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==History==
==History==
Bangabandhu [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] was one of the most important leaders of Bangladesh and the founder of the country. He was born on 17 March 1920 in [[Tungipara]], [[Padma Division|Faridpur District]], [[Bengal Presidency]], British India.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/sheikh-mujibur-rahman-birth-anniversary-know-about-bangabandhu-mujib-famous-quotes-2391872|title=Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Birth Anniversary: Know About "Bangabandhu Mujib"|first=Debjani|last=Chatterjee|date=16 March 2021|access-date=13 March 2024|work=[[NDTV]]}}</ref> He never celebrated his birthday. He used to rest on this day every year, his wife [[Sheikh Fazilatunnesa Mujib]] gave him a gift every year on his birthday. In 1967, while incarcerated in [[Dhaka Central Jail]], his birthday was celebrated by the Dhaka city branch of East Pakistan Provincial Awami League. Sitting in jail, he was happy after receiving the news. Apart from Dhaka, the party also organized Milad Mahfil on the occasion of birthday in Chittagong.<ref>{{cite book|title=Secret Documents of Intelligence Branch on Father of The Nation, Bangladesh: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman|pages=201-205|volume=XII|publisher=Taylor & Francis|url=https://books.google.com.bd/books?id=qTKWEAAAQBAJ&dq}}</ref> His family came to meet him that day and a cake was sent to the jail for his birthday by his team. On that day politicans of his party [[Nur-e-Alam Siddique]], [[Chittaranjan Sutar]], [[Sudhanshu Bimal Dutta]] and DPR prisoner Emadullah met him with flowers on the occasion of his birthday. The [[Non-cooperation movement (1971)|non-cooperation movement]] was going on in 1971 during Bangabandhu's birthday. That day he met the then president of Pakistan, [[Yahya Khan]]. After meeting foreign journalists, he returned to [[Bangabandhu Memorial Museum|his residence]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/mighty-mans-humble-birthday-3273091|title=A mighty man’s humble birthday|date=17 March 2023|access-date=14 June 2024|newspaper=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]}}</ref> People came to his residence that day to wish him a happy birthday. In the afternoon, prayers were organized for him at [[Baitul Mukarram]] under the leadership of islamic scholar Maulana Sheikh Mohammad Obaidurah bin Syed Jalalabadi.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.dhakatimes24.com/2019/03/17/116260/%E0%A7%AD%E0%A7%A7-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2-%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87|title=৭১ সালে বঙ্গবন্ধুর জন্মদিন পালিত হয়েছিল যেভাবে|lang=bn|date=17 March 2019|access-date=14 June 2024|newspaper=Dhaka Times}}</ref> On the same day, [[Mohammad Abul Khayer]] gave the recording of [[7 March Speech of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] as a birthday gift to him. After the [[independence of Bangladesh]] in 1972, Bangabandhu's birthday was declared a public holiday. On that day Indian prime minister [[Indira Gandhi]] visited Bangladesh and gave fruits and sweets to Bangabandhu to wish him on his birthday. Various political organizations celebrated his birthday in 1973. The then finance minister of the country, [[Tajuddin Ahmad]], in an official statement wished Bangabandhu on his birthday and wished him long life. On Bangabandhu's birthday in 1975, 50,000 people gathered in front of his residence at 6 a.m. with gifts to greet him. No public holiday was declared on his birthday that year and he left the residence 5 hours later to go to the [[Ganabhaban]] to officiate as the president. He was [[Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman|assassinated by his family]] in August 15 of the same year.<ref name=patwari>{{cite news|url=https://www.shomoyeralo.com/details.php?id=174735|title=নিজের জন্মদিন বঙ্গবন্ধু যেভাবে অতিবাহিত করেছেন|lang=bn|first=Mumtazuddun|last=Patwari|date=18 March 2022|access-date=14 June 2024|newspaper=Shomoyer Alo}}</ref> According to the analysis of [[Bangla Tribune]]'s research department, after the death of Bangabandhu from 1976 to 1990, there is evidence of obstruction in the publication of news about his birthday celebrations.