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'''Vostok''' 2022 ({{lang-ru|Восток 2022|lit=East 2022}}) was a large-scale [[Russia|Russian]] military exercise held the Russian [[Eastern Military District]] (encompassing [[Siberia]] and the country's Far East, including the [[Sea of Japan]] and the [[Sea of Okhotsk]]) from September 1 to September 7, 2022.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Kasonta |first=Adriel |date=2022-09-22 |title=Vostok 2022: the military convergence of Eurasia |url=http://asiatimes.com/2022/09/vostok-2022-the-military-convergence-of-eurasia/ |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=Asia Times |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Russia to Hold Sweeping Joint War Games With China, India, Others |url=https://thediplomat.com/2022/08/russia-to-hold-sweeping-joint-war-games-with-china-india-others/ |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=thediplomat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
'''Vostok''' 2022 ({{lang-ru|Восток 2022|lit=East 2022}}) was a large-scale [[Russia|Russian]] military exercise held the Russian [[Eastern Military District]] (encompassing [[Siberia]] and the country's Far East, including the [[Sea of Japan]] and the [[Sea of Okhotsk]]) from September 1 to September 7, 2022.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Kasonta |first=Adriel |date=2022-09-22 |title=Vostok 2022: the military convergence of Eurasia |url=http://asiatimes.com/2022/09/vostok-2022-the-military-convergence-of-eurasia/ |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=Asia Times |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Russia to Hold Sweeping Joint War Games With China, India, Others |url=https://thediplomat.com/2022/08/russia-to-hold-sweeping-joint-war-games-with-china-india-others/ |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=thediplomat.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Vostok 2022: Has Russia Learned From Setbacks in Ukraine? |url=https://jamestown.org/program/vostok-2022-has-russia-learned-from-setbacks-in-ukraine/ |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=Jamestown |language=en-US}}</ref>


It was supervised by the Chief of the General Staff of the Russian Federation general [[Valery Gerasimov]]. A total of 13 countries took part in the exercise, which, in addition to Russia, included China, India, Belarus, Armenia, Algeria, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Syria, Nicaragua, Laos, Mongolia and Tajikistan. The Chinse contingent was the second largest after the Russian one, and the largest and most comprehensive contingent China ever sent to Russian excercises.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=China and India among countries taking part in Russia’s Vostok-2022 |url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/china/china-and-india-vostok-09012022070355.html |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=Radio Free Asia |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2022-09-10 |title=Signs of China-Russia military trust in Vostok 2022 war games: observers |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3192074/signs-china-russia-military-trust-vostok-2022-war-games |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=South China Morning Post |language=en}}</ref> It was composed of approximatley 2,000 soldiers, 300 vehicles, 21 planes and 3 ships from the [[Northern Theater Command]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=China sends over 2,000 troops to Vostok-2022 exercises - China Military |url=http://eng.chinamil.com.cn/ARMEDFORCES/NorthernTheaterCommand/News_209129/16011678.html |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=eng.chinamil.com.cn}}</ref> The Indian contingent was made up of elements of [[7th Gurkha Rifles|7th]] and [[8th Gorkha Rifles]], estimated to be about 75 soldiers strong.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Haidar |first=Dinakar Peri & Suhasini |date=2022-09-01 |title=Vostok-2022 commences in Russia with India, China participating |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/vostok-2022-commences-in-russia-with-india-china-participating/article65836530.ece |access-date=2024-03-28 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=India Sending Troops to Russian Vostok 2022 Exercise |url=https://thediplomat.com/2022/08/india-sending-troops-to-russian-vostok-2022-exercise/ |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=thediplomat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
It was supervised by the Chief of the General Staff of the Russian Federation general [[Valery Gerasimov]]. A total of 13 countries took part in the exercise, which, in addition to Russia, included China, India, Belarus, Armenia, Algeria, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Syria, Nicaragua, Laos, Mongolia and Tajikistan. The Chinse contingent was the second largest after the Russian one, and the largest and most comprehensive contingent China ever sent to Russian excercises.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=China and India among countries taking part in Russia’s Vostok-2022 |url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/china/china-and-india-vostok-09012022070355.html |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=Radio Free Asia |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2022-09-10 |title=Signs of China-Russia military trust in Vostok 2022 war games: observers |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3192074/signs-china-russia-military-trust-vostok-2022-war-games |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=South China Morning Post |language=en}}</ref> It was composed of approximatley 2,000 soldiers, 300 vehicles, 21 planes and 3 ships from the [[Northern Theater Command]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=China sends over 2,000 troops to Vostok-2022 exercises - China Military |url=http://eng.chinamil.com.cn/ARMEDFORCES/NorthernTheaterCommand/News_209129/16011678.html |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=eng.chinamil.com.cn}}</ref> The Indian contingent was made up of elements of [[7th Gurkha Rifles|7th]] and [[8th Gorkha Rifles]], estimated to be about 75 soldiers strong.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Haidar |first=Dinakar Peri & Suhasini |date=2022-09-01 |title=Vostok-2022 commences in Russia with India, China participating |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/vostok-2022-commences-in-russia-with-india-china-participating/article65836530.ece |access-date=2024-03-28 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=India Sending Troops to Russian Vostok 2022 Exercise |url=https://thediplomat.com/2022/08/india-sending-troops-to-russian-vostok-2022-exercise/ |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=thediplomat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>


