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{{Short description|none}}
{{Short description|none}}
{{Refimprove|date=September 2023}}

{{Year in Canada|1797}}
{{Year in Canada|1797}}
{{History of Canada}}
{{History of Canada}}
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==Incumbents==
==Incumbents==
*[[List of Canadian monarchs|Monarch]]: [[George III]]
*[[List of Canadian monarchs|Monarch]]: [[George III]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Kings and Queens of Canada |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/canadian-heritage/services/royal-family/kings-queens.html#e2 |website=aem |access-date=24 February 2021 |date=11 August 2017}}</ref>


===Federal government===
===Federal government===
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===Governors===
===Governors===
*[[Governor General of the Province of Canada|Governor of the Canadas]]: [[Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester]]
*[[Governor General of the Province of Canada|Governor of the Canadas]]: [[Robert Prescott]]
*[[List of lieutenant governors of New Brunswick|Governor of New Brunswick]]: [[Thomas Carleton]]
*[[List of lieutenant governors of New Brunswick|Governor of New Brunswick]]: [[Thomas Carleton]]
*[[Governor of Nova Scotia]]: [[John Wentworth (governor)|John Wentworth]]
*[[Governor of Nova Scotia]]: [[John Wentworth (governor)|John Wentworth]]
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* [[David Thompson (explorer)|David Thompson]] leaves [[Hudson's Bay Company]] to join [[North West Company]].
* [[David Thompson (explorer)|David Thompson]] leaves [[Hudson's Bay Company]] to join [[North West Company]].
* January 18 – This notice appears in the Quebec ''Gazette'': "A mail for the upper counties, comprehending Niagara and Detroit, will be closed, at this office, on Monday, 30th instant, at four o'clock in the evening, to be forwarded, from Montreal, by the annual winter express, on Thursday, 2 February next."{{Citation needed|date=October 2017}}
* January 18 – This notice appears in the Quebec ''Gazette'': "A mail for the upper counties, comprehending Niagara and Detroit, will be closed, at this office, on Monday, 30th instant, at four o'clock in the evening, to be forwarded, from Montreal, by the annual winter express, on Thursday, 2 February next."{{Citation needed|date=October 2017}}
* July 21 – [[American people|American]] [[David McLane (merchant)|David McLane]], being convicted of high treason, is hanged on a gibbet on the glacis of the fortifications at [[Quebec]]. (Note: possibly 1796)
* July 21 – [[American people|American]] [[David McLane (merchant)|David McLane]], being convicted of high treason, is hanged on a gibbet on the glacis of the fortifications at [[Quebec]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Galarneau |first=Claude |date=1979 |title=McLANE, DAVID |url=http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/mclane_david_4E.html|access-date=May 12, 2023 |website=Dictionary of Canadian Biography |publisher=University of Toronto}}</ref>


==Births==
==Births==
Line 39: Line 41:


==Historical documents==
==Historical documents==
With [[Aroostook War#Disputed border|Maine–New Brunswick border]] commission's arrival, writer favourably compares this way of "settling national contests to that of the Bayonet!"<ref>"Boston, August 5," The St. John Gazette and Weekly Advertiser, Volume XII, [https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=QhmGFXoqNHAC&dat=17970818&printsec=frontpage Number 587] (August 18, 1797), pg. 2 of 2 (lefthand page, 3rd column). (See also [https://web.lib.unb.ca/winslow/fullrecord.cgi?id=1208&level=2 poem] describing this border and rest of boundaries with U.S.A.) Accessed 26 January 2024</ref>
⚫
Report of the settlement of [[Maroon (people)|Maroons]] in [[Nova Scotia]], April 21, 1797<ref>Lieutenant Governor John Wentworth, [https://novascotia.ca/archives/Africanns/archives.asp?ID=55 "Wentworth report on the Maroons"] African Nova Scotians in the Age of Slavery and Abolition, Nova Scotia Archives. Accessed 8 October 2017</ref>


