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{{short description|German politician, Member of the European Parliament (born 1956)}}
{{Infobox MEP
{{Infobox officeholder
|name = Rebecca Harms
|name = Rebecca Harms
|honorific-suffix = [[Member of the European Parliament|MEP]]
|honorific-suffix = [[Member of the European Parliament|MEP]]
|image= Rebecca Harms.jpg
|image= Rebecca Harms.jpg
|office = [[Member of the European Parliament]]
|office = [[Member of the European Parliament]]
|term_start = [[European Parliament election, 2004 (Germany)|20 July 2004]]
|term_start = [[2004 European Parliament election in Germany|20 July 2004]]
|term_end =
|term_end = 2019
|constituency = [[Germany (European Parliament constituency)|Germany]]
|constituency = [[Germany (European Parliament constituency)|Germany]]
|birth_name =
|birth_name =
|birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1956|12|7|df=y}}
|birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1956|12|7|df=y}}
|birth_place = [[Uelzen]], [[Lower Saxony]], [[Germany]]
|birth_place = [[Uelzen]], [[Uelzen (district)|Uelzen]], [[Lower Saxony]], [[West Germany]]
|death_date =
|death_date =
|death_place =
|death_place =
|party = '''''{{flag|Germany|name=German}}:'''''<br>[[Alliance '90/The Greens]]<br>'''''{{flag|EU}}:'''''<br>[[The Greens–European Free Alliance]]
|party = '''''{{flag|Germany|name=German}}:'''''<br />[[Alliance '90/The Greens]]<br />'''''{{flag|EU}}:'''''<br />[[The Greens–European Free Alliance]]
|spouse =
|spouse =
|children =
|children =
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}}
}}


'''Rebecca Harms''' (born 7 December 1956) is a [[Germany|German]] politician and [[Member of the European Parliament]] (MEP) from [[Germany]]. She is a member of the [[Alliance '90/The Greens]], part of the [[European Green Party]]. Since 2010 she has been the president of [[The Greens–European Free Alliance]] group in the European parliament.
'''Rebecca Harms''' (born 7 December 1956) is a German politician who served as [[Member of the European Parliament]] (MEP) from 2004 until 2019. She is a member of the [[Alliance '90/The Greens]], part of the [[European Green Party]]. From 2010 until 2016 she served as president of [[The Greens–European Free Alliance]] group in the European Parliament.


==Early life and education==
==Early life and education==
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During the following years, Harms became active in the [[anti-nuclear movement]] and began to study at [[university]]. In 1984 {{Interlanguage link multi|Undine-Uta Bloch von Blottnitz|de}} employed her as an advisor after being elected to the [[European Parliament]]. She returned to her home in 1988 to work as a production manager at the Wendland Film Co-operative, producing, among other films, documentaries about the Gorleben protest movement.<ref>Constant Brand (July 14, 2010), [http://www.politico.eu/article/grown-up-anarchist/ Grown-up anarchist] ''[[Politico Europe|European Voice]]''.</ref>
During the following years, Harms became active in the [[anti-nuclear movement]] and began to study at [[university]]. In 1984 {{Interlanguage link multi|Undine-Uta Bloch von Blottnitz|de}} employed her as an advisor after being elected to the [[European Parliament]]. She returned to her home in 1988 to work as a production manager at the Wendland Film Co-operative, producing, among other films, documentaries about the Gorleben protest movement.<ref>Constant Brand (July 14, 2010), [http://www.politico.eu/article/grown-up-anarchist/ Grown-up anarchist] ''[[Politico Europe|European Voice]]''.</ref>


From 1994 to 2004, Harms was a member of the [[Landtag of Lower Saxony]]. From 1998 she served as chairwoman of her party on the state level. She has since been a member of the ''Parteirat'', the federal leadership body of Germany’s Green Party.
From 1994 to 2004, Harms was a member of the [[Landtag of Lower Saxony]]. From 1998 she served as chairwoman of her party on the state level. She has since been a member of the ''Parteirat'', the federal leadership body of Germany's Green Party.


