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{{Short description|Genus of fungi}}
#REDIRECT [[Rhodonia]]
{{Speciesbox
| image = Lausanne 03.08.2017 Rhodonia placenta (36864134910).jpg
| taxon = Rhodonia placenta
| authority = ([[Elias Magnus Fries|Fr.]]) Niemelä, K.H.Larss. & Schigel (2005)
| synonyms = {{hidden begin|title = List}}
*''Polyporus placenta'' <small>Fr. (1861)</small>
*''Physisporus placenta'' <small>(Fr.) P. Karst. (1882)</small>
*''Poria placenta'' <small>(Fr.) Cooke (1886)</small>
*''Leptoporus placenta'' <small>(Fr.) Pat. (1900)</small>
*''Ceriporiopsis placenta'' <small>(Fr.) Domański (1963)</small>
*''Tyromyces placenta'' <small>(Fr.) Ryvarden (1973)</small>
*''Oligoporus placenta'' <small>(Fr.) Gilb. & Ryvarden (1985)</small>
*''Postia placenta'' <small>(Fr.) M.J. Larsen & Lombard (1986)</small>
*''Poria incarnata'' <small>Pers. (1794)</small>
*''Boletus incarnatus'' <small>(Pers.) Pers. (1801)</small>
*''Polyporus incarnatus'' <small>(Pers.) Fr. (1821)</small>
*''Physisporus incarnatus'' <small>(Pers.) Gillet (1878)</small>
*''Caloporus incarnatus'' <small>(Pers.) P.Karst. (1881)</small>
*''Caloporia incarnata'' <small>(Pers.) P.Karst. (1898)</small>
*''Ceriporia incarnata'' <small>(Pers.) Bondartsev (1953)</small>
*''Bjerkandera roseomaculata'' <small>P.Karst. (1891)</small>
*''Polyporus roseomaculatus'' <small>(P.Karst.) Sacc. (1895)</small>
*''Ceriporiopsis placenta'' f. ''roseomaculata'' <small>(P.Karst.) Domański (1965)</small>
*''Physisporus albolilacinus'' <small>P.Karst. (1892)</small>
*''Poria albolilacina'' <small>(P.Karst.) Sacc. (1895)</small>
*''Poria monticola'' <small>Murrill (1920)</small>
*''Poria placenta'' f. ''monticola'' <small>(Murrill) Domański (1972)</small>
*''Poria carnicolor'' <small>D.V.Baxter (1941)</small>
*''Poria microspora'' <small>Overh. (1943)</small>
*''Ceriporiopsis placenta'' f. ''microspora'' <small>Domański (1965)</small>
{{hidden end}}
}}


'''''Rhodonia placenta''''' is a species of [[crust fungus]] in the family [[Fomitopsidaceae]]. A [[Wood-decay fungus#Brown rot|brown rot]] species, it is found in China, Europe, and North America, where it grows on decaying [[conifer]] wood.<ref name="Zhishu 1993"/>
{{R to monotypic taxon|fungus}}

==Taxonomy==
The species has undergone several changes in generic placement since it was originally [[species description|described]] as a species in the genus ''[[Polyporus]]'' by [[Elias Magnus Fries]] in 1861. Although formerly placed in the genus ''[[Oligoporus]]'' or ''[[Postia]]'', [[molecular phylogenetics|molecular]] analysis has revealed that this species is phylogenetically distant from species in those genera, appearing instead in a separate [[clade]] near ''[[Antrodia]]''.<ref name="Niemelä 2005"/>

===Synonymy===
''Rhodonia placenta'' has acquired an extensive [[synonym (biology)|synonymy]] in its [[taxonomy (biology)|taxonomic]] history. In addition to having been transferred to several polypore genera, it is considered to be the same species as ''Poria incarnata'' described by [[Christian Hendrik Persoon]] in 1794, as well as [[Petter Karsten]]'s ''Bjerkandera roseomaculata'' (1891), and ''Physisporus albolilacinus'' (1892). Other taxonomic synonyms include [[William Alphonso Murrill]]'s ''Poria monticola'', [[Dow Baxter]]'s ''Poria carnicolor'' (1941), and [[Lee Oras Overholts]]' ''Poria microspora'' (1943).<ref name="Fungorum synonymy"/>