Border commission member [[Edward Winslow (loyalist)|Edward Winslow]] writes in spirit of reconciliation to U.S. friends from before his [[Loyalist (American Revolution)#Emigration from the United States|exile at end of American Revolutionary War]]<ref>Letter of Edward Winslow (August 17, 1797), ''Winslow Papers; A.D. 1776-1826'', pgs. 424-5 (PDF pg. 434). (See also letter (pg. 427; PDF 437) from fellow Loyalist who misses his "good old friends") Accessed 7 February 2024</ref>
⚫
Chief [[Joseph Brant#After the war|Joseph Brant]] complains that inability to sell or rent out [[Six Nations of the Grand River|Grand River lands]] [[Haldimand Proclamation|granted his people]] makes their future insecure<ref>[https://heritage.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.lac_reel_c10996/226?r=0&s=4 Excerpts of letters of Joseph Brant to John Johnson and James Green (December 10, 1797)] Indian Affairs; Lieutenant-Governor's Office - Upper Canada; Correspondence, 1796-1806, pgs. 190-6 (HTML pgs. 226-32). Accessed 25 January 2021</ref>

===Lower Canada===
Anyone accused of [[Treason#History|high treason]] or [[Misprision of treason|misprision]] or suspicion of high treason or "Treasonable practices" shall be jailed without [[bail]] for 1 year<ref>[https://bnald.lib.unb.ca/legislation/act-better-preservation-his-majestys-government-law-happily-established-province-2d-may An Act for the better preservation of His Majesty's Government as by Law happily established in this Province] (May 2, 1797), 37 George III Chapter 6, British North American Legislative Database, 1758-1867. Accessed 26 January 2024</ref>

[[David McLane (merchant)|David McLane]] is convicted of treason after 14-hour trial and sentenced to death (Note: graphic description of method of execution)<ref>"Quebec, Tuesday, July 11," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4268011 Num. 1677] Cahier 1 (July 13, 1797), pgs. 1–2. (See details of proceedings in next issues of The Quebec Gazette (in English and then French) and in [https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.36953/6 ''The Trial of David McLane for High Treason''; see also [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4268019 report] (pg. 3) from New York newspaper of conspiracy against Canada, and also [https://ia800306.us.archive.org/3/items/winslowpapersad100raymuoft/winslowpapersad100raymuoft.pdf opinion] (pg. 427; PDF 437) that French Canadians are quieter and more submissive since McLane execution) Accessed 2 February 2024</ref>

Proclamation forbids [[Trespass to land|trespassing]] on [[Land ownership in Canada#History of land distribution|crown land]] and township [[clergy reserve]] lots, and requires unauthorized settlers to vacate them<ref>"By His Excellency Robert Prescott[....]" (August 22, 1797), The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4268025 Num. 1684] Cahier 1 (August 31, 1797), pg. 1. Accessed 2 February 2024</ref>

Two [[Royal Navy#Age of Sail|Royal Navy]] commanders are "much flattered" by [[Sea captain|masters]] of 16 merchant ships thanking them for [[convoy]] duty "during a long and tedious traverse"<ref>"Quebec, August 24," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4268023 Num. 1683] Cahier 1 (August 24, 1797), pg. 3. Accessed 2 February 2024</ref>

[[Public libraries in North America#Canada|Quebec City library]] just opened to public is "where books are let to read by the year, half year, quarter, month, or single volume"<ref>"Circulating Library" (September 13, 1797), The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4268029 Num. 1686] Cahier 1 (September 14, 1797), pg. 3. Accessed 2 February 2024</ref>

[[Midwifery#Modern history|Midwife]] Mrs. Hebert of [[British Lying-In Hospital|Lying-in-Hospital London]] gives evidence of "her ability[,] Judgement and experience" on Montreal medical board examination<ref>"Advertisement," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4268029 Num. 1686] Cahier 1 (September 14, 1797), pg. 3. Accessed 2 February 2024</ref>