===Member of the European Parliament, 2004-present===
===Member of the European Parliament, 2004–2019===
[[File:Rebecca Harms and Daniel Cohn-Bendit.jpg|thumb|Rebecca Harms and Daniel Cohn-Bendit, 2004]]
In [[European Parliament election, 2004 (Germany)|2004]], Harms was the top candidate of the Alliance 90/The Greens for the [[Elections to the European Parliament]] and in [[European Parliament election, 2009 (Germany)|2009]] she was elected again for parliament. Ahead of the [[European Parliament election, 2014 (Germany)|2014 elections]], she lost out against fellow German MEP [[Ska Keller]] to lead the European Greens’ campaign alongside [[José Bové]]; however, she eventually led the German Green Party in the election campaign.<ref>Gabriele Steinhauser (January 29, 2014), [http://blogs.wsj.com/brussels/2014/01/29/european-greens-tap-lead-candidates-for-may-elections/ European Greens Tap Lead Candidates for May Elections] ''[[Wall Street Journal]]''.</ref>
In [[2004 European Parliament election in Germany|2004]], Harms was the top candidate of the Alliance 90/The Greens for the [[Elections to the European Parliament]] and in [[2009 European Parliament election in Germany|2009]] she was elected again for parliament. Ahead of the [[2014 European Parliament election in Germany|2014 elections]], she lost out against fellow German MEP [[Ska Keller]] to lead the European Greens’ campaign alongside [[José Bové]]; however, she eventually led the German Green Party in the election campaign.<ref>Gabriele Steinhauser (January 29, 2014), [https://blogs.wsj.com/brussels/2014/01/29/european-greens-tap-lead-candidates-for-may-elections/ European Greens Tap Lead Candidates for May Elections] ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]''.</ref>
In her first term in parliament, Harms was a member of the [[Committee on Industry, Research and Energy]]. Between 2007 and 2009, she served as Vice Chairwoman of the Temporary Committee on [[Climate Change]]; she was part of the European Parliament’s delegation to the [[2007 United Nations Climate Change Conference]] in [[Bali]].<ref>Simon Taylor (November 21, 2007), [http://www.politico.eu/article/bali-bound-meps-2/ Bali-bound MEPs] ''[[Politico Europe|European Voice]]''.</ref>
In her first term in parliament, Harms was a member of the [[Committee on Industry, Research and Energy]]. Between 2007 and 2009, she served as Vice Chairwoman of the Temporary Committee on [[Climate Change]]; she was part of the European Parliament's delegations to the [[2007 United Nations Climate Change Conference]] in [[Bali]]<ref>Simon Taylor (November 21, 2007), [http://www.politico.eu/article/bali-bound-meps-2/ Bali-bound MEPs] ''[[Politico Europe|European Voice]]''.</ref> and the [[2008 United Nations Climate Change Conference]] in [[Poznań]].<ref>Jennifer Rankin (November 26, 2008), [http://www.politico.eu/article/meps-flock-to-poznan-meeting/ MEPs flock to Poznań meeting] ''[[European Voice]]''.</ref>


Harms has led the [[The Greens–European Free Alliance|Greens–European Free Alliance]] in the European Parliament since 2009, at first alongside [[Daniel Cohn-Bendit]] (2009–14) and later [[Philippe Lamberts]] (since 2014). In addition, she has been a member of the Committee of Inquiry into Emission Measurements in the Automotive Sector (dealing with the [[Volkswagen emissions scandal]]) since 2016.
Harms led the [[The Greens–European Free Alliance|Greens–European Free Alliance]] in the European Parliament from 2009, at first alongside [[Daniel Cohn-Bendit]] (2009–2014) and later [[Philippe Lamberts]] (2014–2016). In addition, she was a member of the Committee of Inquiry into Emission Measurements in the Automotive Sector (dealing with the [[Volkswagen emissions scandal]]) from 2016. From 2017 until 2019, she served as chairwoman of the delegation to the [[Euronest Parliamentary Assembly]], which deals with relations with Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine.


Harms was a Green Party delegate to the [[Federal Convention (Germany)|Federal Convention]] for the purpose of electing the [[President of Germany]] in 2004 and 2012.
On the national level, Harms was a Green Party delegate to the [[Federal Convention (Germany)|Federal Convention]] for the purpose of electing the [[President of Germany]] in 2004 and 2012.


In October 2016, Harms announced that she would resign from her position as co-chairwoman of the Greens–European Free Alliance.<ref>Christine Heuer (October 22, 2016), [http://www.deutschlandfunk.de/rueckzug-von-rebecca-harms-gruene-es-gibt-eine-zu-starke-ja.694.de.html Rückzug von Rebecca Harms (Grüne): "Es gibt eine zu starke Ja-aber-Haltung"] ''[[Deutschlandfunk]]''.</ref>
In October 2016, Harms announced that she would resign from her position as co-chairwoman of the Greens–European Free Alliance.<ref>Christine Heuer (October 22, 2016), [http://www.deutschlandfunk.de/rueckzug-von-rebecca-harms-gruene-es-gibt-eine-zu-starke-ja.694.de.html Rückzug von Rebecca Harms (Grüne): "Es gibt eine zu starke Ja-aber-Haltung"] ''[[Deutschlandfunk]]''.</ref> Since beginning of 2017, she is the chairwoman of the delegation to the Euronest Parliamentary Assembly, and Member of the Conference of Delegation Chairs. She is member of the [[Committee on Industry, Research and Energy]] (ITRE) and the Delegation to the EU-Ukraine Parliamentary Association Committee, as well as the delegation to the EU-Russia Parliamentary Cooperation Committee. As Substitute Member, she is on the [[European Parliament Committee on Foreign Affairs|Committee on Foreign Affairs]] (AFET) and the [[European Parliament Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety|Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety]] (ENVI). She also represented the European Parliament in the [[Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights|OSCE/ODIHR]] international observation mission for the [[2019 Moldovan parliamentary election]].<ref>[http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20190222IPR28409/ep-delegation-to-observe-parliamentary-elections-in-moldova EP delegation to observe parliamentary elections in Moldova] [[European Parliament]], press release of February 22, 2019.</ref>

