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'''Chornomorsk''' ({{lang-uk|Чорноморськ}}, {{IPA-uk|t͡ʃornoˈmɔrsʲk|pron|audio=Uk-Чорноморськ.ogg}}), formerly '''Illichivsk''' ({{Lang-uk|Іллічівськ}}), is a [[city]] in [[Odesa Raion]], [[Odesa Oblast]] ([[Oblast|province]]) of south-western [[Ukraine]], dependent on the [[Port of Chornomorsk]]. It hosts the administration of [[Chornomorsk urban hromada]], one of the [[hromada]]s of Ukraine.<ref name="admreform_2020_chornomorsk">{{cite web |title=Черноморская громада |url=https://gromada.info/ru/obschina/chornomorsk/ |publisher=Портал об'єднаних громад України |language=ru}}</ref> The city is located around the [[Sukhyi Estuary]]. Its population was given as {{Ua-pop-est2022|57,983|.}}
'''Chornomorsk''' ({{lang-uk|Чорноморськ}}, {{IPA|uk|t͡ʃornoˈmɔrsʲk|pron|audio=Uk-Чорноморськ.ogg}}), formerly '''Illichivsk''' ({{Lang-uk|Іллічівськ}}), is a [[city]] in [[Odesa Raion]], [[Odesa Oblast]], south-western [[Ukraine]], dependent on the [[Port of Chornomorsk]]. It hosts the administration of [[Chornomorsk urban hromada]], one of the [[hromada]]s of Ukraine.<ref name="admreform_2020_chornomorsk">{{cite web |title=Черноморская громада |url=https://gromada.info/ru/obschina/chornomorsk/ |publisher=Портал об'єднаних громад України |language=ru}}</ref> The city is located around the [[Sukhyi Estuary]]. Its population was given as {{Ua-pop-est2022|57,983|.}}


Originally, the city was established as a [[satellite town]] of [[Odesa]].
Originally, the city was established as a [[satellite town]] of [[Odesa]].
Line 67: Line 67:
==Demographics==
==Demographics==
According to the [[2001 Ukrainian Census]]:
According to the [[2001 Ukrainian Census]]:
{| class="standard"
{| class="wikitable"
! Ethnicity
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Ethnicity'''
! Proportion
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|Proportion
|-
|-
| [[Ukrainians]] ||66.5%
| [[Ukrainians]] ||66.5%
Line 85: Line 85:
{{see also|UkrFerry}}
{{see also|UkrFerry}}


Chornomorsk was connected by freight train ferry line (426&nbsp;km) to [[Varna, Bulgaria|Varna]] in [[Bulgaria]] in 1978. Four train ferries two Soviet and two Bulgarian ones, named "Hero of Odesa", "Hero of Sevastopol" and "Hero of Schipka", "Hero of Pleven" which could take in three decks a total of 108 two bogie (four axle) Soviet freight cars. In the first ten-year period (1978–1988), these train ferries had transported 1,000,000 freight cars between Illichivsk and Varna. This train ferry service took 17 hours in both directions. The Bulgarians built [[break of gauge]] apparatus at Varna which made it possible to change bogies of 24 freight cars in one hour thirty minutes.
Chornomorsk was connected by freight train ferry line (426&nbsp;km) to [[Varna, Bulgaria|Varna]] in [[Bulgaria]] in 1978. There were train ferries, two Soviet and two Bulgarian, named "Hero of Odesa", "Hero of Sevastopol" and "Hero of Schipka", "Hero of Pleven", which could take in three decks a total of 108 two bogie (four axle) Soviet freight cars. In the first ten-year period (1978–1988), these train ferries had transported 1,000,000 freight cars between Illichivsk and Varna. This train ferry service took 17 hours in both directions. The Bulgarians built [[break of gauge]] apparatus at Varna which made it possible to change bogies of 24 freight cars in one hour thirty minutes.


=== Industries ===
=== Industries ===

Revision as of 00:48, 26 August 2024

Not to be confused with Chornomorske or Chornomorske, Odesa Oblast.
Chornomorsk
Чорноморськ
City
Myru Avenue - one of the main streets of the city
Myru Avenue - one of the main streets of the city
Flag of Chornomorsk
Flag
Coat of arms of Chornomorsk
Coat of arms
Chornomorsk is located in Odesa Oblast
Chornomorsk
Chornomorsk
Chornomorsk is located in Ukraine
Chornomorsk
Chornomorsk
Coordinates: 46°18′06.0″N 30°39′25.0″E / 46.301667°N 30.656944°E / 46.301667; 30.656944
Country Ukraine
OblastOdesa Oblast
RaionOdesa Raion
HromadaChornomorsk urban hromada
Area
 • Total25 km2 (10 sq mi)
Elevation
29 m (95 ft)
Population
 (2022)[1]
 • Total57,983
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal code
68000—68090
Area code+380 4868
ClimateCfb
Websitecmr.gov.ua

Chornomorsk (Template:Lang-uk, pronounced [t͡ʃornoˈmɔrsʲk] ⓘ), formerly Illichivsk (Template:Lang-uk), is a city in Odesa Raion, Odesa Oblast, south-western Ukraine, dependent on the Port of Chornomorsk. It hosts the administration of Chornomorsk urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.[2] The city is located around the Sukhyi Estuary. Its population was given as 57,983 (2022 estimate).[1]

Originally, the city was established as a satellite town of Odesa.