===Upper Canada===
Anyone who has, over past 7 years, lived or been subject in any country now at [[War of the First Coalition#1797|war]] with Britain can be forced to leave U.C. on 24 hours' notice<ref>[https://bnald.lib.unb.ca/legislation/act-better-securing-province-against-kings-enemies An Act for the better securing of the Province against the King’s Enemies] (1797), 37 George III Chapter 1, British North American Legislative Database, 1758-1867. Accessed 26 January 2024</ref>

"Principal Chiefs, Warriors and People of the [[Mississaugas|Mississague Nation]]" sell 3,450 acres at western end of [[Lake Ontario#Human history|Lake Ontario]] to British for £75 [[Coins_of_the_pound_sterling#System|2/6]] in goods<ref>[https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1370372152585/1581293792285#ucls7 Treaty No. 8] (1797), Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada. Accessed 5 February 2024</ref>

[[Joseph Brant#After the war|Joseph Brant]] and [[John Deseronto#Post-war years|John Deserontyon]] negotiate compensation of $1,000 (plus $600 expenses) from New York for [[Mohawk people|Kanien’kéhà:ka]] lands lost there<ref>[https://wardepartmentpapers.org/s/home/item/56987 "Treaty with the Mohawk Nation of Indians"] (March 29, 1797), Papers of the War Department; 1784-1800. Accessed 26 January 2024</ref>

Woman's land grants based on her [[American Revolutionary War|wartime]] service carrying [[wikt:dispatch#English|dispatches]] between British army units, including "three times thro [sic] the Rebel army"<ref>"Moody, Mary" (April 4, 1797), [https://sites.google.com/site/niagarasettlers/upper-canada-land-petitions/petitions-m/petitions-molyneux-to Land Petitions of the Niagara Settlers "Molyneux to Morris"] Accessed 6 February 2024</ref>

[[Militia#Canada|Militia]] major's son and daughters, "bred up on a better line of Life," want land grant because only that can make "them Independent & [[Social status|Respectable]]"<ref>"Turney, George; Undated[...]Petition of George, Jeanny and Nancy Turney[....]" (received February 4, 1797), [https://sites.google.com/site/niagarasettlers/upper-canada-land-petitions/petitions-t/petitions-turney-to-tyler Land Petitions of the Niagara Settlers "Turney to Tyler"] (See also successful petition of their mother, Mary Turney (on this page)) Accessed 6 February 2024</ref>

[[Executive Council of Upper Canada|Council]] president [[Peter Russell (politician)#Politics|Peter Russell]] is against idea of granting land to wives of [[Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada|Assembly]] members because it might appear to be [[bribery]] by government<ref>[https://digitalarchive.tpl.ca/objects/336971/diary-concerning-land-granting-in-upper-canada# Peter Russell diary entry] (July 1, 1797), Toronto Public Library. Accessed 27 December 2023</ref>

New [[Law Society of Ontario|Law Society of Upper Canada]] is to maintain order among lawyers and create "learned and honorable body to assist their fellow subjects"<ref>[https://bnald.lib.unb.ca/legislation/act-better-regulating-practice-law An Act for better regulating the Practice of the Law] (1797), 37 George III Chapter 13, British North American Legislative Database, 1758-1867. Accessed 26 January 2024</ref>

⚫
[[Joseph Brant#After the war|Joseph Brant]] complains that inability to sell or rent out [[Haldimand Proclamation|Grand River lands granted his people]] makes their future insecure<ref>[https://heritage.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.lac_reel_c10996/226?r=0&s=4 Excerpts of letters of Joseph Brant to John Johnson and James Green] (December 10, 1797), Indian Affairs; Lieutenant-Governor's Office - Upper Canada; Correspondence, 1796-1806, pgs. 190-6 (frames 226-32). Accessed 8 February 2024</ref>

===Nova Scotia===
Wet, cold weather has made growing "[[Maize#Names|Indian corn]]" not practical, so farmer advises growers to plant [[Buckwheat#Cultivation|buckwheat]] on sandy soil for almost as good profit<ref>"For the Centinel; To Farmers," The Royal Gazette: and the Nova-Scotia Advertiser, Vol. VIII, [https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=YFjsv_pBGBYC&dat=17970613&printsec=frontpage No. 463] (June 13, 1797), pg. 3 (left column). Accessed 31 January 2024</ref>