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.banglatribune.com/national/614180/%E2%80%99%E0%A7%AD%E0%A7%AB-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%9F%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%93|title=’৭৫ পরবর্তী সময়ে বঙ্গবন্ধুর জন্মদিনের খবর প্রকাশেও ছিল বাধা|lang=bn|first1=Ajmal|last1=Hossain|first2=Said-ul|last2=Abedin|date=17 March 2020|access-date=14 June 2024|website=[[Bangla Tribune]]}}</ref> From 1976 to 19 years, the Awami League and its organisations faced adversity in celebrating Bangabandhu's birthday.<ref name=patwari/> In 1996, the [[first Hasina ministry]] decided to officially celebrate Bangabandhu's birthday as [[Children's Day (Bangladesh)|National Children's Day]] and subsequently declared it a holiday. But after the [[second Khaleda ministry]] came to power, the holiday was abolished.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.risingbd.com/travel/news/98188|title=বাংলাদেশ নামের মহাকাব্য রচয়িতার জন্মদিন|lang=bn|date=16 March 2015|access-date=13 June 2024|work=RisingBD.com}}</ref> In 2009, March 17 was again declared a public holiday and was officially celebrated by the [[second Hasina ministry]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/mujib-s-birthday-national-children-s-day-being-observed|title=Mujib's birthday, National Children's Day being observed|date=17 March 2009|access-date=13 June 2024|website=[[Bdnews24.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/mar-17-declared-public-holiday|title=Mar 17 declared public holiday|date=23 November 2009|access-date=14 June 2024|website=[[Bdnews24.com]]}}</ref> In 2020, the government declared a public holiday on his birthday as [[Mujib Year|his birth centenary]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.risingbd.com/english/national/news/68801|title=March 17 declared public holiday|date=12 March 2020|access-date=13 June 2024|website=RisingBD.com}}</ref>
Bangabandhu [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] was one of the most important leaders of Bangladesh and the founder of the country. He was born on 17 March 1920 in [[Tungipara]], [[Padma Division|Faridpur District]], [[Bengal Presidency]], British India.{{efn|However, his [[Pakistani passport]] shows his date of birth as 9 September 1921.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newagebd.net/article/191454/sheikh-mujibs-cancelled-pakistani-passport-gives-sept-9-as-birthday|title=Sheikh Mujib’s cancelled Pakistani passport gives Sept 9 as birthday|first=Muktadir|last=Rashid|date=11 January 2023|access-date=13 June 2024|newspaper=[[New Age (Bangladesh)|New Age]]}}</ref>}}<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/sheikh-mujibur-rahman-birth-anniversary-know-about-bangabandhu-mujib-famous-quotes-2391872|title=Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Birth Anniversary: Know About "Bangabandhu Mujib"|first=Debjani|last=Chatterjee|date=16 March 2021|access-date=13 March 2024|work=[[NDTV]]}}</ref> He never celebrated his birthday. He used to rest on this day every year, his wife [[Sheikh Fazilatunnesa Mujib]] gave him a gift every year on his birthday. In 1967, while incarcerated in [[Dhaka Central Jail]], his birthday was celebrated by the Dhaka city branch of East Pakistan Provincial Awami League. Sitting in jail, he was happy after receiving the news. Apart from Dhaka, the party also organized Milad Mahfil on the occasion of birthday in Chittagong.<ref>{{cite book|title=Secret Documents of Intelligence Branch on Father of The Nation, Bangladesh: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman|pages=201-205|volume=XII|publisher=Taylor & Francis|url=https://books.google.com.bd/books?id=qTKWEAAAQBAJ&dq}}</ref> His family came to meet him that day and a cake was sent to the jail for his birthday by his team. On that day politicans of his party [[Nur-e-Alam Siddique]], [[Chittaranjan Sutar]], [[Sudhanshu Bimal Dutta]] and DPR prisoner Emadullah met him with flowers on the occasion of his birthday. The [[Non-cooperation movement (1971)|non-cooperation movement]] was going on in 1971 during Bangabandhu's birthday. That day he met the then president of Pakistan, [[Yahya Khan]]. After meeting foreign journalists, he returned to [[Bangabandhu Memorial Museum|his residence]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/mighty-mans-humble-birthday-3273091|title=A mighty man’s humble birthday|date=17 March 2023|access-date=14 June 2024|newspaper=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]}}</ref> People came to his residence that day to wish him a happy birthday. In the afternoon, prayers were organized for him at [[Baitul Mukarram]] under the leadership of islamic scholar Maulana Sheikh Mohammad Obaidurah bin Syed Jalalabadi.