Whitfield Barracks: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Barracks in Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong}} |
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[[File:HK KlnPark HealthEducationExhibitionAndResourceCentre.JPG|thumb|250px|[[Health Education Exhibition and Resources Centre]].]] |
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{{EngvarB|date=July 2014}} |
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[[File:HK Kln Park 香港文物探知館 Heritage Discovery Centre Saturday Tree.JPG|thumb|250px|[[Hong Kong Heritage Discovery Centre]].]] |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2014}} |
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[[File:HK KlnPark HongKongHeritageDiscoveryCentre.JPG|thumb|250px|Hong Kong Heritage Discovery Centre.]] |
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[[File:Block 58 Kowloon Park.JPG|thumb|250px|Former Block 58.]] |
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'''Whitfield Barracks''' ({{zh-c|c=威菲路兵房}}) were [[barracks]] in [[Tsim Sha Tsui]], [[Kowloon]], [[Hong Kong]]. The area is now the site of [[Kowloon Park]], where several reconverted buildings remain. |
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{{Infobox building |
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It was named after [[Henry Wase Whitfield]], the commander of British Army in Hong Kong. |
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| name = Whitfield Barracks |
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| native_name = 威菲路兵房 |
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| native_name_lang = zh-hant |
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| logo = |
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| logo_size = |
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| logo_alt = |
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| image = HK KlnPark HongKongHeritageDiscoveryCentre.JPG |
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| image_size = 250px |
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| image_alt = |
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| image_caption = [[Hong Kong Heritage Discovery Centre]] |
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| status = |
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| cancelled = |
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| topped_out = |
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| building_type = |
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| architectural_style = |
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| classification = [[List of Grade I historic buildings in Hong Kong|Grade I historic buildings]] |
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| location = [[Tsim Sha Tsui]], [[Kowloon]] |
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| address = |
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| location_country = [[Hong Kong]] |
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| coordinates = |
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| altitude = |
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| current_tenants = |
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| namesake = [[Henry Wase Whitfield]] |
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| groundbreaking_date = |
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| start_date = 1890s |
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}} |
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{{Chinese |
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| t = 威菲路兵房 |
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| y = Wāi fēi louh bīng fòhng |
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| j = Wai1 fei2 lou6 bing1 fong4 |
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}} |
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[[File:TST aerophoto.jpg|thumb|Aerial view of [[Tsim Sha Tsui]] in the 1930s. Whitfield Barracks are visible in the top left area.]] |
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[[File:HEERC1.jpg|thumb|[[Health Education Exhibition and Resources Centre]], former Block S4. [[Nathan Road]] entrance.]] |
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[[File:Block 58 Kowloon Park.JPG|thumb|Former Block 58]] |
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[[File:Kowloon Park Battery7.jpg|thumb|Kowloon West II Battery]] |
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'''Whitfield Barracks''' were [[barracks]] in [[Tsim Sha Tsui]], [[Kowloon]], Hong Kong. It was named after [[Henry Wase Whitfield]], who was appointed commander of the British Army in Hong Kong in 1869.<ref name="brief43">[http://www.lcsd.gov.hk/ce/Museum/Monument/form/Brief_Information_on_proposed_Grade_I_Items.pdf Brief Information on proposed Grade I Items]. Items No. 43 and No. 44</ref> The area is now the site of [[Kowloon Park]], where four [[Adaptive reuse|reconverted]] barrack blocks and parts of the former Kowloon West II Battery remain. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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In the 1890s, the |