[[Sir John Wentworth, 1st Baronet#Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia|Lt. Gov. John Wentworth]] reports on "extremely distress'd and perishing State of the Indians," who have lost both [[potato]] crop and hunting grounds<ref>John Wentworth, [https://novascotia.ca/archives/Africanns/archives.asp?ID=55 "Wentworth report on the Maroons"] (April 21, 1797), pgs. 5-7, Nova Scotia Archives. Accessed 5 February 2024</ref>

⚫
Wentworth reports [[Jamaican_Maroons|Maroons]] in Nova Scotia are undisciplined complainers, but can be taught to be productive and successful<ref>John Wentworth, [https://novascotia.ca/archives/Africanns/archives.asp?ID=55 "Wentworth report on the Maroons"] (April 21, 1797), pgs. 2-5, Nova Scotia Archives. Accessed 5 February 2024</ref>

After many years on land not granted them, 8 [[Acadians]] petition for "Lands + small Marshes" in [[Municipality of the District of Guysborough|Guysborough]]; move is allowed "until further orders"<ref>[https://archives.novascotia.ca/land-papers/archives/?ID=1786&Doc=memorial "Roie (Roy, Roi), Freeman and Others – 1797 – Guysborough County"] (May 27, 1797), Nova Scotia Archives. Accessed 31 January 2024</ref>

German language religious books for sale, including [[Hymn#Development of Christian_hymnody|hymns used by Protestant Lutheran]] congregations and [[Psalms#Lutheran and Reformed usage|psalms used by Reformed Protestants]]<ref>"To be had of the Printer[....]," The Royal Gazette: and the Nova-Scotia Advertiser, Vol. VIII, [https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=YFjsv_pBGBYC&dat=17970214&printsec=frontpage No. 446] (February 14, 1797), pg. 3 (right column). Accessed 29 January 2024</ref>

[[Lightning#Effects|Lightning]] from widespread and powerful [[thunderstorm]] strikes [[Granville_Centre,_Nova_Scotia|Granville]] barn, blowing boards 100 feet upwind and forcing many 1 foot into the ground<ref>"Extract of a letter from a Gentleman at Annapolis[....]" (June 16, 1797), The Royal Gazette: and the Nova-Scotia Advertiser, Vol. VIII, [https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=YFjsv_pBGBYC&dat=17970627&printsec=frontpage No. 465] (June 27, 1797), pg. 3 (centre column). Accessed 31 January 2024</ref>

===New Brunswick===
[[Letter to the editor|Letter-to-the-editor]] warns of sickness and death caused by [[quackery]] of practitioners without least knowledge of [[Medicine#Modern|medicine]]<ref>"To the Printer of the Saint John Gazette," [https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=QhmGFXoqNHAC&dat=17971006&printsec=frontpage The St. John Gazette and Weekly Advertiser] Volume XII, Number 595 (October 13, 1797), pg. 4 of 11 (righthand page). Accessed 29 January 2024</ref>
-----------------
Advertisement promotes [[History of Saint John, New Brunswick#British colony (1758%E2%80%931867)|Saint John]] dancing school, instruction in [[fencing]] and [[Basket-hilted sword|broadsword]] and lessons on [[fortepiano]], [[harpsichord]] and [[spinet]]<ref>"Dancing School" (August 18, 1797), The St. John Gazette and Weekly Advertiser, Volume XII, [https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=QhmGFXoqNHAC&dat=17970818&printsec=frontpage Number 587] (August 18, 1797), pg. 2 of 2 (lefthand page, 3rd column). Accessed 26 January 2024</ref>