In July 2018, Harms announced that she would not stand in the [[2019 European Parliament election in Germany|2019 European elections]] but instead resign from active politics by the end of the parliamentary term.<ref>[http://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/rebecca-harms-tritt-nicht-mehr-zur-europawahl-an-a-1216338.html Europawahl: Grünen-Abgeordnete Harms kandidiert nicht nochmal für EU-Parlament] ''[[Spiegel Online]]'', July 3, 2018.</ref>


==Political positions==
==Political positions==


===On nuclear energy===
===On nuclear energy===
Living in the [[Lüchow-Dannenberg|Wendland]] region which became known nationwide for the [[Gorleben]] atomic waste site, Harms is a declared opponent of [[nuclear power]]. In 2006, she commissioned two UK scientists for an alternate report, entitled [[TORCH report|TORCH]], to the disputed November 2005 IAEA report on the consequences of the [[Chernobyl disaster]]. She has been an outspoken critic of EU funding for the experimental [[ITER|International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor]] (ITER) fusion project, money that, in her view, would be better spent on research into renewable energy.<ref>Constant Brand (July 14, 2010), [http://www.politico.eu/article/grown-up-anarchist/ Grown-up anarchist] ''[[Politico Europe|European Voice]]''.</ref> After European Union leaders in 2011 decided that [[nuclear reactors]] across all 27 member nations should undergo safety tests in response to the continuing radiation leaks from the [[Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant]] in Japan, Harms criticized that the tests were "designed to give the impression that there’s a new evaluation of the risks of nuclear power" but instead are meant "to win new acceptance for nuclear power."<ref>James Kanter (March 25, 2011), [https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/26/business/global/26nuke.html Europe to Test Safety of Nuclear Reactors] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref>
Living in the [[Lüchow-Dannenberg|Wendland]] region which became known nationwide for the [[Gorleben]] atomic waste site, Harms is a declared opponent of [[nuclear power]]. In 2006, she commissioned two UK scientists for an alternate report, entitled [[TORCH report|TORCH]], to the disputed November 2005 IAEA report on the consequences of the [[Chernobyl disaster]]. She has been an outspoken critic of EU funding for the experimental [[ITER|International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor]] (ITER) fusion project, money that, in her view, would be better spent on research into renewable energy.<ref>Constant Brand (July 14, 2010), [http://www.politico.eu/article/grown-up-anarchist/ Grown-up anarchist] ''[[Politico Europe|European Voice]]''.</ref> After European Union leaders in 2011 decided that [[nuclear reactors]] across all 27 member nations should undergo safety tests in response to the continuing radiation leaks from the [[Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant]] in Japan, Harms criticized that the tests were "designed to give the impression that there’s a new evaluation of the risks of nuclear power" but instead are meant "to win new acceptance for nuclear power."<ref>James Kanter (March 25, 2011), [https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/26/business/global/26nuke.html Europe to Test Safety of Nuclear Reactors] ''[[The New York Times]]''.</ref>


===On NSA surveillance and Edward Snowden===
===On NSA surveillance and Edward Snowden===
After German newsmagazine ''[[Der Spiegel]]'' reported in 2013 that American intelligence agencies had monitored the offices of the European Union in New York and Washington,<ref>Laura Poitras, Marcel Rosenbach and Holger Stark (August 26, 2013), [http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/secret-nsa-documents-show-how-the-us-spies-on-europe-and-the-un-a-918625.html Codename 'Apalachee': How America Spies on Europe and the UN] ''[[Der Spiegel]]''.</ref> Harms called for a special committee to investigate the claims and the possible cancellation of existing agreements between the European Union and the United States concerning bank transaction information and airline passenger data.<ref>Stephen Castle and Eric Schmitt (June 30, 2013), [https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/01/world/europe/europeans-voice-anger-over-reports-of-spying-by-us-on-its-allies.html Europeans Voice Anger Over Reports of Spying by U.S. on Its Allies] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref>
After German newsmagazine ''[[Der Spiegel]]'' reported in 2013 that American intelligence agencies had monitored the offices of the European Union in New York and Washington,<ref>Laura Poitras, Marcel Rosenbach and Holger Stark (August 26, 2013), [http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/secret-nsa-documents-show-how-the-us-spies-on-europe-and-the-un-a-918625.html Codename 'Apalachee': How America Spies on Europe and the UN] ''[[Der Spiegel]]''.</ref> Harms called for a special committee to investigate the claims and the possible cancellation of existing agreements between the European Union and the United States concerning bank transaction information and airline passenger data.<ref>Stephen Castle and Eric Schmitt (June 30, 2013), [https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/01/world/europe/europeans-voice-anger-over-reports-of-spying-by-us-on-its-allies.html Europeans Voice Anger Over Reports of Spying by U.S. on Its Allies] ''[[The New York Times]]''.</ref>


