Mountain railway: Difference between revisions

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A mountain railway is a railway that operates in a mountainous region. It may operate through the mountains by following mountain valleys and tunneling beneath mountain passes, or it may climb a mountain to provide transport to and from the summit.

Mountain railways often use narrow gauge tracks to allow for tight curves in the track and reduce tunnel size and structure gauge, and hence construction cost and effort. Where mountain railways need to climb steep gradients, they may use steep grade railway technology, or even operate as funicular railways.

List of mountain railways

Argentina

Mendoza to Los Andes, Chile, see Chile below

Australia

Glenreagh Mountain Railway
Mt Morgan Rack Railway – abandoned in 1955.
Skitube Alpine Railway
West Coast Wilderness Railway

Austria

Bolivia

Brazil

Canada

BC Rail, crosses the Pacific Coast Range of the Coast Mountains (Garibaldi & Lillooet Ranges)
Kicking Horse Pass
Rogers Pass
White Pass and Yukon Route
Yellowhead Pass

Chile

Ferrocarill Arica La Paz, Arica–La Paz
Ferrocarril de Antofagasta a Bolivia
El Ferrocarril Trasandino Los Andes – Mendoza, Los Andes – Mendoza. The rebuild will be adhesion only.^[2]

China

Colombia

Colombian Railways

Croatia

Eritrea

Eritrean Railway

France

Germany

Drachenfels Railway (Drachenfelsbahn)
Harz Railway (Harzbahn)
- Rübeland Railway (Rübelandbahn)
- Harz Narrow Gauge Railways (Harzer Schmalspurbahnen)
  - Harz Railway (Harzquerbahn)
  - Brocken Railway (Brockenbahn)
  - Selke Valley Railway(Selketalbahn)
Murg Valley Railway (Murgtalbahn)
Schwarza Valley Railway (Schwarzatalbahn)^[3]
Wendelstein Railway (Wendelsteinbahn)
Bavarian Zugspitze Railway (Bayerische Zugspitzbahn)

Georgia

Borjomi-Bakuriani railway "Kukushka" (ბაკურიანი-ბორჯომი რკინიგზა)^[4]

Japan

Mexico

Ferrocarril de Córdoba a Huatusco

New Zealand

Rimutaka Incline Commenced operation in 1878 and ceased operation in 1955.

Norway

Flåmsbana

Peru

Empresa nacional de ferrocarriles del Peru
Ferrocarril Central Andino (Standard gauge)
Ferrocarril Huancayo - Huancavelica,^[5] (built to narrow gauge 3 ft or 914 mm, but converted to 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in or 1,435 mm standard gauge between 2006 and 2010^[6]^[7])
Ferrocarril del sur de Peru Arequipa – Puno, (Standard gauge)
Cusco - Machu Picchu, Cusco – Machu Picchu (3 ft or 914 mm gauge)

Romania

Ploiești – Brașov railway
Brașov – Sibiu – Arad railway
Râmnicu Vâlcea – Sibiu railway
Târgu Jiu – Simeria railway
Drobeta-Turnu Severin – Caransebeș railway
Oraviţa – Anina railway
Cluj-Napoca – Oradea railway
Brașov – Miercurea Ciuc – Deda railway, and Brașov – Întorsura Buzăului
Salva – Sighetul Marmatiei railway
Adjud – Siculeni railway
Suceava – Ilva Mică railway, and Vama – Moldovita
Arad – Ineu – Brad
Buzău – Nehoiașu.

Russia

Apsheronsk narrow-gauge railway – located in the Krasnodar Krai, gauge of 750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in).^[8]^[9]

Slovakia

Čierny Hron Railway

Slovenia

Bohinj railway

Spain

Switzerland

Taiwan

Alishan Forest Railway

United Kingdom

United States

Venezuela

Gran Ferrocarril de Venezuela

Vietnam

Đà Lạt–Tháp Chàm Railway – Abandoned after the Vietnam War.