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.dhakatimes24.com/2019/03/17/116260/%E0%A7%AD%E0%A7%A7-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2-%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87|title=৭১ সালে বঙ্গবন্ধুর জন্মদিন পালিত হয়েছিল যেভাবে|lang=bn|date=17 March 2019|access-date=14 June 2024|newspaper=Dhaka Times}}</ref> On the same day, [[Mohammad Abul Khayer]] gave the recording of [[7 March Speech of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] as a birthday gift to him. After the [[independence of Bangladesh]] in 1972, Bangabandhu's birthday was declared a public holiday. On that day Indian prime minister [[Indira Gandhi]] visited Bangladesh and gave fruits and sweets to Bangabandhu to wish him on his birthday. Various political organizations celebrated his birthday in 1973. The then finance minister of the country, [[Tajuddin Ahmad]], in an official statement wished Bangabandhu on his birthday and wished him long life. On Bangabandhu's birthday in 1975, 50,000 people gathered in front of his residence at 6 a.m. with gifts to greet him. No public holiday was declared on his birthday that year and he left the residence 5 hours later to go to the [[Ganabhaban]] to officiate as the president. He was [[Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman|assassinated by his family]] in August 15 of the same year.<ref name=patwari>{{cite news|url=https://www.shomoyeralo.com/details.php?id=174735|title=নিজের জন্মদিন বঙ্গবন্ধু যেভাবে অতিবাহিত করেছেন|lang=bn|first=Mumtazuddun|last=Patwari|date=18 March 2022|access-date=14 June 2024|newspaper=Shomoyer Alo}}</ref> According to the analysis of [[Bangla Tribune]]'s research department, after the death of Bangabandhu from 1976 to 1990, there is evidence of obstruction in the publication of news about his birthday celebrations.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.banglatribune.com/national/614180/%E2%80%99%E0%A7%AD%E0%A7%AB-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%9F%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%93|title=’৭৫ পরবর্তী সময়ে বঙ্গবন্ধুর জন্মদিনের খবর প্রকাশেও ছিল বাধা|lang=bn|first1=Ajmal|last1=Hossain|first2=Said-ul|last2=Abedin|date=17 March 2020|access-date=14 June 2024|website=[[Bangla Tribune]]}}</ref> From 1976 to 19 years, the Awami League and its organisations faced adversity in celebrating Bangabandhu's birthday.<ref name=patwari/> In 1996, the [[first Hasina ministry]] decided to officially celebrate Bangabandhu's birthday as [[Children's Day (Bangladesh)|National Children's Day]] and subsequently declared it a holiday. But after the [[second Khaleda ministry]] came to power, the holiday was abolished.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.risingbd.com/travel/news/98188|title=বাংলাদেশ নামের মহাকাব্য রচয়িতার জন্মদিন|lang=bn|date=16 March 2015|access-date=13 June 2024|work=RisingBD.com}}</ref> In 2009, March 17 was again declared a public holiday and was officially celebrated by the [[second Hasina ministry]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/mujib-s-birthday-national-children-s-day-being-observed|title=Mujib's birthday, National Children's Day being observed|date=17 March 2009|access-date=13 June 2024|website=[[Bdnews24.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/mar-17-declared-public-holiday|title=Mar 17 declared public holiday|date=23 November 2009|access-date=14 June 2024|website=[[Bdnews24.com]]}}</ref> In 2020, the government declared a public holiday on his birthday as [[Mujib Year|his birth centenary]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.risingbd.com/english/national/news/68801|title=March 17 declared public holiday|date=12 March 2020|access-date=13 June 2024|website=RisingBD.com}}</ref>