===On Russia and Ukraine===
===On Russia and Ukraine===
During the Ukraine crisis, Harms – a longtime critic of Putin<ref>Anton Troianovski (November 21, 2014), [http://www.wsj.com/articles/broadcasters-russia-coverage-under-fire-as-germany-debates-ukraine-crisis-1416606433 Broadcaster’s Russia Coverage Under Fire as Germany Debates Ukraine Crisis] ''[[Wall Street Journal]]''.</ref> – made a number of statements supporting Ukraine and criticizing Moscow. In December 2013, she addressed the thousands of Ukrainians in [[Maidan Nezalezhnosti]] protesting the previous regime's rejection of a pact with the European Union.<ref>Naftali Bendavid (September 26, 2014), [http://online.wsj.com/articles/eu-parliamentarian-refused-entry-to-russia-1411742065 EU Parliamentarian Refused Entry to Russia] ''[[Wall Street Journal]]''.</ref> In the context of European efforts to unify their political response to Russia’s annexation of Crimea in 2014, Harms claimed that “in the face of a new threat of war in Europe, E.U. states have indeed agreed on a joint strategy towards Russia.”<ref>Paul Taylor (March 31, 2014), [https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/01/business/international/how-the-ukraine-crisis-may-change-the-world.html How the Ukraine Crisis May Change the World] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref> In April 2015, Harms therefore sharply criticized [[Prime Minister of Greece|Prime Minister]] [[Alexis Tsipras]] of [[Greece]] for threatening to break ranks on the [[International sanctions during the Ukrainian crisis|EU sanctions against Russia over the Ukraine crisis]], calling his visit to [[President of Russia|President]] [[Vladimir Putin]] “clearly pro-Russian and anti-European.“<ref>Sandra Schulz (April 9, 2015), [http://www.deutschlandfunk.de/tsipras-staatsbesuch-in-moskau-athen-schwaecht-eu-kurs.694.de.html?dram:article_id=316495 "Athen schwächt EU-Kurs gegen Russland"] ''[[Deutschlandfunk]]''.</ref>
During the war against Ukraine, Harms – a longtime critic of Putin<ref>{{Cite news|last=Troianovski|first=Anton|author-link=Anton Troianovski|date=2014-11-21|title=Broadcaster's Russia Coverage Under Fire as Germany Debates Ukraine Crisis|language=en|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|location=Berlin|url=https://online.wsj.com/articles/broadcasters-russia-coverage-under-fire-as-germany-debates-ukraine-crisis-1416606433|url-access=registration|access-date=2022-02-08|issn=0099-9660}}</ref> – made a number of statements supporting Ukraine and criticizing Moscow. In December 2013, she addressed the thousands of Ukrainians in [[Maidan Nezalezhnosti]] protesting the regime's rejection of a pact with the European Union.<ref>Naftali Bendavid (September 26, 2014), [https://online.wsj.com/articles/eu-parliamentarian-refused-entry-to-russia-1411742065 EU Parliamentarian Refused Entry to Russia] ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]''.</ref> In the context of European efforts to unify their political response to Russia's annexation of Crimea in 2014, Harms claimed that “in the face of a new threat of war in Europe, EU states have indeed agreed on a joint strategy towards Russia.”<ref>Paul Taylor (March 31, 2014), [https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/01/business/international/how-the-ukraine-crisis-may-change-the-world.html How the Ukraine Crisis May Change the World] ''[[The New York Times]]''.</ref> In April 2015, Harms therefore sharply criticized [[Prime Minister of Greece|Prime Minister]] [[Alexis Tsipras]] of [[Greece]] for threatening to break ranks on the [[International sanctions during the Ukrainian crisis|EU sanctions against Russia over the Ukraine crisis]], calling his visit to [[President of Russia|President]] [[Vladimir Putin]] “clearly pro-Russian and anti-European.“<ref>Sandra Schulz (April 9, 2015), [http://www.deutschlandfunk.de/tsipras-staatsbesuch-in-moskau-athen-schwaecht-eu-kurs.694.de.html?dram:article_id=316495 "Athen schwächt EU-Kurs gegen Russland"] ''[[Deutschlandfunk]]''.</ref>


Harms was a member of the parliament’s monitoring mission during the [[Ukrainian parliamentary election, 2014|Ukrainian parliamentary elections]] in 2014, led by [[Andrej Plenković]].<ref>Jeanette Minns (October 9, 2014), [http://www.politico.eu/article/parliaments-mission-to-ukrainian-elections/ Parliament’s mission to Ukrainian elections] ''[[European Voice]]''.</ref>
Harms was a member of the parliament's monitoring mission during the [[2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election|Ukrainian parliamentary elections]] in 2014, led by [[Andrej Plenković]].<ref>Jeanette Minns (October 9, 2014), [http://www.politico.eu/article/parliaments-mission-to-ukrainian-elections/ Parliament’s mission to Ukrainian elections] ''[[European Voice]]''.</ref>


