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{{Infobox spaceflight
{{Dictionary|date= June 2019}}
| name = Rockair (or "Rockaire")
| image = Deacon Rockoon.jpg
| image_caption = A Deacon rocket, in this case being used as a [[Rockoon]]. The Rockoon concept later succeeded the Rockair, however, note that no balloon was involved in Rockair launches.
| image_alt = Deacon rocket suspended from a balloon as a part of a Rockoon lanch
| mission_type = Research
| operator = [[United States Navy]] and [[United States Air Force|Air Force]]
| mission_duration = 491 days
| manufacturer = [[North American Aviation]] and [[Allegany Ballistics Laboratory]]
}}


The '''Rockair''' was first suggested by [[Hermann Oberth]] in his 1929 book ''[[Wege zur Raumschiffahrt]]''.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Corliss |first=William |date=1971 |title=NASA Sounding Rockets, 1958-1968, A Historical Summary |url=https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/sp-4401.pdf |access-date=March 2, 2024 |website=NASA}}</ref> Rockair concepts were developed by both the [[United States Air Force]] and [[United States Navy|Navy]], both generally finding marginal use in the concept.<ref name=":0" /> The Air Force began studying the concept of an air-launched sounding rocket in 1947, while the Navy managed to get the first launch on August 16, 1955, using an [[McDonnell F2H Banshee|F2H2]] off of [[Wallops Island]]. The [[Folding-Fin Aerial Rocket|folded-fin aerial rocket]](FFAR)<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=FFAR |url=http://www.astronautix.com/f/ffar.html |access-date=2024-03-02 |website=www.astronautix.com}}</ref> reached an altitude of 54,864&nbsp;m (180,000&nbsp;ft). The Air Force followed up with their first air-launched sounding rocket concept on December 13, 1956, under the name "Rockaire".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rockaire |url=http://www.astronautix.com/r/rockaire.html |access-date=2024-03-02 |website=www.astronautix.com}}</ref> A [[Deacon (rocket)|Deacon]] rocket was used, launched from a [[North American F-86 Sabre|F-86 fighter aircraft]].
'''Rockair''' was a United States [[sounding rocket]] designed for launch from an airplane, which was tested 1955. The Rockair had a maximum height of 50&nbsp;km (160,000&nbsp;ft), a takeoff thrust of 3.00&nbsp;kN (675&nbsp;lbf), a diameter of {{convert|70|mm|in|frac=8|abbr=on}} and a length of {{convert|1.20|m|in|abbr=on}}.


The Navy Rockair had a total of 5 launches, while the Air Force Rockaire had a total of 4 for a combined 9 launches.
==External links==
*https://web.archive.org/web/20050212235252/http://astronautix.com/lvs/rockair.htm


According to a NASA historical summary,<ref name=":0" /> no important scientific research was every carried out with the Rockair concept. It had very little popularity, in contrast to the "Rockoon" which was launched in the hundreds during the 1950s.
⚫
[[Category:Sounding rockets of the United States]]


== Launch History of the Rockair ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Date
!Launch Site
!Rocket
!Launch Platform
!Apogee
|-
|August 16, 1955
|[[Naval Aviation Ordnance Test Station|NAOTS]]
|[[Folding-Fin Aerial Rocket|FFAR]]
|[[McDonnell F2H Banshee|F2H2]]
|50&nbsp;km(31&nbsp;mi)
|-
|August 16, 1955
|[[Naval Aviation Ordnance Test Station|NAOTS]]
|[[Folding-Fin Aerial Rocket|FFAR]]
|[[McDonnell F2H Banshee|F2H2]]
|55&nbsp;km(34&nbsp;mi)
|-
|August 16, 1955
|[[Naval Aviation Ordnance Test Station|NAOTS]]
|[[Folding-Fin Aerial Rocket|FFAR]]
|[[McDonnell F2H Banshee|F2H2]]
|9&nbsp;km(5.5&nbsp;mi)
|-
|November 1, 1955
|[[Naval Aviation Ordnance Test Station|NAOTS]]
|[[Folding-Fin Aerial Rocket|FFAR]]
|[[McDonnell F2H Banshee|F2H2]]
|50&nbsp;km(31&nbsp;mi)
|-
|November 1, 1955
|[[Naval Aviation Ordnance Test Station|NAOTS]]
|[[Folding-Fin Aerial Rocket|FFAR]]
|[[McDonnell F2H Banshee|F2H2]]
|50&nbsp;km(31&nbsp;mi)
|}


