New York Times. p. WK 9.
  6. ^ Christopher Cerf; Victor S. Navasky (2008). Mission Accomplished! Or How We Won the War in Iraq: The Experts Speak. Simon and Schuster. p. 158. ISBN 9781416570257.
  7. ^ Matthew Yglesias (2008). Heads in the Sand: How the Republicans Screw Up Foreign Policy and Foreign Policy Screws Up the Democrats. John Wiley & Sons. pp. xi. ISBN 9780470086223. Friedman Unit.
  8. ^ Belle, Nicole (September 24, 2007). "The Colbert Report: Tom Friedman admits we're out of FUs in Iraq". Crooks and Liars. Retrieved March 7, 2013.
  9. ^ Bartimus Blue (July 23, 2008). "BREAKING: Tom Friedman asking for another Friedman Unit". Daily Kos. Retrieved March 9, 2013.
  10. ^ Armbruster, Ben (October 19, 2008). "Friedman Wants Obama to Add a Friedman Unit to His Iraq Withdrawal Timeline". ThinkProgress. Retrieved March 7, 2013.
  11. ^ Barrett, Grant (May 24, 2007). "Friedman unit". A Way with Words. Retrieved March 8, 2013.
  12. ^ Friedman, Thomas; Jon Stewart (June 12, 2006). "Thomas Friedman talks about solar and wind energy alternatives". The Daily Show. Retrieved March 8, 2013.
  13. ^ M.S. (April 19, 2012). "Third-party fantasies: Commander of the Friedman unit". Democracy in America: American politics. The Economist blogs. Retrieved March 6, 2013.
  14. ^ Terkel, Amanda (January 22, 2008). "Petraeus: I Need Another Six Months To Determine Whether 'We've Reached A Turning Point'". ThinkProgress. Retrieved March 8, 2013.
  15. ^ Froomkin, Dan (May 8, 2007). "Four more months?". The Washington Post. Retrieved March 8, 2013.
  16. ^ Ackerman, Spencer (November 2, 2009). "How Many Friedman Units for Afghanistan?". the Washington Independent News Network. Archived from the original on July 8, 2013. Retrieved March 7, 2013.
[edit]
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