===Hudson's Bay Company===
[[Hudson's Bay Company#18th century|Hudson's Bay Company]] traders reach [[Assiniboine River]] via [[York Factory#History|York Factory]] and [[Swan River (Manitoba–Saskatchewan)|Swan River]] 1 month before [[North West Company]] traders can arrive<ref>John MacDonell, Some Account of the Red River, ca. 1797 (Contemporary Copy transcript), [https://digital.library.mcgill.ca/nwc/data/Mftp/0035/5_tei2web/Pg018.html Page #18 of 34] McGill Library. Accessed 6 February 2024</ref>

Fur trader [[Donald Mackay (fur trader)|Donald Mackay]] reports seeing 93 North West Company canoes headed for [[Grand Portage National Monument#Grand Portage|Grand Portage]] with more than 125,000 "[[made beaver]]"<ref>Joseph Colen, "Nov'r 1 [1797]", [https://pam.minisisinc.com/DIGITALOBJECTS/Access/HBCA%20Microfilm/1M161/B239-A-101.pdf "York Factory - Post Journal; 1797-1799] PDF frames 11–13, Archives of Manitoba. (See also [http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/mackay_donald_6E.html Mackay biography]) Accessed 7 February 2024</ref>

Joseph Colen describes low stock of food at [[Fort Severn First Nation#History|Fort Severn]] from "scarcity of game," which necessitates rationing and threatens "Natives" with starvation<ref>Letter of Joseph Colen (April 3, 1797), [https://pam.minisisinc.com/DIGITALOBJECTS/Access/HBCA%20Microfilm/1M135/B198-A-55.pdf "Severn - Post Journal] (1796-7; 1809-10), PDF frames 29–31, Archives of Manitoba. Accessed 7 February 2024</ref>

===Elsewhere===
As [[epidemic]] causes many [[Nunatsiavut|Labrador Inuit]] deaths, [[Moravian Church#Missions|Moravian missionaries]] find both their [[Conversion to Christianity|converts]] and "wild heathen" turning to "[[Traditional medicine#Folk medicine|sorcerers]]" for relief<ref>[https://collections.mun.ca/digital/collection/cns_permorv/id/32426/rec/2 "Letters(...)from the Settlements on the Coast of Labrador"] (Okkak, August 7, 1797), ''1797-1800, vol. 02: Periodical accounts relating to the missions of the Church of the United Brethren established among the heathen'', pgs. 123-4 (frames 129-30), Memorial University of Newfoundland. (See also similar news from Nain (frames 135-6)) Accessed 5 February 2024</ref>
-----------------
After 2 weeks on [[Lake Winnipeg#History|Lake Winnipeg]] (paddling 40+ miles some days), waves swamp [[Donald Mackay (fur trader)|Donald Mackay]]'s canoe, but he saves his [[Marriage à la façon du pays|wife]], baby and her sister<ref>Donald Mackay, "25 [July 1797]," [https://pam.minisisinc.com/DIGITALOBJECTS/Access/HBCA%20Microfilm/1M9/B3-A-100.pdf "Journal of Occurrences on a Journey from Albany Factory to York Factory(....)"] PDF frames 14–15, Archives of Manitoba. Accessed 2 February 2024</ref>
-----------------
"[N]otwithstanding the appearances of peace, almost all the [[European balance of power#Stately quadrille|Powers of Europe]] make preparations for war with the greatest celerity"<ref>"Quebec, Wednesday, August 30; From Paris[....]," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4268025 Num. 1684] Cahier 1 (August 31, 1797), pg. 3. Accessed 2 February 2024</ref>
-----------------
[[Chatham Dockyard]] is to build [[Ship of the line#Evolution of design|98-gun ship]] wholly of [[Quercus robur#Taxonomy|English oak]] and with "newest improvements of [[naval architecture]]"<ref>"London, July 2; The keel[....]," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4268029 Num. 1686] Cahier 1 (September 14, 1797), pg. 2. Accessed 2 February 2024</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Canadian history}}
{{Canadian history}}
{{BNA year nav}}
{{BNA year nav}}
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[[Category:1797 by country|Canada]]
[[Category:1797 by country|Canada]]
[[Category:Years of the 18th century in Canada|97]]
[[Category:Years of the 18th century in Canada|97]]


{{Canada-hist-stub}}

Latest revision as of 20:16, 9 February 2024

←

1797
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See also:
Part of a series on the
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Events from the year 1797 in Canada.