On September 25, 2014, Harms who arrived to [[Moscow]] to witness court trial against [[Nadiya Savchenko]] was denied entrance to the [[Russian Federation]] and was announced as ''[[persona non grata]]''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140925193844/http://en.europeonline-magazine.eu/european-parliament-member-declared-persona-non-grata-by-russia_356869.html European Parliament member declared persona non grata by Russia]. Europe Online. 25 September 2014</ref> She was informed that her entrance to Russia could be qualified as a crime.<ref>[http://www.dw.de/%D1%94%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%83-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BA%D1%83-%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%81-%D0%BD%D0%B5-%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8-%D0%B4%D0%BE-%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8/a-17956201 European MP Rebecca Harms was denied entrance to Moscow]. ''[[Deutsche Welle]]'' (Ukraine). 25 September 2014</ref> In 2015, news media reported that Harms was indeed included in a Russian blacklist of prominent people from the [[European Union]] who are not allowed to enter the country.<ref>Laurence Norman (May 30, 2015), [http://www.wsj.com/articles/russia-produces-blacklist-of-eu-people-banned-from-entering-russia-1432986289 Russia Produces Blacklist of EU People Banned From Entering Country] ''[[Wall Street Journal]]''.</ref><ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-32949236 European Union anger at Russian travel blacklist] ''[[BBC News]]'', May 31, 2015.</ref>
On 25 September 2014 Harms, who had arrived in [[Moscow]] to witness the court trial against [[Nadiya Savchenko]], was denied entrance to the [[Russian Federation]] and was announced as ''[[persona non grata]]''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140925193844/http://en.europeonline-magazine.eu/european-parliament-member-declared-persona-non-grata-by-russia_356869.html European Parliament member declared persona non grata by Russia]. Europe Online. 25 September 2014</ref> She was informed that her entrance to Russia could be qualified as a crime.<ref>[http://www.dw.de/%D1%94%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%83-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BA%D1%83-%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%81-%D0%BD%D0%B5-%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8-%D0%B4%D0%BE-%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8/a-17956201 European MP Rebecca Harms was denied entrance to Moscow]. ''[[Deutsche Welle]]'' (Ukraine). 25 September 2014</ref> In 2015, news media reported that Harms was indeed included in a Russian blacklist of prominent people from the [[European Union]] who are not allowed to enter the country.<ref>Laurence Norman (May 30, 2015), [https://www.wsj.com/articles/russia-produces-blacklist-of-eu-people-banned-from-entering-russia-1432986289 Russia Produces Blacklist of EU People Banned From Entering Country] ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]''.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-32949236 European Union anger at Russian travel blacklist] ''[[BBC News]]'', May 31, 2015.</ref>


When Finland announced plans in 2014 to build a nuclear reactor in cooperation with Russian firm [[Rosatom]] and on the condition that Finland maintains an energy partnership with Russia over the subsequent years, Harms described the decision as "wrong". She insisted that "with a Russian partner, it is even worse," as this was "totally contrary to the EU's energy security goals, which aim to cut the EU's damaging dependency on Russian energy."<ref>Julie Levy-Abegnoli (December 8, 2014), [https://www.theparliamentmagazine.eu/articles/news/russia-moves-finnish-nuclear-energy-market Russia moves in on Finnish nuclear energy market] ''[[The Parliament Magazine]]''.</ref>
When Finland announced plans in 2014 to build a nuclear reactor in cooperation with Russian firm [[Rosatom]] and on the condition that Finland maintains an energy partnership with Russia over the subsequent years, Harms described the decision as "wrong". She insisted that "with a Russian partner, it is even worse," as this was "totally contrary to the EU's energy security goals, which aim to cut the EU's damaging dependency on Russian energy."<ref>Julie Levy-Abegnoli (December 8, 2014), [https://www.theparliamentmagazine.eu/articles/news/russia-moves-finnish-nuclear-energy-market Russia moves in on Finnish nuclear energy market] ''[[The Parliament Magazine]]''.</ref>
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Harms is fundamentally supportive of the [[European Commission]]’s 2015 proposal for an Energy Union, but warned that while reducing Europe’s dependence on Russian energy imports "we escape into the arms of [[Azerbaijan]] or [[Kazakhstan]] instead of the home-grown renewables sector."<ref>Stephen Brown (February 25, 2015), [http://www.euractiv.com/sections/energy/eu-leaders-back-commissions-energy-union-plans-313093] ''[[EurActiv]]''.</ref>
Harms is fundamentally supportive of the [[European Commission]]’s 2015 proposal for an Energy Union, but warned that while reducing Europe’s dependence on Russian energy imports "we escape into the arms of [[Azerbaijan]] or [[Kazakhstan]] instead of the home-grown renewables sector."<ref>Stephen Brown (February 25, 2015), [http://www.euractiv.com/sections/energy/eu-leaders-back-commissions-energy-union-plans-313093] ''[[EurActiv]]''.</ref>