==Description==
The [[basidiocarp|fruiting body]] is spread out (effused) on its [[substrate (biology)|substrate]], poroid, fairly thick, juicy and soft, with a pale rose or white colouring. It has a monomitic [[hypha]]l system (containing only generative hyphae), and the hyphae have [[clamp connection]]s. These hyphae are initially thin-walled but become thick-walled in mature fruit bodies. The [[basidiospore|spores]] are cylindric.<ref name="Niemelä 2005"/>

==Sequencing==
''Rhodonia placenta'' had its [[genome sequencing|sequenced genome]] published in 2009. It has an "unusual repertoire" of extracellular [[glycoside hydrolase]]s—secreted enzymes that break down the [[Polysaccharide|complex sugars]] found in [[lignocellulose]].<ref name="Martinez 2009"/>

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em|refs=

<ref name="Fungorum synonymy">{{cite web |title=GSD Species Synonymy: ''Rhodonia placenta'' (Fr.) Niemelä, K.H. Larss. & Schigel, in Niemelä, Kinnunen, Schige & Larsson, Karstenia 45(2): 79 (2005) |url=http://www.speciesfungorum.org/GSD/GSDspecies.asp?RecordID=500979 |publisher=Species Fungorum. Kew Mycology |access-date=2017-06-12}}</ref>

<ref name="Martinez 2009">{{cite journal |vauthors=Martinez D, Challacombe J, Morgenstern I, Hibbett D, Schmoll M, Kubicek CP, Ferreira P, Ruiz-Duenas FJ, Martinez AT, Kersten P, Hammel KE, Vanden Wymelenberg A, Gaskell J, Lindquist E, Sabat G, Bondurant SS, Larrondo LF, Canessa P, Vicuna R, Yadav J, Doddapaneni H, Subramanian V, Pisabarro AG, Lavín JL, Oguiza JA, Master E, Henrissat B, Coutinho PM, Harris P, Magnuson JK, Baker SE, Bruno K, Kenealy W, Hoegger PJ, Kües U, Ramaiya P, Lucas S, Salamov A, Shapiro H, Tu H, Chee CL, Misra M, Xie G, Teter S, Yaver D, James T, Mokrejs M, Pospisek M, Grigoriev IV, Brettin T, Rokhsar D, Berka R, Cullen D |title=Genome, transcriptome, and secretome analysis of wood decay fungus ''Postia placenta'' supports unique mechanisms of lignocellulose conversion |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA |year=2009 |volume=106 |issue=6 |pages=1954–1959 |doi=10.1073/pnas.0809575106 |pmid=19193860 |pmc=2644145|bibcode=2009PNAS..106.1954M |doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="Niemelä 2005">{{cite journal |author1=Niemelä, T. |author2=Kinnunen, J. |author3=Larsson, K.H. |author4=Schigel, D.D. |author5=Larsson, E. |year=2005 |title=Genus revisions and new combinations of some North European polypores |journal=Karstenia |volume=45 |issue=2 |pages=75–80|doi=10.29203/ka.2005.406 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="Zhishu 1993">{{cite book |author1=Zhishu, B. |author2=Zheng, G. |author3=Taihui, L. |title=The Macrofungus Flora of China's Guangdong Province |publisher=Columbia University Press |location=New York, New York |year=1993 |page=196 }}</ref>
}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q54371042}}


[[Category:Fomitopsidaceae]]
[[Category:Fungi of China]]
[[Category:Fungi of Europe]]
[[Category:Fungi of North America]]
[[Category:Taxa described in 2005]]

Revision as of 01:30, 20 January 2024

Rhodonia placenta
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Polyporales
Family: Fomitopsidaceae
Genus: Rhodonia
Species:
R. placenta
Binomial name
Rhodonia placenta
(Fr.) Niemelä, K.H.Larss. & Schigel (2005)
Synonyms
List
  • Polyporus placenta Fr. (1861)
  • Physisporus placenta (Fr.) P. Karst. (1882)
  • Poria placenta (Fr.) Cooke (1886)
  • Leptoporus placenta (Fr.) Pat. (1900)
  • Ceriporiopsis placenta (Fr.) Domański (1963)
  • Tyromyces placenta (Fr.) Ryvarden (1973)
  • Oligoporus placenta (Fr.) Gilb. & Ryvarden (1985)
  • Postia placenta (Fr.) M.J. Larsen & Lombard (1986)
  • Poria incarnata Pers. (1794)
  • Boletus incarnatus (Pers.) Pers. (1801)
  • Polyporus incarnatus (Pers.) Fr. (1821)
  • Physisporus incarnatus (Pers.) Gillet (1878)
  • Caloporus incarnatus (Pers.) P.Karst. (1881)
  • Caloporia incarnata (Pers.) P.Karst. (1898)
  • Ceriporia incarnata (Pers.) Bondartsev (1953)
  • Bjerkandera roseomaculata P.Karst. (1891)
  • Polyporus roseomaculatus (P.Karst.) Sacc. (1895)
  • Ceriporiopsis placenta f. roseomaculata (P.Karst.) Domański (1965)
  • Physisporus albolilacinus P.Karst. (1892)
  • Poria albolilacina (P.Karst.) Sacc. (1895)
  • Poria monticola Murrill (1920)
  • Poria placenta f. monticola (Murrill) Domański (1972)
  • Poria carnicolor D.V.Baxter (1941)
  • Poria microspora Overh. (1943)
  • Ceriporiopsis placenta f. microspora Domański (1965)