The site was designated a military area in 1864.<ref name="brief43"/> In the 1890s, the barracks were first built for the British Indian [[garrison]]s. Twenty-five barrack blocks were built by 1906;<ref name="GIS61">The Geographical Information System on Hong Kong Heritage: [http://www5.lcsd.gov.hk/gishinter/history.jsp?SYSID=1084&LANG=ENAME Former Whitfield Barracks, Block S61]</ref> the barracks were developed in subsequent years. By 1910, there had been 85 barrack buildings constructed.<ref name="brief43"/> [[Kowloon Mosque and Islamic Centre|A mosque]] was also built at the southeastern corner of the site for worship by the garrison.<ref name="GIS61"/> |
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It belonged to the [[British Armed Forces|British Military Force]] when Hong Kong was under [[ |
It belonged to the [[British Armed Forces|British Military Force]] when Hong Kong was under [[British Hong Kong|British rule]]. The premises was later returned to the [[Government of Hong Kong]] in 1967. In 1970, the [[Urban Council]] redeveloped the site into the [[Kowloon Park]].<ref name="brief43"/> |
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The Government |
The Government was criticised when the [[Executive Council of Hong Kong|Executive Council]] approved plans in 1982 for a strip of retail premises fronting [[Nathan Road]] to be carved into the hill of Kowloon Park. The move was first proposed when the barracks were converted into public open space in 1970, and ignited some controversy. It was opposed by the [[Urban Council]], as well as the Muslim community, whose [[Kowloon Masjid and Islamic Centre|mosque]] was close by.<ref>[[Michael Chugani]], [http://sunzi1.lib.hku.hk/newspaper/view/12_03.02/115067.pdf Kowloon Park land sale plan tipped to spark row], [[South China Morning Post]], 10 January 1982</ref> The rights for the development of the 5,410 sq metre strip were sold in February 1983 to a subsidiary of [[New World Development]] for $218 million.<ref>Jim Gilchrist, "'Bargain' $218m for park site", South ''China Morning Post'', 6 February 1983.</ref> |
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==Remaining buildings== |
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Blocks 58, S4, S61 and S62 of barracks are "[[List of Grade III historic buildings in Hong Kong|Grade III historical buildings]]" which were constructed in circa 1910. They are a pair of identical two storied colonial military barrack blocks. The roofs are pitched with Chinese tiles with tar finish. Blocks S61 and S62 have become the home for the [[Hong Kong Heritage Discovery Centre]], under the management of the [[Leisure and Cultural Services Department]]. Block S4 now houses [[Health Education Exhibition and Resources Centre]]. |
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Four [[Adaptive reuse|reconverted military barrack blocks]] remain: Blocks 58, S4, S61 and S62. |
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Blocks S61 and S62 were constructed in circa 1910. They are a pair of identical two storied colonial military barrack blocks, and were originally part of six barrack blocks built parallel to one another.<ref name="brief43"/> The roofs are pitched with Chinese tiles with tar finish. They housed the former [[Hong Kong Museum of History]] from 1983 to 1998 before the completion of the present Museum at [[Chatham Road South]].<ref name="GIS61"/> An extension block linking the two historical barracks was constructed in the 1980s to provide more space for the museum facilities. The blocks now house the [[Hong Kong Heritage Discovery Centre]].<ref name="APHA">[[UNESCO Asia Pacific Heritage Awards]]: [http://www.unescobkk.org/culture/world-heritage-and-immovable-heritage/asia-pacific-heritage-awards-for-culture-heritage-conservation/previous-heritage-awards-2000-2010/2007/award-winners/whitfield-barracks/ Whitfield Barracks]</ref> |
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Block S4 (formerly Block G) is situated at the southeast corner of Kowloon Park, along [[Haiphong Road]], and is accessed through its entrance on [[Nathan Road]]. It is a two-storied colonial military barrack building which is similar in type to Blocks S61 and S62. It now houses [[Health Education Exhibition and Resource Centre]].<ref>[http://www.lcsd.gov.hk/ce/Museum/Monument/form/Brief_Information_on_proposed_Grade_I_Items.pdf Brief Information on proposed Grade I Items]. Items No. 48</ref> |
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Block 58 (formerly Block A) is situated at the southwest corner of Kowloon Park, along Haiphong Road. It is used as a [[godown]] of the Hong Kong Museum of History.<ref>[http://www.lcsd.gov.hk/ce/Museum/Monument/form/Brief_Information_on_proposed_Grade_I_Items.pdf Brief Information on proposed Grade I Items]. Items No. 51</ref> |
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==Kowloon West II Battery== |