Along with other senior MEPs from the European Parliament’s main groups – including [[Elmar Brok]] and [[Guy Verhofstadt]] –, Harms signed a 2016 letter to EU foreign relations chief [[Federica Mogherini]] in which they urge the EU to impose sanctions on Russian officials over the killing of anti-corruption activist [[Sergei Magnitsky]].<ref>Andrew Rettman (May 3, 2016), [https://euobserver.com/foreign/133317 MEPs clarify position on Magnitsky sanctions] ''[[EUobserver]]''.</ref>
Along with other senior MEPs from the European Parliament's main groups – including [[Elmar Brok]] and [[Guy Verhofstadt]] –, Harms signed a 2016 letter to EU foreign relations chief [[Federica Mogherini]] in which they urge the EU to impose sanctions on Russian officials over the killing of anti-corruption activist [[Sergei Magnitsky]].<ref>Andrew Rettman (May 3, 2016), [https://euobserver.com/foreign/133317 MEPs clarify position on Magnitsky sanctions] ''[[EUobserver]]''.</ref>


==Other activities==
==Other activities==
=== Corporate boards ===
⚫
*German Industry Initiative for Energy Efficiency (DENEFF), Member of the Parliamentary Advisory Board
* [[Volkswagen]], Member of the Sustainability Council (since 2020)<ref>[https://www.volkswagenag.com/en/news/2020/09/volkswagen_sustainability_council_new.html Volkswagen extends cooperation with independent Sustainability Council] [[Volkswagen]], press release of September 9, 2020.</ref><ref>Thomas Kruse (September 16, 2020), [https://www.wolfsburger-nachrichten.de/wolfsburg/article230440110/Gibt-die-Gruene-im-VW-Beirat-dem-VW-Chef-kuenftig-contra.html Gibt die Grüne im VW-Beirat dem VW-Chef künftig contra?] ''[[Braunschweiger Zeitung|Wolfsburger Nachrichten]]''.</ref>
⚫
*[[Wilhelm Busch Museum]], Member of the Advisory Board

⚫
*[[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]], Member of the Advisory Committee<ref>[http://www.greens-efa.eu/de/36-details/harms-rebecca-39.html Rebecca Harms] [[The Greens–European Free Alliance]].</ref>
=== Non-profit organizations ===
* [[EastWest Institute]], Member of the Parliamentarians Network for Conflict Prevention<ref>[http://pncp.info/members Members] [[EastWest Institute]], Parliamentarians Network for Conflict Prevention.</ref>
⚫
* German Industry Initiative for Energy Efficiency (DENEFF), Member of the Parliamentary Advisory Board
⚫
* [[Wilhelm Busch Museum]], Member of the Advisory Board
⚫
* [[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]], Member of the Advisory Committee<ref>[http://www.greens-efa.eu/de/36-details/harms-rebecca-39.html Rebecca Harms] [[The Greens–European Free Alliance]].</ref>
* Zentrum Liberale Moderne, Member of the International Advisory Board<ref>[https://libmod.de/ueber-uns/beirat/ International Advisory Board] Zentrum Liberale Moderne.</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|3}}
{{Reflist|30em}}


==External links==
==External links==
* {{Commons category inline|Rebecca Harms}}
* {{Commons category-inline|Rebecca Harms}}
* [http://www.r4e.rebecca-harms.de/ Official website for the European elections] {{de icon}} {{en icon}} {{fr icon}}
* [http://www.r4e.rebecca-harms.de/ Official website for the European elections] {{in lang|de|en|fr}}
* [http://www.rebecca-harms.de/ Official website] {{de icon}}
* [http://www.rebecca-harms.de/ Official website] {{in lang|de}}
* [http://www.greens-efa.eu/ Official website of The Greens/European Free Alliance]
* [http://www.greens-efa.eu/ Official website of The Greens/European Free Alliance]
* [http://www.gruene-europa.de/ Official website of the German delegation of the Greens in the European parliament] {{de icon}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120630110057/http://www.gruene-europa.de/ Official website of the German delegation of the Greens in the European parliament] {{in lang|de}}
* {{IMDb name|1257349|Rebecca Harms}}
* {{IMDb name|1257349|Rebecca Harms}}


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{{European Parliament MEPs, 2009-2014 (Germany) by party}}
{{European Parliament MEPs, 2014-2019 (Germany) by party}}
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Latest revision as of 20:51, 21 August 2024

Rebecca Harms
MEP
Member of the European Parliament
In office
20 July 2004 – 2019
ConstituencyGermany
Personal details
Born (1956-12-07) 7 December 1956 (age 67)
Uelzen, Uelzen, Lower Saxony, West Germany
Political party German:
Alliance '90/The Greens
 EU:
The Greens–European Free Alliance
Websitewww.rebecca-harms.de

Rebecca Harms (born 7 December 1956) is a German politician who served as Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2004 until 2019. She is a member of the Alliance '90/The Greens, part of the European Green Party. From 2010 until 2016 she served as president of The Greens–European Free Alliance group in the European Parliament.