Rhodonia placenta is a species of crust fungus in the family Fomitopsidaceae. A brown rot species, it is found in China, Europe, and North America, where it grows on decaying conifer wood.[1]

Taxonomy

The species has undergone several changes in generic placement since it was originally described as a species in the genus Polyporus by Elias Magnus Fries in 1861. Although formerly placed in the genus Oligoporus or Postia, molecular analysis has revealed that this species is phylogenetically distant from species in those genera, appearing instead in a separate clade near Antrodia.[2]

Synonymy

Rhodonia placenta has acquired an extensive synonymy in its taxonomic history. In addition to having been transferred to several polypore genera, it is considered to be the same species as Poria incarnata described by Christian Hendrik Persoon in 1794, as well as Petter Karsten's Bjerkandera roseomaculata (1891), and Physisporus albolilacinus (1892). Other taxonomic synonyms include William Alphonso Murrill's Poria monticola, Dow Baxter's Poria carnicolor (1941), and Lee Oras Overholts' Poria microspora (1943).[3]

Description

The fruiting body is spread out (effused) on its substrate, poroid, fairly thick, juicy and soft, with a pale rose or white colouring. It has a monomitic hyphal system (containing only generative hyphae), and the hyphae have clamp connections. These hyphae are initially thin-walled but become thick-walled in mature fruit bodies. The spores are cylindric.[2]

Sequencing

Rhodonia placenta had its sequenced genome published in 2009. It has an "unusual repertoire" of extracellular glycoside hydrolases—secreted enzymes that break down the complex sugars found in lignocellulose.[4]

References

  1. ^ Zhishu, B.; Zheng, G.; Taihui, L. (1993). The Macrofungus Flora of China's Guangdong Province. New York, New York: Columbia University Press. p. 196.
  2. ^ a b Niemelä, T.; Kinnunen, J.; Larsson, K.H.; Schigel, D.D.; Larsson, E. (2005). "Genus revisions and new combinations of some North European polypores". Karstenia. 45 (2): 75–80. doi:10.29203/ka.2005.406.
  3. ^ "GSD Species Synonymy: Rhodonia placenta (Fr.) Niemelä, K.H. Larss. & Schigel, in Niemelä, Kinnunen, Schige & Larsson, Karstenia 45(2): 79 (2005)". Species Fungorum. Kew Mycology. Retrieved 2017-06-12.
  4. ^ Martinez D, Challacombe J, Morgenstern I, Hibbett D, Schmoll M, Kubicek CP, Ferreira P, Ruiz-Duenas FJ, Martinez AT, Kersten P, Hammel KE, Vanden Wymelenberg A, Gaskell J, Lindquist E, Sabat G, Bondurant SS, Larrondo LF, Canessa P, Vicuna R, Yadav J, Doddapaneni H, Subramanian V, Pisabarro AG, Lavín JL, Oguiza JA, Master E, Henrissat B, Coutinho PM, Harris P, Magnuson JK, Baker SE, Bruno K, Kenealy W, Hoegger PJ, Kües U, Ramaiya P, Lucas S, Salamov A, Shapiro H, Tu H, Chee CL, Misra M, Xie G, Teter S, Yaver D, James T, Mokrejs M, Pospisek M, Grigoriev IV, Brettin T, Rokhsar D, Berka R, Cullen D (2009). "Genome, transcriptome, and secretome analysis of wood decay fungus Postia placenta supports unique mechanisms of lignocellulose conversion". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA. 106 (6): 1954–1959. Bibcode:2009PNAS..106.1954M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0809575106. PMC 2644145. PMID 19193860.
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