== Launch History of the Rockaire ==
{{Rocket-stub}}
{| class="wikitable"
!Date
!Launch Site
!Rocket
!Launch Platform
!Apogee
|-
|December 13, 1956
|[[Holloman Air Force Base|Holloman]]
|[[Deacon (rocket)|Deacon]]
|[[North American F-86D Sabre|F-86D]]
|44&nbsp;km(27&nbsp;mi)
|-
|December 14, 1956
|[[Holloman Air Force Base|Holloman]]
|[[Deacon (rocket)|Deacon]]
|[[North American F-86D Sabre|F-86D]]
|42&nbsp;km(26&nbsp;mi)
|-
|December 17, 1956
|[[Holloman Air Force Base|Holloman]]
|[[Deacon (rocket)|Deacon]]
|[[North American F-86D Sabre|F-86D]]
|43&nbsp;km(26&nbsp;mi)
|-
|December 19, 1956
|[[Holloman Air Force Base|Holloman]]
|[[Deacon (rocket)|Deacon]]
|[[North American F-86D Sabre|F-86D]]
|45&nbsp;km(27&nbsp;mi)
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

⚫
[[Category:Sounding rockets of the United States]]

Latest revision as of 15:12, 6 August 2024

Rockair (or "Rockaire")
Deacon rocket suspended from a balloon as a part of a Rockoon lanch
A Deacon rocket, in this case being used as a Rockoon. The Rockoon concept later succeeded the Rockair, however, note that no balloon was involved in Rockair launches.
Mission typeResearch
OperatorUnited States Navy and Air Force
Mission duration491 days
Spacecraft properties
ManufacturerNorth American Aviation and Allegany Ballistics Laboratory

The Rockair was first suggested by Hermann Oberth in his 1929 book Wege zur Raumschiffahrt.[1] Rockair concepts were developed by both the United States Air Force and Navy, both generally finding marginal use in the concept.[1] The Air Force began studying the concept of an air-launched sounding rocket in 1947, while the Navy managed to get the first launch on August 16, 1955, using an F2H2 off of Wallops Island. The folded-fin aerial rocket(FFAR)[1][2] reached an altitude of 54,864 m (180,000 ft). The Air Force followed up with their first air-launched sounding rocket concept on December 13, 1956, under the name "Rockaire".[3] A Deacon rocket was used, launched from a F-86 fighter aircraft.

The Navy Rockair had a total of 5 launches, while the Air Force Rockaire had a total of 4 for a combined 9 launches.

According to a NASA historical summary,[1] no important scientific research was every carried out with the Rockair concept. It had very little popularity, in contrast to the "Rockoon" which was launched in the hundreds during the 1950s.

Launch History of the Rockair

[edit]
Date Launch Site Rocket Launch Platform Apogee
August 16, 1955 NAOTS FFAR F2H2 50 km(31 mi)
August 16, 1955 NAOTS FFAR F2H2 55 km(34 mi)
August 16, 1955 NAOTS FFAR F2H2 9 km(5.5 mi)
November 1, 1955 NAOTS FFAR F2H2 50 km(31 mi)
November 1, 1955 NAOTS FFAR F2H2 50 km(31 mi)

Launch History of the Rockaire

[edit]
Date Launch Site Rocket Launch Platform Apogee
December 13, 1956 Holloman Deacon F-86D 44 km(27 mi)
December 14, 1956 Holloman Deacon F-86D 42 km(26 mi)
December 17, 1956 Holloman Deacon F-86D 43 km(26 mi)
December 19, 1956 Holloman Deacon F-86D 45 km(27 mi)

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Corliss, William (1971). "NASA Sounding Rockets, 1958-1968, A Historical Summary" (PDF). NASA. Retrieved March 2, 2024.
  2. ^ "FFAR". www.astronautix.com. Retrieved 2024-03-02.
  3. ^ "Rockaire". www.astronautix.com. Retrieved 2024-03-02.
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