Early life and education

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Harms was born into a traditional working-class household[1] and grew up in a village near Uelzen in Lower Saxony. She finished school with the Abitur in 1975 and began her career with an apprenticeship in plant nursery and landscape gardening.[2] During her apprenticeship years, she moved with like-minded friends to an abandoned farm in the nearby district of Lüchow-Dannenberg and joined a local organic farmers’ co-operative.[3]

Political career

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During the following years, Harms became active in the anti-nuclear movement and began to study at university. In 1984 Undine-Uta Bloch von Blottnitz [de] employed her as an advisor after being elected to the European Parliament. She returned to her home in 1988 to work as a production manager at the Wendland Film Co-operative, producing, among other films, documentaries about the Gorleben protest movement.[4]

From 1994 to 2004, Harms was a member of the Landtag of Lower Saxony. From 1998 she served as chairwoman of her party on the state level. She has since been a member of the Parteirat, the federal leadership body of Germany's Green Party.

Member of the European Parliament, 2004–2019

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Rebecca Harms and Daniel Cohn-Bendit, 2004

In 2004, Harms was the top candidate of the Alliance 90/The Greens for the Elections to the European Parliament and in 2009 she was elected again for parliament. Ahead of the 2014 elections, she lost out against fellow German MEP Ska Keller to lead the European Greens’ campaign alongside José Bové; however, she eventually led the German Green Party in the election campaign.[5]

In her first term in parliament, Harms was a member of the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy. Between 2007 and 2009, she served as Vice Chairwoman of the Temporary Committee on Climate Change; she was part of the European Parliament's delegations to the 2007 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Bali[6] and the 2008 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Poznań.[7]

Harms led the Greens–European Free Alliance in the European Parliament from 2009, at first alongside Daniel Cohn-Bendit (2009–2014) and later Philippe Lamberts (2014–2016). In addition, she was a member of the Committee of Inquiry into Emission Measurements in the Automotive Sector (dealing with the Volkswagen emissions scandal) from 2016. From 2017 until 2019, she served as chairwoman of the delegation to the Euronest Parliamentary Assembly, which deals with relations with Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine.

On the national level, Harms was a Green Party delegate to the Federal Convention for the purpose of electing the President of Germany in 2004 and 2012.

In October 2016, Harms announced that she would resign from her position as co-chairwoman of the Greens–European Free Alliance.[8] Since beginning of 2017, she is the chairwoman of the delegation to the Euronest Parliamentary Assembly, and Member of the Conference of Delegation Chairs. She is member of the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy (ITRE) and the Delegation to the EU-Ukraine Parliamentary Association Committee, as well as the delegation to the EU-Russia Parliamentary Cooperation Committee. As Substitute Member, she is on the Committee on Foreign Affairs (AFET) and the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety (ENVI). She also represented the European Parliament in the OSCE/ODIHR international observation mission for the 2019 Moldovan parliamentary election.[9]

In July 2018, Harms announced that she would not stand in the 2019 European elections but instead resign from active politics by the end of the parliamentary term.[10]

Political positions

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On nuclear energy

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Living in the Wendland region which became known nationwide for the Gorleben atomic waste site, Harms is a declared opponent of nuclear power. In 2006, she commissioned two UK scientists for an alternate report, entitled TORCH, to the disputed November 2005 IAEA report on the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster. She has been an outspoken critic of EU funding for the experimental International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) fusion project, money that, in her view, would be better spent on research into renewable energy.[11] After European Union leaders in 2011 decided that nuclear reactors across all 27 member nations should undergo safety tests in response to the continuing radiation leaks from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in Japan, Harms criticized that the tests were "designed to give the impression that there’s a new evaluation of the risks of nuclear power" but instead are meant "to win new acceptance for nuclear power."[12]

On NSA surveillance and Edward Snowden

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After German newsmagazine Der Spiegel reported in 2013 that American intelligence agencies had monitored the offices of the European Union in New York and Washington,[13] Harms called for a special committee to investigate the claims and the possible cancellation of existing agreements between the European Union and the United States concerning bank transaction information and airline passenger data.[14]

On Russia and Ukraine

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During the war against Ukraine, Harms – a longtime critic of Putin[15] – made a number of statements supporting Ukraine and criticizing Moscow. In December 2013, she addressed the thousands of Ukrainians in Maidan Nezalezhnosti protesting the regime's rejection of a pact with the European Union.[16] In the context of European efforts to unify their political response to Russia's annexation of Crimea in 2014, Harms claimed that “in the face of a new threat of war in Europe, EU states have indeed agreed on a joint strategy towards Russia.”[17] In April 2015, Harms therefore sharply criticized Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras of Greece for threatening to break ranks on the EU sanctions against Russia over the Ukraine crisis, calling his visit to President Vladimir Putin “clearly pro-Russian and anti-European.“[18]

Harms was a member of the parliament's monitoring mission during the Ukrainian parliamentary elections in 2014, led by Andrej Plenković.[19]

On 25 September 2014 Harms, who had arrived in Moscow to witness the court trial against Nadiya Savchenko, was denied entrance to the Russian Federation and was announced as persona non grata.[20] She was informed that her entrance to Russia could be qualified as a crime.[21] In 2015, news media reported that Harms was indeed included in a Russian blacklist of prominent people from the European Union who are not allowed to enter the country.[22][23]