Mountain railways in fiction

The Culdee Fell Railway is featured in the book Mountain Engines, part of The Railway Series by Rev.W.Awdry.

References

^ Described by the operator, Linz AG Linien In German
^ Se construye Archived 2007-03-10 at the Wayback Machine
^ Schwarza valley line
^ "Georgian Railway".
^ Map of Huancayo – Huancavelica
^ "Huancavelica upgrade". Railway Gazette International. 1 Jun 2006. Retrieved 16 September 2019.
^ "El Tren Macho reanudó sus operaciones entre Huancayo y Huancavelica". El Comercio (in Spanish). 5 Dec 2011. Retrieved 16 September 2019.
^ Apsheronsk railway
^ Tourist Railway
^ "Unsere Geschichte: Von der Visp-Zermatt-Bahn bis zur BVZ Holding AG" (in German, French, and English). Brig, Switzerland: BVZ Holding AG. Retrieved 2017-07-03.

External links

Homepage of the Matterhorn-Gotthard-Bahn (in English, German, and French)
Narrow gauge railways of Switzerland (in English and German)
El Ferrocarril Trasandino Los Andes – Mendoza, Argentina (Trans-Andean Railways) (all others in Spanish only)
seconstruye.com el tren Los Andes – Mendoza
Museo Ferrocarril Transandino
Ferrocarril Central Andina S.A.
Ferrocarril Central Andino S.A.
Map of central Peru Callao – Huancayo
Map of south Peru/Bolivia Machu Picchu – Lake Titicaca – west coast Pacific Ocean
Route Arequipa – Puno (Lake Titicaca)
Route Cusco – Puno (Lake Titicaca)
Route Cusco – Machu Picchu
Homepage of the Mount Washington Cog Railway (First ever mountain climbing cog railway)

[1] Described by the operator, Linz AG Linien In German

[2] Se construye Archived 2007-03-10 at the Wayback Machine

[3] Schwarza valley line

[4] "Georgian Railway".

[5] Map of Huancayo – Huancavelica

[6] "Huancavelica upgrade". Railway Gazette International. 1 Jun 2006. Retrieved 16 September 2019.

[7] "El Tren Macho reanudó sus operaciones entre Huancayo y Huancavelica". El Comercio (in Spanish). 5 Dec 2011. Retrieved 16 September 2019.