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Kowloon West II Battery was situated in the northwestern part of today's Kowloon Park. It was built between 1878 and 1880, and was probably decommissioned by 1916.<ref>[http://www.lcsd.gov.hk/ce/Museum/Monument/form/Brief_Information_on_proposed_Grade_I_Items.pdf Brief Information on proposed Grade I Items]. Items No. 133</ref> It commanded the entrance to [[Victoria Harbour]] between [[Stonecutters Island]] and [[Green Island, Hong Kong|Green Island]].<ref name="GISbattery">The Geographical Information System on Hong Kong Heritage: [http://www5.lcsd.gov.hk/gishinter/history.jsp?SYSID=1086&LANG=ENAME Former Whitfield Barracks, KLN West II Battery]</ref> When Whitfield Barracks was converted into Kowloon Park, the battery was converted into a children's adventure playground;<ref>Leisure and Cultural Services Department: [http://www.lcsd.gov.hk/parks/kp/en/discovery_layground.php Kowloon Park: Discovery Playground]</ref> it is still recognisable for what it was, however. The gun emplacements have been renovated. Naval guns have been mounted in each emplacement after they were discovered at a construction site at [[Chatham Road]] in Tsim Sha Tsui in 1980.<ref name="GISbattery"/> |
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==Conservation== |
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The remaining Blocks 58, S4, S61 and S62 of the former barracks were listed as [[List of Grade III historic buildings in Hong Kong|Grade III historic buildings]] from 1997 to 2009. They have been listed as [[List of Grade I historic buildings in Hong Kong|Grade I historic buildings]] since 2009. The Kowloon West II Battery has been listed as a Grade I historic building since 1997.<ref>[http://www.aab.gov.hk/form/AAB-SM-chi.pdf List of the 1,444 Historic Buildings in Building Assessment (as of 10 September 2013)]</ref> |
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The conversion of Blocks S61 and S62 into the [[Hong Kong Heritage Discovery Centre]] won the 2007 [[UNESCO Asia Pacific Heritage Awards]] Jury Commendation for Innovation.<ref name="APHA"/> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*[[Kowloon Park]] |
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*[[Hong Kong Heritage Discovery Centre]] |
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*[[Health Education Exhibition and Resources Centre]] |
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*[[Henry Wase Whitfield]] |
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*[[British Forces Overseas Hong Kong]] |
*[[British Forces Overseas Hong Kong]] |
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*[[Victoria Barracks, Hong Kong]] |
*[[Victoria Barracks, Hong Kong|Victoria Barracks]] were located at the site of the current [[Hong Kong Park]] |
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*[[List of army barracks in Hong Kong]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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{{ |
{{Commons category|Whitfield Barracks}} |
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*[http://www.hk-place.com/view.php?id=230 List of barracks in Hong Kong |
*[http://www.hk-place.com/view.php?id=230 List of barracks in Hong Kong] {{in lang|zh}} |
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* |
*[http://www.epd.gov.hk/eia/register/report/eiareport/eia_1542008/EIA%20Report/pdf/Appendices/App_8-1_20080826A.pdf Maps showing the location of the historic buildings within Kowloon Park] |
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*[http://gwulo.com/node/2375 Gwulo.com entry] |
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{{Heritage conservation in Hong Kong |state=collapsed}} |
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{{coord missing|China}} |
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{{Coord|22.299321|114.16977|display=title}} |
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[[Category:Kowloon]] |
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[[Category:Military of Hong Kong under British rule]] |
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[[Category:Tsim Sha Tsui]] |
[[Category:Tsim Sha Tsui]] |
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[[Category:Military of Hong Kong under British rule]] |
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[[Category:Barracks in Hong Kong]] |
[[Category:Barracks in Hong Kong]] |
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[[Category:Former buildings and structures |
[[Category:Former buildings and structures in Hong Kong]] |
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[[zh:威菲路軍營]] |
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Latest revision as of 08:23, 14 April 2024
| Whitfield Barracks | |
|---|---|
威菲路兵房 | |
 | |
 | |
| General information | |
| Classification | Grade I historic buildings |
| Location | Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon |
| Country | Hong Kong |
| Named for | Henry Wase Whitfield |
| Construction started | 1890s |
| Whitfield Barracks | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 威菲路兵房 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Whitfield Barracks were barracks in Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong. It was named after Henry Wase Whitfield, who was appointed commander of the British Army in Hong Kong in 1869.[1] The area is now the site of Kowloon Park, where four reconverted barrack blocks and parts of the former Kowloon West II Battery remain.