Incumbents

[edit]

Federal government

[edit]

Governors

[edit]

Events

[edit]
  • David Thompson leaves Hudson's Bay Company to join North West Company.
  • January 18 – This notice appears in the Quebec Gazette: "A mail for the upper counties, comprehending Niagara and Detroit, will be closed, at this office, on Monday, 30th instant, at four o'clock in the evening, to be forwarded, from Montreal, by the annual winter express, on Thursday, 2 February next."[citation needed]
  • July 21 – American David McLane, being convicted of high treason, is hanged on a gibbet on the glacis of the fortifications at Quebec.[2]

Births

[edit]

Deaths

[edit]

Historical documents

[edit]

With Maine–New Brunswick border commission's arrival, writer favourably compares this way of "settling national contests to that of the Bayonet!"[3]

Border commission member Edward Winslow writes in spirit of reconciliation to U.S. friends from before his exile at end of American Revolutionary War[4]

Lower Canada

[edit]

Anyone accused of high treason or misprision or suspicion of high treason or "Treasonable practices" shall be jailed without bail for 1 year[5]

David McLane is convicted of treason after 14-hour trial and sentenced to death (Note: graphic description of method of execution)[6]

Proclamation forbids trespassing on crown land and township clergy reserve lots, and requires unauthorized settlers to vacate them[7]

Two Royal Navy commanders are "much flattered" by masters of 16 merchant ships thanking them for convoy duty "during a long and tedious traverse"[8]

Quebec City library just opened to public is "where books are let to read by the year, half year, quarter, month, or single volume"[9]

Midwife Mrs. Hebert of Lying-in-Hospital London gives evidence of "her ability[,] Judgement and experience" on Montreal medical board examination[10]

Upper Canada

[edit]

Anyone who has, over past 7 years, lived or been subject in any country now at war with Britain can be forced to leave U.C. on 24 hours' notice[11]

"Principal Chiefs, Warriors and People of the Mississague Nation" sell 3,450 acres at western end of Lake Ontario to British for £75 2/6 in goods[12]

Joseph Brant and John Deserontyon negotiate compensation of $1,000 (plus $600 expenses) from New York for Kanien’kéhà:ka lands lost there[13]

Woman's land grants based on her wartime service carrying dispatches between British army units, including "three times thro [sic] the Rebel army"[14]

Militia major's son and daughters, "bred up on a better line of Life," want land grant because only that can make "them Independent & Respectable"[15]

Council president Peter Russell is against idea of granting land to wives of Assembly members because it might appear to be bribery by government[16]

New Law Society of Upper Canada is to maintain order among lawyers and create "learned and honorable body to assist their fellow subjects"[17]

Joseph Brant complains that inability to sell or rent out Grand River lands granted his people makes their future insecure[18]

Nova Scotia

[edit]

Wet, cold weather has made growing "Indian corn" not practical, so farmer advises growers to plant buckwheat on sandy soil for almost as good profit[19]

Lt. Gov. John Wentworth reports on "extremely distress'd and perishing State of the Indians," who have lost both potato crop and hunting grounds[20]

Wentworth reports Maroons in Nova Scotia are undisciplined complainers, but can be taught to be productive and successful[21]

After many years on land not granted them, 8 Acadians petition for "Lands + small Marshes" in Guysborough; move is allowed "until further orders"[22]

German language religious books for sale, including hymns used by Protestant Lutheran congregations and psalms used by Reformed Protestants[23]

Lightning from widespread and powerful thunderstorm strikes Granville barn, blowing boards 100 feet upwind and forcing many 1 foot into the ground[24]

New Brunswick

[edit]

Letter-to-the-editor warns of sickness and death caused by quackery of practitioners without least knowledge of medicine[25]

Advertisement promotes Saint John dancing school, instruction in fencing and broadsword and lessons on fortepiano, harpsichord and spinet[26]