[8] Apsheronsk railway

[9] Tourist Railway

[10] "Unsere Geschichte: Von der Visp-Zermatt-Bahn bis zur BVZ Holding AG" (in German, French, and English). Brig, Switzerland: BVZ Holding AG. Retrieved 2017-07-03.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Railway which operates within a mountainous region}}
 [[File:Brb bergfahrt.JPG|thumb|right|[[Brienz Rothorn Bahn]] ascending [[Brienzer Rothorn]] in the [[Swiss Alps]]]]
-[[File:La_antiga_locomotora_elèctrica_E.1_del_cremallera_de_Núria_reposa_a_dalt_de_tot_de_la_Vall.jpg|thumb|right|[[Vall de Núria Rack Railway]], Spain]]
+[[File:La_antiga_locomotora_elèctrica_E.1_del_cremallera_de_Núria_reposa_a_dalt_de_tot_de_la_Vall.jpg|thumb|right|[[Vall de Núria Rack Railway]], Catalonia]]
-A '''mountain railway''' is a railway that operates in a mountainous region. It may operate through the mountains by following mountain valleys and tunneling beneath mountain passes, or it may climb a mountain to provide transport to and from the summit.
+A '''mountain railway''' is a [[railway]] that operates in a [[mountain range|mountainous region]]. It may operate through the mountains by following [[mountain valley]]s and tunneling beneath [[mountain pass]]es, or it may climb a mountain to provide transport to and from the [[summit]].
 Mountain railways often use [[narrow gauge railways|narrow gauge]] tracks to allow for tight curves in the track and reduce tunnel size and [[structure gauge]], and hence construction cost and effort. Where mountain railways need to climb steep gradients, they may use [[steep grade railway]] technology, or even operate as [[funicular railway]]s.
@@ Line 17: / Line 19: @@
 * [[Glenreagh Mountain Railway]]
-* [[Mount Morgan, Queensland|Mt Morgan Rack Railway]] - abandoned in 1955.
+* [[Mount Morgan, Queensland|Mt Morgan Rack Railway]] – abandoned in 1955.
 * [[Skitube Alpine Railway]]
 * [[West Coast Wilderness Railway]]
@@ Line 27: / Line 29: @@
 * [[Mariazell Railway]]
 * [[Pöstlingberg Railway]]<!--[[:de:Pöstlingbergbahn]]--><ref>[http://www.linzag.at/navigation/section,id,383,nodeid,383 Described by the operator, Linz AG Linien]  In German</ref>
-* [[Semmering Railway]] - A world Heritage Site
+* [[Semmering Railway]] – A [[World Heritage Site]]
 * [[Schafberg Railway]]
 * [[Schneeberg Railway (cog railway)|Schneeberg Railway]]
@@ Line 53: / Line 55: @@
 * [[Ferrocarill Arica La Paz]], [[Arica, Chile|Arica]]–[[La Paz]]
 * [[Ferrocarril de Antofagasta a Bolivia]]
-* El [[Transandine Railway|Ferrocarril Trasandino Los Andes - Mendoza]], [[Los Andes, Chile|Los Andes]] - [[Mendoza, Argentina|Mendoza]]. The rebuild will be adhesion only.<ref>[http://www.seconstruye.com/webnoticia/asp/interior.asp?id=17067 Se construye] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070310140626/http://www.seconstruye.com/webnoticia/asp/interior.asp?id=17067 |date=2007-03-10 }}</ref>
+* El [[Transandine Railway|Ferrocarril Trasandino Los Andes – Mendoza]], [[Los Andes, Chile|Los Andes]] – [[Mendoza, Argentina|Mendoza]]. The rebuild will be adhesion only.<ref>[http://www.seconstruye.com/webnoticia/asp/interior.asp?id=17067 Se construye] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070310140626/http://www.seconstruye.com/webnoticia/asp/interior.asp?id=17067 |date=2007-03-10 }}</ref>
 ===China===
@@ Line 103: / Line 105: @@
 ===India===
 {{Main|Mountain railways of India}}
-*[[Darjeeling Himalayan Railway]] - A world Heritage Site