History
[edit]The site was designated a military area in 1864.[1] In the 1890s, the barracks were first built for the British Indian garrisons. Twenty-five barrack blocks were built by 1906;[2] the barracks were developed in subsequent years. By 1910, there had been 85 barrack buildings constructed.[1] A mosque was also built at the southeastern corner of the site for worship by the garrison.[2]
It belonged to the British Military Force when Hong Kong was under British rule. The premises was later returned to the Government of Hong Kong in 1967. In 1970, the Urban Council redeveloped the site into the Kowloon Park.[1]
The Government was criticised when the Executive Council approved plans in 1982 for a strip of retail premises fronting Nathan Road to be carved into the hill of Kowloon Park. The move was first proposed when the barracks were converted into public open space in 1970, and ignited some controversy. It was opposed by the Urban Council, as well as the Muslim community, whose mosque was close by.[3] The rights for the development of the 5,410 sq metre strip were sold in February 1983 to a subsidiary of New World Development for $218 million.[4]
Remaining buildings
[edit]Four reconverted military barrack blocks remain: Blocks 58, S4, S61 and S62.
Blocks S61 and S62 were constructed in circa 1910. They are a pair of identical two storied colonial military barrack blocks, and were originally part of six barrack blocks built parallel to one another.[1] The roofs are pitched with Chinese tiles with tar finish. They housed the former Hong Kong Museum of History from 1983 to 1998 before the completion of the present Museum at Chatham Road South.[2] An extension block linking the two historical barracks was constructed in the 1980s to provide more space for the museum facilities. The blocks now house the Hong Kong Heritage Discovery Centre.[5]
Block S4 (formerly Block G) is situated at the southeast corner of Kowloon Park, along Haiphong Road, and is accessed through its entrance on Nathan Road. It is a two-storied colonial military barrack building which is similar in type to Blocks S61 and S62. It now houses Health Education Exhibition and Resource Centre.[6]
Block 58 (formerly Block A) is situated at the southwest corner of Kowloon Park, along Haiphong Road. It is used as a godown of the Hong Kong Museum of History.[7]
Kowloon West II Battery
[edit]Kowloon West II Battery was situated in the northwestern part of today's Kowloon Park. It was built between 1878 and 1880, and was probably decommissioned by 1916.[8] It commanded the entrance to Victoria Harbour between Stonecutters Island and Green Island.[9] When Whitfield Barracks was converted into Kowloon Park, the battery was converted into a children's adventure playground;[10] it is still recognisable for what it was, however. The gun emplacements have been renovated. Naval guns have been mounted in each emplacement after they were discovered at a construction site at Chatham Road in Tsim Sha Tsui in 1980.[9]
Conservation
[edit]The remaining Blocks 58, S4, S61 and S62 of the former barracks were listed as Grade III historic buildings from 1997 to 2009. They have been listed as Grade I historic buildings since 2009. The Kowloon West II Battery has been listed as a Grade I historic building since 1997.[11]
The conversion of Blocks S61 and S62 into the Hong Kong Heritage Discovery Centre won the 2007 UNESCO Asia Pacific Heritage Awards Jury Commendation for Innovation.[5]
See also
[edit]- British Forces Overseas Hong Kong
- Victoria Barracks were located at the site of the current Hong Kong Park
- List of army barracks in Hong Kong
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e Brief Information on proposed Grade I Items. Items No. 43 and No. 44
- ^ a b c The Geographical Information System on Hong Kong Heritage: Former Whitfield Barracks, Block S61
- ^ Michael Chugani, Kowloon Park land sale plan tipped to spark row, South China Morning Post, 10 January 1982
- ^ Jim Gilchrist, "'Bargain' $218m for park site", South China Morning Post, 6 February 1983.
- ^ a b UNESCO Asia Pacific Heritage Awards: Whitfield Barracks
- ^ Brief Information on proposed Grade I Items. Items No. 48
- ^ Brief Information on proposed Grade I Items. Items No. 51
- ^ Brief Information on proposed Grade I Items. Items No. 133
- ^ a b The Geographical Information System on Hong Kong Heritage: Former Whitfield Barracks, KLN West II Battery
- ^ Leisure and Cultural Services Department: Kowloon Park: Discovery Playground
- ^ List of the 1,444 Historic Buildings in Building Assessment (as of 10 September 2013)
External links
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Whitfield Barracks.
- List of barracks in Hong Kong (in Chinese)
- Maps showing the location of the historic buildings within Kowloon Park
- Gwulo.com entry