Hudson's Bay Company

[edit]

Hudson's Bay Company traders reach Assiniboine River via York Factory and Swan River 1 month before North West Company traders can arrive[27]

Fur trader Donald Mackay reports seeing 93 North West Company canoes headed for Grand Portage with more than 125,000 "made beaver"[28]

Joseph Colen describes low stock of food at Fort Severn from "scarcity of game," which necessitates rationing and threatens "Natives" with starvation[29]

Elsewhere

[edit]

As epidemic causes many Labrador Inuit deaths, Moravian missionaries find both their converts and "wild heathen" turning to "sorcerers" for relief[30]

After 2 weeks on Lake Winnipeg (paddling 40+ miles some days), waves swamp Donald Mackay's canoe, but he saves his wife, baby and her sister[31]

"[N]otwithstanding the appearances of peace, almost all the Powers of Europe make preparations for war with the greatest celerity"[32]

Chatham Dockyard is to build 98-gun ship wholly of English oak and with "newest improvements of naval architecture"[33]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Kings and Queens of Canada". aem. 11 August 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
  2. ^ Galarneau, Claude (1979). "McLANE, DAVID". Dictionary of Canadian Biography. University of Toronto. Retrieved May 12, 2023.
  3. ^ "Boston, August 5," The St. John Gazette and Weekly Advertiser, Volume XII, Number 587 (August 18, 1797), pg. 2 of 2 (lefthand page, 3rd column). (See also poem describing this border and rest of boundaries with U.S.A.) Accessed 26 January 2024
  4. ^ Letter of Edward Winslow (August 17, 1797), Winslow Papers; A.D. 1776-1826, pgs. 424-5 (PDF pg. 434). (See also letter (pg. 427; PDF 437) from fellow Loyalist who misses his "good old friends") Accessed 7 February 2024
  5. ^ An Act for the better preservation of His Majesty's Government as by Law happily established in this Province (May 2, 1797), 37 George III Chapter 6, British North American Legislative Database, 1758-1867. Accessed 26 January 2024
  6. ^ "Quebec, Tuesday, July 11," The Quebec Gazette, Num. 1677 Cahier 1 (July 13, 1797), pgs. 1–2. (See details of proceedings in next issues of The Quebec Gazette (in English and then French) and in The Trial of David McLane for High Treason; see also [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4268019 report (pg. 3) from New York newspaper of conspiracy against Canada, and also opinion (pg. 427; PDF 437) that French Canadians are quieter and more submissive since McLane execution) Accessed 2 February 2024
  7. ^ "By His Excellency Robert Prescott[....]" (August 22, 1797), The Quebec Gazette, Num. 1684 Cahier 1 (August 31, 1797), pg. 1. Accessed 2 February 2024
  8. ^ "Quebec, August 24," The Quebec Gazette, Num. 1683 Cahier 1 (August 24, 1797), pg. 3. Accessed 2 February 2024
  9. ^ "Circulating Library" (September 13, 1797), The Quebec Gazette, Num. 1686 Cahier 1 (September 14, 1797), pg. 3. Accessed 2 February 2024
  10. ^ "Advertisement," The Quebec Gazette, Num. 1686 Cahier 1 (September 14, 1797), pg. 3. Accessed 2 February 2024
  11. ^ An Act for the better securing of the Province against the King’s Enemies (1797), 37 George III Chapter 1, British North American Legislative Database, 1758-1867. Accessed 26 January 2024
  12. ^ Treaty No. 8 (1797), Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada. Accessed 5 February 2024
  13. ^ "Treaty with the Mohawk Nation of Indians" (March 29, 1797), Papers of the War Department; 1784-1800. Accessed 26 January 2024