When Finland announced plans in 2014 to build a nuclear reactor in cooperation with Russian firm Rosatom and on the condition that Finland maintains an energy partnership with Russia over the subsequent years, Harms described the decision as "wrong". She insisted that "with a Russian partner, it is even worse," as this was "totally contrary to the EU's energy security goals, which aim to cut the EU's damaging dependency on Russian energy."[24]

Harms is fundamentally supportive of the European Commission’s 2015 proposal for an Energy Union, but warned that while reducing Europe’s dependence on Russian energy imports "we escape into the arms of Azerbaijan or Kazakhstan instead of the home-grown renewables sector."[25]

Along with other senior MEPs from the European Parliament's main groups – including Elmar Brok and Guy Verhofstadt –, Harms signed a 2016 letter to EU foreign relations chief Federica Mogherini in which they urge the EU to impose sanctions on Russian officials over the killing of anti-corruption activist Sergei Magnitsky.[26]

Other activities

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Corporate boards

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Non-profit organizations

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  • EastWest Institute, Member of the Parliamentarians Network for Conflict Prevention[29]
  • German Industry Initiative for Energy Efficiency (DENEFF), Member of the Parliamentary Advisory Board
  • Wilhelm Busch Museum, Member of the Advisory Board
  • Norddeutscher Rundfunk, Member of the Advisory Committee[30]
  • Zentrum Liberale Moderne, Member of the International Advisory Board[31]

References

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  1. ^ Constant Brand (July 14, 2010), Grown-up anarchist European Voice.
  2. ^ Biography in German
  3. ^ Constant Brand (July 14, 2010), Grown-up anarchist European Voice.
  4. ^ Constant Brand (July 14, 2010), Grown-up anarchist European Voice.
  5. ^ Gabriele Steinhauser (January 29, 2014), European Greens Tap Lead Candidates for May Elections The Wall Street Journal.
  6. ^ Simon Taylor (November 21, 2007), Bali-bound MEPs European Voice.
  7. ^ Jennifer Rankin (November 26, 2008), MEPs flock to Poznań meeting European Voice.
  8. ^ Christine Heuer (October 22, 2016), Rückzug von Rebecca Harms (Grüne): "Es gibt eine zu starke Ja-aber-Haltung" Deutschlandfunk.
  9. ^ EP delegation to observe parliamentary elections in Moldova European Parliament, press release of February 22, 2019.
  10. ^ Europawahl: Grünen-Abgeordnete Harms kandidiert nicht nochmal für EU-Parlament Spiegel Online, July 3, 2018.
  11. ^ Constant Brand (July 14, 2010), Grown-up anarchist European Voice.
  12. ^ James Kanter (March 25, 2011), Europe to Test Safety of Nuclear Reactors The New York Times.
  13. ^ Laura Poitras, Marcel Rosenbach and Holger Stark (August 26, 2013), Codename 'Apalachee': How America Spies on Europe and the UN Der Spiegel.
  14. ^ Stephen Castle and Eric Schmitt (June 30, 2013), Europeans Voice Anger Over Reports of Spying by U.S. on Its Allies The New York Times.
  15. ^ Troianovski, Anton (2014-11-21). "Broadcaster's Russia Coverage Under Fire as Germany Debates Ukraine Crisis". The Wall Street Journal. Berlin. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2022-02-08.
  16. ^ Naftali Bendavid (September 26, 2014), EU Parliamentarian Refused Entry to Russia The Wall Street Journal.
  17. ^ Paul Taylor (March 31, 2014), How the Ukraine Crisis May Change the World The New York Times.
  18. ^ Sandra Schulz (April 9, 2015), "Athen schwächt EU-Kurs gegen Russland" Deutschlandfunk.
  19. ^ Jeanette Minns (October 9, 2014), Parliament’s mission to Ukrainian elections European Voice.
  20. ^ European Parliament member declared persona non grata by Russia. Europe Online. 25 September 2014
  21. ^ European MP Rebecca Harms was denied entrance to Moscow. Deutsche Welle (Ukraine). 25 September 2014
  22. ^ Laurence Norman (May 30, 2015), Russia Produces Blacklist of EU People Banned From Entering Country The Wall Street Journal.
  23. ^ European Union anger at Russian travel blacklist BBC News, May 31, 2015.
  24. ^ Julie Levy-Abegnoli (December 8, 2014), Russia moves in on Finnish nuclear energy market The Parliament Magazine.
  25. ^ Stephen Brown (February 25, 2015), [1] EurActiv.
  26. ^ Andrew Rettman (May 3, 2016), MEPs clarify position on Magnitsky sanctions EUobserver.
  27. ^ Volkswagen extends cooperation with independent Sustainability Council Volkswagen, press release of September 9, 2020.
  28. ^ Thomas Kruse (September 16, 2020), Gibt die Grüne im VW-Beirat dem VW-Chef künftig contra? Wolfsburger Nachrichten.
  29. ^ Members EastWest Institute, Parliamentarians Network for Conflict Prevention.
  30. ^ Rebecca Harms The Greens–European Free Alliance.
  31. ^ International Advisory Board Zentrum Liberale Moderne.
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