+*[[Darjeeling Himalayan Railway]] – A world Heritage Site
-*[[Nilgiri Mountain Railway]] - A world Heritage Site
+*[[Nilgiri Mountain Railway]] – A world Heritage Site
-*[[Kalka-Shimla Railway]] - A world Heritage Site
+*[[Kalka-Shimla Railway]] – A world Heritage Site
+*[[Kangra Valley Railway]]
 *[[Matheran Hill Railway]]
+*[[Jammu–Baramulla line]]
 ===Isle of Man===
@@ Line 134: / Line 138: @@
 *[[Empresa nacional de ferrocarriles del Peru]]
 *[[Ferrocarril Central Andino]] ([[Standard gauge]])
-*[[Ferrocarril Huancayo - Huancavelica]],<ref>[http://www.rrdc.com/images/map_fcca_new.gif Map of Huancayo - Huancavelica]</ref> (built to [[narrow gauge railways|narrow gauge]] {{RailGauge|3ft}})
+*[[Ferrocarril Huancayo - Huancavelica]],<ref>[http://www.rrdc.com/images/map_fcca_new.gif Map of Huancayo – Huancavelica]</ref> (built to [[narrow gauge railways|narrow gauge]] {{RailGauge|3ft|lk=on|disp=or}}, but [[Track gauge conversion|converted]] to {{RailGauge|56.5in|allk=on|disp=or}} between 2006 and 2010<ref>{{cite web |title=Huancavelica upgrade |url=https://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/huancavelica-upgrade.html |website=Railway Gazette International |access-date=16 September 2019 |date=1 Jun 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=El Tren Macho reanudó sus operaciones entre Huancayo y Huancavelica |url=http://archivo.elcomercio.pe/sociedad/lima/tren-macho-reanudo-sus-operaciones-entre-huancayo-huancavelica-noticia-1343837 |website=El Comercio |access-date=16 September 2019 |language=es |date=5 Dec 2011}}</ref>)
-*[[Ferrocarril del sur de Peru]] [[Arequipa]] - [[Puno]], ([[Standard gauge]])
+*[[Ferrocarril del sur de Peru]] [[Arequipa]] – [[Puno]], ([[Standard gauge]])
-*[[Cusco - Machu Picchu]], Cusco - [[Machu Picchu]] ({{RailGauge|3ft}} gauge)
+*[[Cusco - Machu Picchu]], Cusco – [[Machu Picchu]] ({{RailGauge|3ft|disp=or}} gauge)
 ===Romania===
-[[File:Anina-Oravita 03 2010.jpg|thumb|View from Oraviţa - Anina railway in 2010.]]
+[[File:Anina-Oravita 03 2010.jpg|thumb|View from Oravița – Anina railway in 2010.]]
 {{div col|colwidth=25em}}
-*[[Ploiești]] - [[Braşov]] railway
+*[[Ploiești]] – [[Brașov]] railway
-*[[Braşov]] - [[Sibiu]] - [[Arad, Romania|Arad]] railway
+*[[Brașov]] – [[Sibiu]] – [[Arad, Romania|Arad]] railway
-*[[Râmnicu Vâlcea]] - [[Sibiu]] railway
+*[[Râmnicu Vâlcea]] – [[Sibiu]] railway
-*[[Târgu Jiu]] - [[Simeria]] railway
+*[[Târgu Jiu]] – [[Simeria]] railway
-*[[Drobeta Turnu Severin]] - [[Caransebeş]] railway
+*[[Drobeta-Turnu Severin]] – [[Caransebeș]] railway
-*[[Oraviţa]] - [[Anina]] railway
+*[[Oraviţa]] – [[Anina]] railway
-*[[Cluj Napoca]] - [[Oradea]] railway
+*[[Cluj-Napoca]] – [[Oradea]] railway
-*[[Braşov]] - [[Miercurea Ciuc]] - [[Deda, Romania|Deda]] railway, and Braşov - [[Întorsura Buzăului]]
+*[[Brașov]] – [[Miercurea Ciuc]] – [[Deda, Romania|Deda]] railway, and Brașov – [[Întorsura Buzăului]]
-*[[Salva, Bistrița-Năsăud|Salva]] - [[Sighetul Marmatiei]] railway
+*[[Salva, Bistrița-Năsăud|Salva]] – [[Sighetul Marmatiei]] railway
-*[[Adjud]] - [[Siculeni]] railway
+*[[Adjud]] – [[Siculeni]] railway
-*[[Suceava]] - [[Ilva Mică]] railway, and [[Vama, Suceava|Vama]] - [[Moldovita]]
+*[[Suceava]] – [[Ilva Mică]] railway, and [[Vama, Suceava|Vama]] – [[Moldovita]]
-*[[Arad, Romania|Arad]] - [[Ineu]] - [[Brad, Hunedoara|Brad]]
+*[[Arad, Romania|Arad]] – [[Ineu]] – [[Brad, Hunedoara|Brad]]