Geography

Chornomorsk seafront

Chornomorsk is situated on the coast of the Black Sea, 12 miles (20 km) south from Odesa.

History

Before the construction of a port with a city, the region was the site of a number of unorganized farmsteads and hamlets (khutir) that were collectively known as Buhovi khutory (Template:Lang-uk) that were located on agricultural lots of a local landowner Andriy Buhovyi. After establishing of the Soviet regime and "nationalization" and collectivization of the area, in 1927 the settlement was renamed into Illichivskyi Khutir.[citation needed]

Monument of Oleksii Danchenko, the founder of the city

In 1952 a port was established, and its surrounding territory was urbanized and converted into a city of Illichivsk. The city was designed to become a new home for the Black Sea Shipping Company (then the largest passenger and commercial vessel operator in the world). Originally a builder's trailer village, Chornomorsk has expanded to become Ukraine's most prosperous town by income per capita. Residents are mostly employed by the port (one of the largest ports of Europe) and the maritime industry. Residents of Odesa have recently begun relocating to lower-cost but higher-income Chornomorsk.[citation needed]

On 15 May 2015 President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko signed a bill into law which began a six months period for the removal of communist monuments and the mandatory renaming of settlements with names related to Communism.[3] On 12 November 2015, the city council decided to rename the city to Chornomorsk (after the Black Sea coast upon which the city is found). The decision was confirmed by the Verkhovna Rada (the Ukrainian parliament) on 4 February 2016.[4] The city's former name, Illichivsk, was an homage to Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, the founder of the Soviet Union.

Until 18 July 2020, Chornomorsk was incorporated as a city of oblast significance and the center of Illichivsk Municipality. The municipality was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Odesa Oblast to seven. The area of Illichivsk Municipality was merged into Odesa Raion.[5][6]

Demographics

According to the 2001 Ukrainian Census:

Ethnicity Proportion
Ukrainians 66.5%
Russians 28.5%
Bulgarians 1%
Moldovans, Belarusians, Romanians, and other 4%

Economy

Train ferry service to Bulgaria

See also: UkrFerry

Chornomorsk was connected by freight train ferry line (426 km) to Varna in Bulgaria in 1978. There were train ferries, two Soviet and two Bulgarian, named "Hero of Odesa", "Hero of Sevastopol" and "Hero of Schipka", "Hero of Pleven", which could take in three decks a total of 108 two bogie (four axle) Soviet freight cars. In the first ten-year period (1978–1988), these train ferries had transported 1,000,000 freight cars between Illichivsk and Varna. This train ferry service took 17 hours in both directions. The Bulgarians built break of gauge apparatus at Varna which made it possible to change bogies of 24 freight cars in one hour thirty minutes.

Industries

See also: Port of Chornomorsk

Chornomorsk's economy is largely oriented to the sea. The biggest employer is the Port of Chornomorsk. The headquarters and manufacturing facilities of "Antarctica" (Ukraine's largest fishing company) are located in the city, and other major maritime shipping companies have also chosen to open their offices there.

The city also has a freight railway station. The port is on one of the freight routes of China's proposed Eurasian Land Bridge (part of the "New Silk Road"), which would see an eastern link to China via ferry to Georgia, Azerbaijan and across the Caspian Sea, and a western link by train to western Europe.[7]

International relations

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Ukraine

Twin towns – Sister cities

Chornomorsk is twinned with:

  • Chornomorsk downtown
    Chornomorsk downtown
  • Prymorskyi Park
    Prymorskyi Park
  • Night Club
    Night Club

References

  1. ^ a b Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
  2. ^ "Черноморская громада" (in Russian). Портал об'єднаних громад України.
  3. ^ Poroshenko signed the laws about decomunization. Ukrayinska Pravda. 15 May 2015
    Poroshenko signs laws on denouncing Communist, Nazi regimes, Interfax-Ukraine. 15 May 20
    Goodbye, Lenin: Ukraine moves to ban communist symbols, BBC News (14 April 2015)
  4. ^ "Decommunisation continues: Rada renames several towns and villages". UNIAN. 4 February 2016.
    "Rada de-communized Artemivsk as well as over a hundred cities and villages" (in Ukrainian). Pravda.com.ua. 4 February 2016. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
  5. ^ "Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ" [About the formation and liquidation of districts. Resolution of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine No. 807-IX]. Голос України (in Ukrainian). 18 July 2020. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
  6. ^ "Нові райони: карти + склад" [New areas: maps + warehouse] (in Ukrainian). Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України. 17 July 2020.
  7. ^ Dyussembekova, Zhazira (21 January 2016). "Silk Road Renewed With Launch of New Commercial Transit Route". The Astana Times.
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