  14. ^ "Moody, Mary" (April 4, 1797), Land Petitions of the Niagara Settlers "Molyneux to Morris" Accessed 6 February 2024
  15. ^ "Turney, George; Undated[...]Petition of George, Jeanny and Nancy Turney[....]" (received February 4, 1797), Land Petitions of the Niagara Settlers "Turney to Tyler" (See also successful petition of their mother, Mary Turney (on this page)) Accessed 6 February 2024
  16. ^ Peter Russell diary entry (July 1, 1797), Toronto Public Library. Accessed 27 December 2023
  17. ^ An Act for better regulating the Practice of the Law (1797), 37 George III Chapter 13, British North American Legislative Database, 1758-1867. Accessed 26 January 2024
  18. ^ Excerpts of letters of Joseph Brant to John Johnson and James Green (December 10, 1797), Indian Affairs; Lieutenant-Governor's Office - Upper Canada; Correspondence, 1796-1806, pgs. 190-6 (frames 226-32). Accessed 8 February 2024
  19. ^ "For the Centinel; To Farmers," The Royal Gazette: and the Nova-Scotia Advertiser, Vol. VIII, No. 463 (June 13, 1797), pg. 3 (left column). Accessed 31 January 2024
  20. ^ John Wentworth, "Wentworth report on the Maroons" (April 21, 1797), pgs. 5-7, Nova Scotia Archives. Accessed 5 February 2024
  21. ^ John Wentworth, "Wentworth report on the Maroons" (April 21, 1797), pgs. 2-5, Nova Scotia Archives. Accessed 5 February 2024
  22. ^ "Roie (Roy, Roi), Freeman and Others – 1797 – Guysborough County" (May 27, 1797), Nova Scotia Archives. Accessed 31 January 2024
  23. ^ "To be had of the Printer[....]," The Royal Gazette: and the Nova-Scotia Advertiser, Vol. VIII, No. 446 (February 14, 1797), pg. 3 (right column). Accessed 29 January 2024
  24. ^ "Extract of a letter from a Gentleman at Annapolis[....]" (June 16, 1797), The Royal Gazette: and the Nova-Scotia Advertiser, Vol. VIII, No. 465 (June 27, 1797), pg. 3 (centre column). Accessed 31 January 2024
  25. ^ "To the Printer of the Saint John Gazette," The St. John Gazette and Weekly Advertiser Volume XII, Number 595 (October 13, 1797), pg. 4 of 11 (righthand page). Accessed 29 January 2024
  26. ^ "Dancing School" (August 18, 1797), The St. John Gazette and Weekly Advertiser, Volume XII, Number 587 (August 18, 1797), pg. 2 of 2 (lefthand page, 3rd column). Accessed 26 January 2024
  27. ^ John MacDonell, Some Account of the Red River, ca. 1797 (Contemporary Copy transcript), Page #18 of 34 McGill Library. Accessed 6 February 2024
  28. ^ Joseph Colen, "Nov'r 1 [1797]", "York Factory - Post Journal; 1797-1799 PDF frames 11–13, Archives of Manitoba. (See also Mackay biography) Accessed 7 February 2024
  29. ^ Letter of Joseph Colen (April 3, 1797), "Severn - Post Journal (1796-7; 1809-10), PDF frames 29–31, Archives of Manitoba. Accessed 7 February 2024
  30. ^ "Letters(...)from the Settlements on the Coast of Labrador" (Okkak, August 7, 1797), 1797-1800, vol. 02: Periodical accounts relating to the missions of the Church of the United Brethren established among the heathen, pgs. 123-4 (frames 129-30), Memorial University of Newfoundland. (See also similar news from Nain (frames 135-6)) Accessed 5 February 2024
  31. ^ Donald Mackay, "25 [July 1797]," "Journal of Occurrences on a Journey from Albany Factory to York Factory(....)" PDF frames 14–15, Archives of Manitoba. Accessed 2 February 2024
  32. ^ "Quebec, Wednesday, August 30; From Paris[....]," The Quebec Gazette, Num. 1684 Cahier 1 (August 31, 1797), pg. 3. Accessed 2 February 2024
  33. ^ "London, July 2; The keel[....]," The Quebec Gazette, Num. 1686 Cahier 1 (September 14, 1797), pg. 2. Accessed 2 February 2024
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