==Observance and traditions==
==Observance and traditions==

Revision as of 22:10, 13 June 2024

Birthday of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
Official nameBirth anniversary of Father of the Nation Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
Also calledBangabandhu's birthday
Observed byBangladesh
TypeNational
SignificanceHonours Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, founder and the first president of Bangladesh
Date17 March
FrequencyAnnual

Birthday of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, commonly Bangabandhu's birthday, is a public holiday in Bangladesh observed annually on 17 March to celebrate the birthday of the founder of Bangladesh, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, known as Bangabandhu ("friend of Bengal"). A major holiday, commemorations for Bangabandhu began during his lifetime in 1967, and have continued ever since. The event is primarily observed by the government and the citizens of the country where the national flag is hoisted at major architectural structures such as private and public buildings.

History

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was one of the most important leaders of Bangladesh and the founder of the country. He was born on 17 March 1920 in Tungipara, Faridpur District, Bengal Presidency, British India.[a][2] He never celebrated his birthday. He used to rest on this day every year, his wife Sheikh Fazilatunnesa Mujib gave him a gift every year on his birthday. In 1967, while incarcerated in Dhaka Central Jail, his birthday was celebrated by the Dhaka city branch of East Pakistan Provincial Awami League. Sitting in jail, he was happy after receiving the news. Apart from Dhaka, the party also organized Milad Mahfil on the occasion of birthday in Chittagong.[3] His family came to meet him that day and a cake was sent to the jail for his birthday by his team. On that day politicans of his party Nur-e-Alam Siddique, Chittaranjan Sutar, Sudhanshu Bimal Dutta and DPR prisoner Emadullah met him with flowers on the occasion of his birthday. The non-cooperation movement was going on in 1971 during Bangabandhu's birthday. That day he met the then president of Pakistan, Yahya Khan. After meeting foreign journalists, he returned to his residence.[4] People came to his residence that day to wish him a happy birthday. In the afternoon, prayers were organized for him at Baitul Mukarram under the leadership of islamic scholar Maulana Sheikh Mohammad Obaidurah bin Syed Jalalabadi.[5] On the same day, Mohammad Abul Khayer gave the recording of 7 March Speech of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman as a birthday gift to him. After the independence of Bangladesh in 1972, Bangabandhu's birthday was declared a public holiday. On that day Indian prime minister Indira Gandhi visited Bangladesh and gave fruits and sweets to Bangabandhu to wish him on his birthday. Various political organizations celebrated his birthday in 1973. The then finance minister of the country, Tajuddin Ahmad, in an official statement wished Bangabandhu on his birthday and wished him long life. On Bangabandhu's birthday in 1975, 50,000 people gathered in front of his residence at 6 a.m. with gifts to greet him. No public holiday was declared on his birthday that year and he left the residence 5 hours later to go to the Ganabhaban to officiate as the president. He was assassinated by his family in August 15 of the same year.[6] According to the analysis of Bangla Tribune's research department, after the death of Bangabandhu from 1976 to 1990, there is evidence of obstruction in the publication of news about his birthday celebrations.[7] From 1976 to 19 years, the Awami League and its organisations faced adversity in celebrating Bangabandhu's birthday.[6] In 1996, the first Hasina ministry decided to officially celebrate Bangabandhu's birthday as National Children's Day and subsequently declared it a holiday. But after the second Khaleda ministry came to power, the holiday was abolished.[8] In 2009, March 17 was again declared a public holiday and was officially celebrated by the second Hasina ministry.[9][10] In 2020, the government declared a public holiday on his birthday as his birth centenary.[11]

Observance and traditions

It is observed as a public holiday throughout the country. Events and programs are organized on the occasion of the day in different parts of the country. Various programs are also organized in Tungipara, Bangabandhu's birthplace, on the day. On the occasion of the day, the president and prime minister of the country paid their respects at Bangabandhu Memorial Museum, formerly residence of Bangabandhu, in Dhaka and Bangabandhu’s mausoleum in Tungipara. On this day, free medical services are provided in government-run hospitals of the country. Radio and television channels organize special programs and shows to mark the day. On this day, the Islamic Foundation Bangladesh organizes prayer meetings and Quran recitations across the country. Besides, Awami League organizes discussion meetings on the occasion of the day.[12]

References

  1. ^ Rashid, Muktadir (11 January 2023). "Sheikh Mujib's cancelled Pakistani passport gives Sept 9 as birthday". New Age. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  2. ^ Chatterjee, Debjani (16 March 2021). "Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Birth Anniversary: Know About "Bangabandhu Mujib"". NDTV. Retrieved 13 March 2024.
  3. ^ Secret Documents of Intelligence Branch on Father of The Nation, Bangladesh: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. Vol. XII. Taylor & Francis. pp. 201–205.
  4. ^ "A mighty man's humble birthday". The Daily Star. 17 March 2023. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
  5. ^ "৭১ সালে বঙ্গবন্ধুর জন্মদিন পালিত হয়েছিল যেভাবে". Dhaka Times (in Bengali). 17 March 2019. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
  6. ^ a b Patwari, Mumtazuddun (18 March 2022). "নিজের জন্মদিন বঙ্গবন্ধু যেভাবে অতিবাহিত করেছেন". Shomoyer Alo (in Bengali). Retrieved 14 June 2024.
  7. ^ Hossain, Ajmal; Abedin, Said-ul (17 March 2020). "'৭৫ পরবর্তী সময়ে বঙ্গবন্ধুর জন্মদিনের খবর প্রকাশেও ছিল বাধা". Bangla Tribune (in Bengali). Retrieved 14 June 2024.
  8. ^ "বাংলাদেশ নামের মহাকাব্য রচয়িতার জন্মদিন". RisingBD.com (in Bengali). 16 March 2015. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  9. ^ "Mujib's birthday, National Children's Day being observed". Bdnews24.com. 17 March 2009. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  10. ^ "Mar 17 declared public holiday". Bdnews24.com. 23 November 2009. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
  11. ^ "March 17 declared public holiday". RisingBD.com. 12 March 2020. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  12. ^ "Nation celebrates Bangabandhu's birthday". Bangla Tribune. 17 March 2019. Retrieved 13 June 2023.


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