The Russian minister of defence [[Sergei Shoigu]] claimed that the excercise would involve over 300,000 soldiers which would make it Russia's biggest military excercise to date, but that estimate was said to be inflated.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Russia’s army is in a woeful state |url=https://www.economist.com/briefing/how-deep-does-the-rot-in-the-russian-army-go/21808989 |access-date=2024-03-28 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> According to the [[Ministry of Defence (Russia)|Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation]], over 50 thousand military personnel, more than 5 thousand units of weapons and military equipment, including 140 aircraft, 60 warships, boats and support vessels were supposed to participate in the excercise.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Стратегическое командно-штабное учение «Восток-2022» |url=https://structure.mil.ru/mission/practice/all/vostok2022.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220829211745/https://structure.mil.ru/mission/practice/all/vostok2022.htm |archive-date=2022-08-29}}</ref> The excerise was smaller than the previous [[Vostok 2018]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Banerjee |first=Rishma |date=2022-10-19 |title=The Vostok Military Exercises 2022: Three Takeaways |url=https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2022/10/19/the-vostok-military-exercises-2022-three-takeaways/ |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=Modern Diplomacy |language=en-US}}</ref>
The Russian minister of defence [[Sergei Shoigu]] claimed that the excercise would involve over 300,000 soldiers which would make it Russia's biggest military excercise to date, but that estimate was said to be inflated.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Russia’s army is in a woeful state |url=https://www.economist.com/briefing/how-deep-does-the-rot-in-the-russian-army-go/21808989 |access-date=2024-03-28 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> According to the [[Ministry of Defence (Russia)|Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation]], over 50 thousand military personnel, more than 5 thousand units of weapons and military equipment, including 140 aircraft, 60 warships, boats and support vessels were supposed to participate in the excercise.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Стратегическое командно-штабное учение «Восток-2022» |url=https://structure.mil.ru/mission/practice/all/vostok2022.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220829211745/https://structure.mil.ru/mission/practice/all/vostok2022.htm |archive-date=2022-08-29}}</ref> The excerise was smaller than the previous [[Vostok 2018]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Banerjee |first=Rishma |date=2022-10-19 |title=The Vostok Military Exercises 2022: Three Takeaways |url=https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2022/10/19/the-vostok-military-exercises-2022-three-takeaways/ |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=Modern Diplomacy |language=en-US}}</ref>


Russian President [[Vladimir Putin]] observed the excercise.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Putin attends Vostok-2022 military drill in Russia's Far East |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/world/putin-attends-vostok-2022-military-drill-in-russias-far-east/2678205 |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref>
Russian President [[Vladimir Putin]] observed the excercise.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Putin attends Vostok-2022 military drill in Russia's Far East |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/world/putin-attends-vostok-2022-military-drill-in-russias-far-east/2678205 |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref>


Chinese participation in the drills have been said to reflect improved [[China–Russia relations]], and a message to the West that Russia still has international military allies, despite its recent [[Russian invasion of Ukraine|invasion of Ukraine]].<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 Aug 2022 |title=Russia to launch major military drills with China and others |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/8/29/russia-to-launch-military-drills-with-china |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> On the other hand, the drills have been said to worsen [[Japan–Russia relations|Japan-Russia relations]] as they included a [[Naval exercise|naval excercise]] near the disputed islands of [[South Kuril Islands|South Kuril]], claimed by both Russia and Japan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NPT Conference Collapse, Military Drills Further Strain Japan-Russia Relations |url=https://thediplomat.com/2022/09/npt-conference-collapse-military-drills-further-strain-japan-russia-relations/ |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=thediplomat.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite news |last=Haidar |first=Suhasini |date=2022-09-03 |title=Explained {{!}} At Vostok-22, why is India not joining naval drill? |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/explained-at-vostok-22-why-is-india-not-joining-naval-drill/article65844760.ece |access-date=2024-03-28 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> India chose not to send its maritime units to the Vostok-2022 as it did not wish to jeopardize [[India–Japan relations|its relation with Japan]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-01 |title=Exercise Vostok – 2022: India stays away from maritime component. Sends army troops |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/defence-exercise-vostok-2022-india-stays-away-from-maritime-component-sends-army-troops-2652011/ |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=Financialexpress |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4" />
Chinese participation in the drills have been said to reflect improved [[China–Russia relations]], and a message to the West that Russia still has international military allies, despite its recent [[Russian invasion of Ukraine|invasion of Ukraine]].<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 Aug 2022 |title=Russia to launch major military drills with China and others |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/8/29/russia-to-launch-military-drills-with-china |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> On the other hand, the drills have been said to worsen [[Japan–Russia relations|Japan-Russia relations]] as they included a [[Naval exercise|naval excercise]] near the disputed islands of [[South Kuril Islands|South Kuril]], claimed by both Russia and Japan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NPT Conference Collapse, Military Drills Further Strain Japan-Russia Relations |url=https://thediplomat.com/2022/09/npt-conference-collapse-military-drills-further-strain-japan-russia-relations/ |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=thediplomat.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite news |last=Haidar |first=Suhasini |date=2022-09-03 |title=Explained {{!}} At Vostok-22, why is India not joining naval drill? |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/explained-at-vostok-22-why-is-india-not-joining-naval-drill/article65844760.ece |access-date=2024-03-28 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> India chose not to send its maritime units to the Vostok-2022 as it did not wish to jeopardize [[India–Japan relations|its relation with Japan]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-01 |title=Exercise Vostok – 2022: India stays away from maritime component. Sends army troops |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/defence-exercise-vostok-2022-india-stays-away-from-maritime-component-sends-army-troops-2652011/ |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=Financialexpress |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4" />