-*[[Buzău]] - [[Nehoiaşu]].
+*[[Buzău]] – [[Nehoiu|Nehoiașu]].
 {{div col end}}
 ===Russia===
 [[File:Участок Апшеронской УЖД, перегон Гуамка - Мезмай.JPG|thumb|[[Apsheronsk narrow-gauge railway|Apsheronsk railway]]]]
-* [[Apsheronsk narrow-gauge railway]] - located in the [[Krasnodar Krai]], gauge of {{RailGauge|750mm}}.<ref>[http://www.internationalsteam.co.uk/trains/russia18.htm Apsheronsk railway]</ref><ref>[http://www.internationalsteam.co.uk/trains/russia19.htm Tourist Railway]</ref>
+* [[Apsheronsk narrow-gauge railway]] – located in the [[Krasnodar Krai]], gauge of {{RailGauge|750mm}}.<ref>[http://www.internationalsteam.co.uk/trains/russia18.htm Apsheronsk railway]</ref><ref>[http://www.internationalsteam.co.uk/trains/russia19.htm Tourist Railway]</ref>
 ===Slovakia===
 *[[Čierny Hron Railway]]
+===Slovenia===
+[[Bohinj Railway|Bohinj railway]]
 ===Spain===
@@ Line 188: / Line 195: @@
 *[[Jungfraubahn]]
 *[[Harderbahn]]
-*[[Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn]] (formerly [[BVZ Zermatt-Bahn]], [[Furka Oberalp Bahn]])<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bvzholding.ch/de/unternehmen/geschichte/ |title=Unsere Geschichte: Von der Visp-Zermatt-Bahn bis zur BVZ Holding AG |publisher=BVZ Holding AG |location=Brig, Switzerland |language=de, fr, en |accessdate=2017-07-03}}</ref>
+*[[Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn]] (formerly [[BVZ Zermatt-Bahn]], [[Furka Oberalp Bahn]])<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bvzholding.ch/de/unternehmen/geschichte/ |title=Unsere Geschichte: Von der Visp-Zermatt-Bahn bis zur BVZ Holding AG |publisher=BVZ Holding AG |location=Brig, Switzerland |language=de, fr, en |access-date=2017-07-03}}</ref>
 *[[Monte Generoso Railway]]
+*[[Montreux–Lenk im Simmental line]]
-*[[Chemin de Fer Montreux Oberland Bernois]]
 *[[Pilatusbahn]]
 *[[Rhätische Bahn]]
@@ Line 259: / Line 266: @@
 ===Vietnam===
-*[[Đà Lạt]]–[[Phan Rang-Tháp Chàm|Tháp Chàm]] Railway - Abandoned after the [[Vietnam War]].
+*[[Đà Lạt]]–[[Phan Rang-Tháp Chàm|Tháp Chàm]] Railway – Abandoned after the [[Vietnam War]].
 ==Mountain railways in fiction==
@@ Line 281: / Line 288: @@
 ==External links==
-*[http://www.fo-bahn.ch/ Homepage of the Matterhorn-Gotthard-Bahn] (in English, German, French)
+*[http://www.fo-bahn.ch/ Homepage of the Matterhorn-Gotthard-Bahn] {{in lang|en|de|fr}}
-*[http://www.rail-info.ch/index.en.html Narrow gauge railways of Switzerland] (in English and German)
+*[http://www.rail-info.ch/index.en.html Narrow gauge railways of Switzerland] {{in language|en|de}}
-*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060511170433/http://www.amigosdeltren.cl/ferrochile/historia/trasandino/histo_trasandino_es.php El Ferrocarril Trasandino Los Andes] – [[Mendoza, Argentina]] ([[Trans-Andean Railways]]) (All others in Spanish only)
+*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060511170433/http://www.amigosdeltren.cl/ferrochile/historia/trasandino/histo_trasandino_es.php El Ferrocarril Trasandino Los Andes] – [[Mendoza, Argentina]] ([[Trans-Andean Railways]]) (all others in Spanish only)
 *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070310140626/http://www.seconstruye.com/webnoticia/asp/interior.asp?id=17067 seconstruye.com el tren Los Andes] – Mendoza
 *[https://web.archive.org/web/20060505135052/http://www.accpf.cl/html/act/fctc.html Museo Ferrocarril Transandino]