Russian tactics displayed in the excercise have been criticized as obsolete.<ref name=":5" />


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 11:48, 28 March 2024

Vostok 2022 (Russian: Восток 2022, lit. 'East 2022') was a large-scale Russian military exercise held the Russian Eastern Military District (encompassing Siberia and the country's Far East, including the Sea of Japan and the Sea of Okhotsk) from September 1 to September 7, 2022.[1][2][3]

It was supervised by the Chief of the General Staff of the Russian Federation general Valery Gerasimov. A total of 13 countries took part in the exercise, which, in addition to Russia, included China, India, Belarus, Armenia, Algeria, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Syria, Nicaragua, Laos, Mongolia and Tajikistan. The Chinse contingent was the second largest after the Russian one, and the largest and most comprehensive contingent China ever sent to Russian excercises.[1][4][5] It was composed of approximatley 2,000 soldiers, 300 vehicles, 21 planes and 3 ships from the Northern Theater Command.[6] The Indian contingent was made up of elements of 7th and 8th Gorkha Rifles, estimated to be about 75 soldiers strong.[7][8]

The Russian minister of defence Sergei Shoigu claimed that the excercise would involve over 300,000 soldiers which would make it Russia's biggest military excercise to date, but that estimate was said to be inflated.[9] According to the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, over 50 thousand military personnel, more than 5 thousand units of weapons and military equipment, including 140 aircraft, 60 warships, boats and support vessels were supposed to participate in the excercise.[10] The excerise was smaller than the previous Vostok 2018.[11]

Russian President Vladimir Putin observed the excercise.[12]

Chinese participation in the drills have been said to reflect improved China–Russia relations, and a message to the West that Russia still has international military allies, despite its recent invasion of Ukraine.[11][13][5] On the other hand, the drills have been said to worsen Japan-Russia relations as they included a naval excercise near the disputed islands of South Kuril, claimed by both Russia and Japan.[14][15][4] India chose not to send its maritime units to the Vostok-2022 as it did not wish to jeopardize its relation with Japan.[16][15]

Russian tactics displayed in the excercise have been criticized as obsolete.[3]

References

  1. ^ a b Kasonta, Adriel (2022-09-22). "Vostok 2022: the military convergence of Eurasia". Asia Times. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
  2. ^ "Russia to Hold Sweeping Joint War Games With China, India, Others". thediplomat.com. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
  3. ^ a b "Vostok 2022: Has Russia Learned From Setbacks in Ukraine?". Jamestown. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
  4. ^ a b "China and India among countries taking part in Russia's Vostok-2022". Radio Free Asia. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
  5. ^ a b "Signs of China-Russia military trust in Vostok 2022 war games: observers". South China Morning Post. 2022-09-10. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
  6. ^ "China sends over 2,000 troops to Vostok-2022 exercises - China Military". eng.chinamil.com.cn. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
  7. ^ Haidar, Dinakar Peri & Suhasini (2022-09-01). "Vostok-2022 commences in Russia with India, China participating". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
  8. ^ "India Sending Troops to Russian Vostok 2022 Exercise". thediplomat.com. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
  9. ^ "Russia's army is in a woeful state". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
  10. ^ "Стратегическое командно-штабное учение «Восток-2022»". Archived from the original on 2022-08-29.
  11. ^ a b Banerjee, Rishma (2022-10-19). "The Vostok Military Exercises 2022: Three Takeaways". Modern Diplomacy. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
  12. ^ "Putin attends Vostok-2022 military drill in Russia's Far East". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
  13. ^ "Russia to launch major military drills with China and others". Al Jazeera. 29 Aug 2022. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
  14. ^ "NPT Conference Collapse, Military Drills Further Strain Japan-Russia Relations". thediplomat.com. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
  15. ^ a b Haidar, Suhasini (2022-09-03). "Explained | At Vostok-22, why is India not joining naval drill?". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
  16. ^ "Exercise Vostok – 2022: India stays away from maritime component. Sends army troops". Financialexpress. 2022-09-01. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
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